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2025 Supreme(Cal) 595

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
SHAMPA SARKAR, J.
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. – Petitioner 
Versus 
Shri Dhananjay Kumar – Respondent 
AP 130 of 2024 
Decided On : 12-08-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. P. Chakraborty, Adv.

The amendment to the Arbitration Act mandates that a person with an interest in the outcome of a dispute cannot act as an arbitrator or appoint one, reinforcing procedural impartiality.

Headnote:(A) Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 - Sections 12(1) and 12(5) - Appointment of arbitrator - Application for appointment of an arbitrator under clause 38 of the distributorship agreement - Demand for recovery of unreturned assets and allegations of breach of contract raised - The distributor failed to comply with the operational norms set forth in the agreement, leading to the issuance of show-cause notices. The petitioner sought arbitration as statutory amendments to the Act limited the appointment process. The application was allowed, referring the matter to a sole arbitrator, retaining jurisdictional issues open for determination. (Paras 3, 13, 17, 19)

(B) Arbitrator's Impartiality - The court underscored that an arbitrator must uphold independence and impartiality, emphasizing the necessity for equitable participation in appointment processes. Court highlighted precedent ruling that interests in dispute disqualify individuals from acting as arbitrators or appointing one. (Paras 14-16)

Table of Content
1. court's ex parte proceedings due to lack of appearance. (Para 1 , 2)
2. distribution agreement stipulations and distributor's obligations. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. details of complaints and irregularities against the distributor. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
4. dispute initiation and procedure for arbitration under agreement. (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
5. impartiality and independence standards for arbitration. (Para 14 , 15)
6. court jurisdiction and approval for arbitration. (Para 16)
7. disposal of application and conditions for the arbitrator. (Para 17 , 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT :

SHAMPA SARKAR, J.

1. Affidavit in opposition is taken on record. Insertions in English and Hindi newspapers had been made within the jurisdiction of the respondent. Despite substituted service, none appears. The Court proceeds ex parte.

2. This is an application for appointment of a learned Arbitrator in accordance with clause 38 of the Bharatgas (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) Distributorship (Domestic & Commercial) Agreement dated 13th August, 2012.

3. According to the petitioner, the respondent was appointed as a distributor for carrying on the business of LPG Distributorship under the name and style of M/s. Ganga Bharat Gas Gramin Vitrak, at Chhatgtarpur (Dali/Orkaha/Chengbaha), District Palamau, Jharkhand.

4. Reliance has been placed on the various clauses of the agreement in support of the contention that the distributor was required to comply with and abide by the stipulations under the said clauses. Clause 5 of the agreement provided that the LPG Cylinders with Valves, Caps, Security Nuts, Regulators and any other equipment as determined by the petitioner/Corporation, shall remain the property of the Corporation.

5. It is contended that the Corporation from time to time entrusted the distributor with the use of those equipments in the usual course of business and the distributor was to exercise due care and protection of all the properties so handed over to the distributor, under the Distributorship Agreement.

6. The distributor was also required to provide adequate storage facility under clause 7. Clause 11 of the Agreement, mandated that the distributor was to faithfully and diligently observe and carry out all directions and orders of the Corporation, which were part of the Corporation’s LP Gas Manual. Clause 16 provided that the distributor was to maintain adequate trained and competent staff to do the installation work, connect the appliances to the cylinders, re-fill the cylinders and pressure regulators, etc. The Agreement permitted the Corporation to make periodic visits, inspect the documents, accounts, cause an inventory of the stocks etc. Clause 28(g) of the Agreement permitted the Corporation to terminate the agreement if the distributor committed default in payment to the Corporation in full and Clause 28(a) of the Agreement permitted the Corporation to terminate the agreement in the event the distributor committed any delay, breach or default of the terms and conditions of the agreement.

7. According to the petitioner, the distributor was not operating from May 15, 2025. Numerous complaints were received from the local administration, when the public was facing difficulty. The District Magistrate of the concerned District wrote several letters about the closure of the LPG distributorship.

8. In this background, a show-cause notice was issued on October 9, 2017, asking the distributor to show cause as to why the distributorship should not be terminated. On December 19, 2017, another show-cause notice was issued. By a letter dated January 11, 2018, the respondent answered to the show-cause notice, inter alia, contending that due to a threat situation in the locality, daughter’s marriage and son’s illness, the respondent could not pick up the cylinders on time and deliver them to the customers. An inspection was held in the godown of the respondent by the Assistant Manager, LPG Cells, Hazaribagh, to retrieve the stock and assess the status of the distr

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