IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Sanjay S. Agrawal, J.
Vasudev Prajapati, S/o Rajaram Prajapati - Appellant
Vs.
Smt. Sunita Kumari, W/o Vasudev - Respondent
First Appeal (M) No.09 of 2015
Decided On : 28-04-2022
Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 - Sections 28, 13 (1) (ia) and (ib) and 25 - Indian Penal Code,1860 - Section 498-A - Dowry Prohibition Act - Section 4 - Civil Procedure Code,1908 - Order 41 Rule 22 - Criminal Procedure Code,1973 – Sections 125 and 127 - Income Tax Act, 1961 - Section 203 - Seeking maintenance - Mental Cruelty – Demand of dowry - Marriage of the Applicant was solemnized with the Non-applicant – Wife in accordance with Hindu rites and rituals at - Application that at the time of marriage, the age of the Non-applicant was suppressed by showing three years less than her actual age and her parents wanted to keep him - Applicant, they lived only for 9 days in his house and thereafter he got her admission wishes, where she stayed purposes of completing her education and thereafter, they lived only one and half months at the place of his posting, i.e., as she left matrimonial home without any intimation when he was not at home - Contention of Applicant is that a false criminal complaint has been lodged by his wife pertaining to demand of dowry, owing to which, an offence punishable under Section 498-A of IPC read with Section 4 of Dowry Prohibition Act - causing mental cruelty to him, compelled him for the initiation of proceedings for dissolution of marriage on the ground of cruelty and desertion as required under Section 13 (1) (ia) and (ib) of Act, 1955 – Held, Enhanced month by said Court in exercise of powers enumerated under Section 127 of Cr.P.C - Father and mother of Applicant are shown to be dependents upon him and monthly pension of father is shown approximate expenses used to be incurred towards dependents is shown in affidavit as a bare perusal of the statement of the Applicant (A.W.1) and his father was examined as A.W.2, it is difficult to hold that father and mother are dependents upon him as none of them in their statements have stated that they are living along with Applicant – husband - independent source of income of wife is concerned, Applicant – husband has, however, shown in his said affidavit that he is not aware of earning of his wife. Although Applicant has stated in his affidavit as such, but in a proceeding initiated by the wife under Section 125 of Cr.P.C - Independent source of income of wife was found by the concerned Family Court in its order attached with the said affidavit of the Applicant and which has attained its finality by efflux of time - Applicant – husband as reflected and observed from the aforesaid details furnished coupled with the period of marriage, ends of justice would be served by fixing amount of permanent alimony/maintenance in lump-sum payable to the Non-applicant – wife by the Applicant – Husband within a period of one year in two installments commencing with effect which will forfeit all her claims – appeal allowed
JUDGMENT/ORDER :
1. This appeal has been preferred by the Applicant – husband under Section 28 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (hereinafter referred to as the Act, 1955) questioning the legality and propriety of the judgment and decree dated 26.11.2014 passed in Civil Suit No.16-A/2013, whereby the learned trial Court has dismissed his application seeking decree for dissolution of marriage on the ground of desertion and cruelty. The parties to this appeal shall be referred hereinafter as per their description before the Court below.
2. Facts, which are essential to be stated for adjudication of this appeal, are that the marriage of the Applicant was solemnized with the Non-applicant – wife on 28.02.2008 in accordance with Hindu rites and rituals at Bhilai, Dist. Durg (C.G.). It is pleaded in the application that at the time of marriage, the age of the Non-applicant was suppressed by showing three years less than her actual age and her parents wanted to keep him as Gharjamai (a resident son-in-law). According to the Applicant, they lived only for 9 days in his house at Mahasamund and thereafter he got her admission in Shankaracharya B.Ed. College, Bhilai as per her wishes, where she stayed upto June 2009 for the purposes of completing her education and thereafter, they lived only one and half months at the place of his posting, i.e., Gariaband as she left the matrimonial home on 12.08.2009 without any intimation when he was not at home. Further contention of the Applicant is that a false criminal complaint has been lodged by his wife pertaining to demand of dowry, owing to which, an offence punishable under Section 498-A of IPC read with Section 4 of Dowry Prohibition Act has been registered against him in connection with Crime No.26/2011 causing mental cruelty to him, which compelled him for the initiation of the proceedings for dissolution of marriage on the ground of cruelty and desertion as required under Section 13 (1) (ia) and (ib) of the Act, 1955, instituted on 07.05.2013.
3. While contesting the aforesaid claim, it is pleaded by Non-applicant – wife that after examining her educational certificates, the Applicant has got married with her, and therefore, the alleged allegation of suppression of her age is a false one. It is stated further that immediately 4 days after the marriage, her husband went to his place of posting without making any relations with her. It is pleaded further that her husband used to keep talking late night with other women and has extra-marital relations with her. It is pleaded further that since she was subjected to cruelty on account of demand of dowry, therefore, she was forced to lodge the alleged report against him.
4. In support, the Applicant has examined himself and his father Rajaram, while the Non-applicant has examined herself, father of her husband's concubine, namely, Murlidhar and also her father – Harinath Prasad in rebuttal.
5. After considering the evidence led by the parties, it was held by the trial Court that as the Applicant was found to be living with another woman, namely, Deepika Agrase, therefore, the Non-applicant was forced to live separately with justifiable reasons and in view thereof, the ground of desertion as alleged by the Applicant was not found to be established. It held further that the alleged complaint pertaining to the demand of dowry was not found to be a false one as alleged by the Applicant, and therefore, it cannot be held that the wife has committed cruelty with her husband entitling him to a decree for dissolution of marriage on the ground enumerated under Section 13 (1) (ia) of the Act, 1955 as well. As a consequence of it, the trial Court has dismissed the claim, which has been impugned by way of this appeal.
6. Shri Manoj Paranjpe, learned counsel appearing for the Applicant – husband submits that the finding of the Court below holding that the Non-applicant has not deserted her husband and has not committed a cruelty upon him by lodging a complaint under
Vinny Paramvir Parmar vs. Paramvir Parmar reported in (2011) 13 SCC 112
SupremeToday
The court established that allegations of cruelty must be substantiated with evidence, and the absence of such evidence can lead to the dismissal of divorce petitions.
The court upheld the divorce as mutual consent was reflected in prolonged separation, emphasizing the need for permanent alimony considering the parties' financial circumstances.
Mental cruelty justifies divorce; unilateral refusal of cohabitation and long-term separation erode marital obligations under Hindu Marriage Act.
(1) Divorce – Irretrievable breakdown of marriage may not be a ground for dissolution of marriage, under Hindu Marriage Act, but it is a ground for dissolution of marriage under Section 13(1)(1a) of ....
The court held that a marriage can be annulled under Section 12(1)(C) of the Hindu Marriage Act if obtained through fraud, particularly when one spouse conceals crucial facts such as prior relationsh....
Prolonged separation over 20 years establishes irretrievable breakdown (dead wood marriage), warranting divorce; permanent alimony of Rs.50 lakhs fixed balancing husband's finances and wife's/daughte....
Cruelty and desertion established grounds for divorce under Hindu Marriage Act; applicant's claims of non-applicant's uncooperative behavior led to permanent breakdown of marriage.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that allegations of cruelty must be proven, and the petitioner must not have condoned the cruelty before a decree of divorce can be granted on the ....
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