IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA, CIRCUIT BENCH AT JALPAIGURI
JOYMALYA BAGCHI, AJAY KUMAR GUPTA, JJ.
Partha Das - Appellant
Versus
The State of West Bengal & Anr. – Respondents
C.R.A. 4 of 2020
Decided On : 22-05-2024
(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 376, 448, and 506 - Conviction for rape and related offences - The appellant was convicted based on the victim's testimony, which was found to suffer from inherent improbabilities and contradictions, including issues regarding the entry into the house and the absence of corroborative evidence. The court emphasized that conviction may be based on the sole testimony of a victim, but it must be credible and free from contradictions. (Paras 12-24)
(B) Benefit of doubt - The court held that the prosecution failed to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt, leading to the conclusion that the appellant should be given the benefit of doubt due to prior enmity and inconsistencies in the victim's account. (Paras 23-26)
Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted for rape after allegedly forcing entry into the victim's house and committing the crime while she was alone. The victim's testimony was central to the prosecution's case, but inconsistencies raised doubts about its credibility.
Findings of Court:
The court found that the prosecution had not proven its case beyond reasonable doubt, leading to the conclusion that the appellant was entitled to the benefit of doubt.
Issues: The main issues included the credibility of the victim's testimony, the circumstances of the alleged crime, and the implications of prior enmity between the families involved.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the inconsistencies in the victim's testimony and the lack of corroborative evidence necessitated the conclusion that the prosecution had failed to meet its burden of proof.
Result: Conviction and sentence of the appellant are set aside; appeal allowed.
JUDGMENT :
(Joymalya Bagchi, J.)
1. Appeal is directed against the judgment and order dated 28.11.2019 passed by the learned Additional District & Sessions Judge, Fast Track Court, Cooch Behar in connection with Sessions Case No.72 of 2017 (Sessions Trial No.2(11) of 2017) convicting the appellant for commission of offence punishable under Sections 376/448/506 of the Indian Penal Code and sentencing him to suffer rigorous imprisonment for ten years and to pay fine of Rs.50,000/- (Rupees fifty thousand) in default to suffer simple imprisonment for a further period of six months for the offence punishable under Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code; to suffer rigorous imprisonment for six months for the offence punishable under Section 448 of the Indian Penal Code and to suffer rigorous imprisonment for eight months for the offence punishable under Section 506 of the Indian Penal Code. All the sentences to run concurrently. 80% fine amount, if realised, be paid to the victim.
Prosecution case as alleged against the appellant is as follows:-
2. On 26.09.2016 at 1.00 PM victim was alone in the house. Taking advantage of the situation, appellant forcibly entered the room. When victim tried to raise hue and cry, he pressed her mouth, forcibly took off her wearing apparels and raped her. After her parents returned, victim narrated the incident to them, her grandmother and other neighbours. On the next day, she lodged written complaint at Cooch Behar Sadar Women Police Station resulting in registration of Women Police Station Case No.207 of 2016 dated 27.09.2016 under Sections 448/376/506 of the Indian Penal Code. In conclusion of investigation, charge sheet was filed and charges under Sections 448/376/506 of the Indian Penal Code were framed against the appellant. Appellant pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried. During trial prosecution examined 7 witnesses. Defence of the appellant was one of innocence and false implication. Upon assessment of evidence, trial Judge by the impugned judgment and order convicted and sentenced the appellant, as aforesaid.
Arguments at the Bar:-
3. Mr. Chowdhury for the appellant contends evidence of the victim (PW 1) suffers from inherent improbabilities and contradictions. Victim claimed she was sleeping alone in the house. It is unclear how the appellant entered the room. During chief victim claimed she could not raise hue and cry but during cross-examination she stated she had raised hue and cry. Wearing apparels of the victim were not torn. Semen stained wearing apparels were not seized. Though she claimed she suffered injuries in her private part, medical report does not corroborate this fact. Litigation was pending between the father of the victim and grandfather of the appellant. As a result, he was falsely implicated. Hence, he prays for acquittal.
4. Mr. Ganguly for the State submits victim (PW 1) clearly stated the manner in which she had been raped. She is a credible witness. She disclosed the incident to her parents, grandmother and others. A SALISH was also held. Hence, the prosecution case is proved beyond doubt.
5. Nobody appears for the victim.
Evidence on record:-
6. PW 1 is the victim. She deposed two months prior to the incident she had been married. Her husband used to reside in Gujarat. Hence, she was residing at her parental home. On the date of incident she was alone in the house. On 26.09.2016 at 1.00 PM she was lying in the bed. Appellant entered the house and removed her clothes. She tried to raise hue and cry. Appellant pressed her mouth. Then he raped her. Before leaving the house he threatened her. When her parents returned she disclosed the incident to them, her grandmother and neighbours. On the next date she lodged complaint which was scribed by PW 6. She was medically examined and made statement before Magistrate.
During cross-examination she stated many persons including the appellant reside in and around their house. A village path which is frequented by villagers run in fro
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