IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
SANJAY K. AGRAWAL, RAKESH MOHAN PANDEY, JJ.
Shashi Pratap Singh @ Sonu, S/o Shiv Pratap Singh – Appellant
Versus
State of Chhattisgarh - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 856 of 2013
Decided on : 12-01-2023
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 374(2), 161, 313, 437A - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 302, 34, 201 – Murder offence – Appeal against conviction - Appeal filed by appellants challenging judgment of conviction and order of sentence passed – Held, Prosecution has failed to prove other incriminating circumstances which lead to hypothesis of guilt against appellants - Learned trial Court has acquitted co-accused on same set of facts and evidence, therefore, court is of considered opinion that learned trial Court is absolutely unjustified in convicting appellants under Sections 302/34 & 201/34 of IPC in absence of other incriminating material against appellants – Court hereby set aside conviction so recorded and sentences so awarded by trial Court to appellants - Appeal is allowed.
JUDGMENT :
Rakesh Mohan Pandey, J.
1. The instant criminal appeal filed by the appellants herein under Section 374(2) of the Cr.P.C. challenging therein judgment of conviction and order of sentence passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, Katghora, District Korba (C.G.) dated 14.08.2013 in Sessions Trial No. 67/2012, whereby each of the appellants has been convicted and sentenced as under:-
| Conviction | Sentence |
| Under Section 302/34 of the Indian Penal Code (for short 'IPC') | Rigorous Imprisonment for life and fine of Rs.1,000/-, in default of payment to further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months. |
| Under Section 201/34 of IPC | Rigorous Imprisonment for three years and fine of Rs.500/, in default of payment to further undergo rigorous imprisonment for five months. |
| It is also directed that all the sentences shall run concurrently | |
2. Case of the prosecution, in short, is that the appellants along with co-accused Vikky Lakra (acquitted by the trial Court) in furtherance of their common intention in between 11.05.2012 and 21.05.2012 near tipper-road, railway-track in field of Gopal Singh Kanwar committed murder of Moses Joseph assaulting him by fists, kicks over his mouth, jaw and chest and thereafter, his dead body was buried in mud. It is also alleged that the appellants took the rings of the deceased. Information was received by Police Station on 21.05.2012 to the effect that hand of the dead body was visible in a mud field and consequently, Roznamcha Sanha No. 24/2012 (Ex.-P/39) was recorded. The police party reached to the spot and report was sent to Sub-Divisional Magistrate, Katghora to exhume the dead body vide Ex.-P/43. Panchnama of the dead body was prepared vide Ex.-P/2, dead body was exhumed on 22.05.2012 at 09:30 hours vide Ex.-P/3 and dead body was recovered on 22.05.2012 at 10:15 hours vide Ex.-P/4. The dead body was identified by S.D. Joseph (PW-4, father of the deceased) vide Ex.-P/5. Dehati merg intimation was registered and thereafter, numbered merg intimation was registered vide Ex.-P/36. The dead body was sent for postmortem vide Ex.-P/44. Site plan was prepared vide Ex.-P/11. Wet soil and dry soil were seized from the spot vide Ex.-P/9. F.I.R. (Ex.-P/46) was registered. The postmortem of the body was conducted by Dr. P.S. Kanwar (PW-16) and his report is Ex.-P/38. Statement of the witnesses was recorded under Section 161 of the Cr.P.C. One silver like ring and one motorcycle were seized from appellant No.1 vide Ex.-P/16 on the basis of his memorandum statement (Ex.-P/15). Memorandum statement of appellant No.2 was recorded vide Ex.-P/17 and one silver like ring, his shirt & trousers were seized vide Ex.-P/18. Memorandum statement of co-accused Vikky Lakra was recorded vide Ex.-P/19 and his clothes were seized vide Ex.-P/20. Blood stained soil and one broken SIM was seized vide Ex.-P/24. The application was sent to Sub-Divisional Magistrate for identification of the rings of the deceased vide Ex.-P/32. An application was made to Tehsildar for preparing site map through Patwari vide Ex.-P/33. The seized articles i.e. trousers, shocks, underwear, shoes, one garland and other articles were sent for FSL vide Ex.-P/53. On 17.05.2012 missing report was lodged by father of the deceased (PW-4).
3.After completion of the investigation, charge-sheet was filed against the present appellants and co-accused Vikky Lakra for offence punishable under Sections 302, 201 read with Section 34 of the IPC before the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Katghora which was committed to the Court of Additional Sessions Judge, Katghora for hearing and disposal in accordance with law.
4. The trial Court framed charge under Sections 302/34 and 201/34 of the IPC on 12.09.2012 against the present appellants and co-accused Vikky Lakra. The accused/appellants abjured the guilt, pleaded non-guilty
Circumstantial evidence alone, especially the last seen theory without corroboration, is insufficient for conviction; guilt must be established beyond reasonable doubt.
Under Section 299 of IPC, homicide becomes culpable when a human being terminates life of another in a blameworthy manner.
The sufficiency of circumstantial evidence and the last seen theory in establishing the guilt of the accused.
In criminal cases relying on circumstantial evidence, the prosecution must establish a complete chain of circumstances beyond reasonable doubt, leaving no room for alternative hypotheses of innocence....
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