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2025 Supreme(Chh) 234

HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Rajani Dubey, J.
Indrajeet Singh Solanki, S/o Gulab Singh Solanki - Appellant
Versus
Union Of India, Through Central Bureau Of Investigation – Respondent 
CRA No. 712 of 2007, CRA No. 767 of 2007, CRA No. 713 of 2007
Decided On : 12-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. Kishore Bhaduri, Sr. Advocate Assisted By Mr. Harshmander Rastogi, Adil Minhaj, Mr. Pranjal Agrawal, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. B. Gopa Kumar, Advocate

The prosecution failed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt the offences of conspiracy and forgery against the appellants, with mere suspicion not serving as a substitute for valid evidence.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 374(2) - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 120B, 420, 468, 471 - Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - Section 13(1)(d) r/w Section 13(2) - Criminal conspiracy and forgery relating to bank loans - The prosecution accused the appellants of fraudulently sanctioning loans based on forged documents for non-existent firms, causing wrongful gain - Trial Court convicted the appellants, which the High Court found unsupported by evidence - The court emphasized that mere suspicion cannot replace proof, stressing that the prosecution failed to demonstrate the requisite mens rea or agreement among the accused. (Paras 1, 39, 40)

Facts of the case:
The appellant served as the Branch Manager and, alongside co-accused, was alleged to have issued loans to fictitious firms using forged documentation and failed to adhere to mandatory banking procedures. (Paras 3, 39)

Findings of Court:
The High Court concluded that the trial court's findings lacked evidentiary support and misappreciated the facts, resulting in an unjust conviction. The prosecution had not proven any criminal conspiracy or forgery. (Paras 40, 41)

Issues: The main issues pertained to the existence of a criminal conspiracy and whether requisite legal procedures were followed in sanctioning the loans. (Paras 6, 12)

Ratio Decidendi: The court reasoned that the absence of evidence for fraud, especially concerning the alleged non-existence of firms, undermined the prosecutions claims. The essential elements of the committed offences were not proven beyond a reasonable doubt. (Paras 39, 40)

Result: Appeals allowed; the judgment of conviction and sentence set aside and appellants acquitted.

Table of Content
1. overview of appeals and prosecution case details. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments presented by appellants regarding the lack of evidence and procedural errors. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
3. court's observations on evidence and necessity of due process. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
4. legal standards regarding proof must be rigorously adhered to. (Para 34 , 35 , 36)
5. final judgment and orders regarding acquittal. (Para 41 , 42 , 43)

JUDGMENT :

Rajani Dubey, J.

1. All the appeals arise from a single impugned judgment accordingly, they are heard collectively and disposed of by this common judgment.

2. These appeals under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure have been preferred assailing the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 31.07.2007 passed by the learned Special Judge, C.B.I., Raipur (C.G.) in Special Criminal Case No. 35/2004. By the impugned judgment, the trial Court convicted the appellants - Indrajeet Solanki, Sudarshan Jain and Sudhirkshir Sagar and sentenced them as under:-

A. Appellant – Indrajeet Solanki
Conviction Sentence

Under Section 120B of Indian Penal Code

R.I. for 2 years and to pay fine of Rs. 1,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 2 months

Under Section 420 of Indian Penal Code

R.I. for 2 years and 6 months & to pay fine of Rs. 2,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months

Under Section 468 r/w Section 471 r/w Section 120B of Indian Penal Code

R.I. for 2 years and 6 months & to pay fine of Rs. 2,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months

Under Section 13(1)(d) r/w 13 (2) of Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988

R.I. for 2 years and 6 months & to pay fine of Rs. 2,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months

B. Appellants – Sudarshan Jain and Sudhirkshir Sagar
Conviction Sentence

Under Section 120B of Indian Penal Code

R.I. for 2 years and to pay fine of Rs. 1,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 2 months

Under Section 420 r/w 120B of Indian Penal Code

R.I. for 2 years and 6 months & to pay fine of Rs. 2,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months

Under Section 467 r/w Section 471 r/w Section 120B of Indian Penal Code

R.I. for 2 years and 6 months & to pay fine of Rs. 2,000/-, in default of payment of fine to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months

3. The prosecution case, in short, is that the accused Indrajeet Solanki, while serving as Branch Manager of Dena Bank, Industrial Branch, Raipur, in the capacity of a public servant during the period from 12.06.1989 to July 1992, is alleged to have entered into a criminal conspiracy with Accused Sudarshan Jain, proprietor of M/s Jai Durga Stores, and co-accused Sudhirkshir Sagar, the alleged proprietor of M/s Shilpa Enterprises and Alok Kumar Srivastava, the alleged proprietor of M/s Srivastava Traders, with the intention of cheating the bank. In furtherance of the said conspiracy, the accused are alleged to have forged documents, used them as genuine, and committed criminal misconduct by abusing the official position of Accused No. Indrajeet Solanki as a public servant.

It is alleged that M/s Shilpa Enterprises and M/s Srivastava Traders were non-existent entities, yet the accused, by falsely projecting Sudhirkshir Sagar and Alok Kumar Srivastava as their proprietors, dishonestly and illegally procured sanction of loans of Rs.1,00,000/- in the name of Shilpa Enterprises and Rs.50,000/- in the name of Srivastava Traders. By doing so, they fraudulently induced the Dena Bank Industrial Estate Branch, Raipur, to disburse the said amounts on the basis of forged documents. All the accused persons, by impersonating the alleged proprietors of the fictitious firms, procured loan sanctions on the strength of bogus supply bills furnished in favour of accused Sudarshan Jain, proprietor of M/s Jai Durga Stores, without following mandatory legal procedures, without cond

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