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2025 Supreme(Chh) 309

HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Sanjay K. Agrawal, Sanjay Kumar Jaiswal, JJ.
Smt. Monika Bareth, W/o Mukesh Bareth - Appellant (On Bail)
Versus
The State of Chhattisgarh - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 90 of 2015, Criminal Appeal No. 1324 of 2014
Decided On : 15-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. Praveen Dhurandhar, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. Ashish Shukla, Addl. Advocate General

The conviction was overturned due to the prosecution's failure to prove the guilt of the appellants beyond reasonable doubt, particularly highlighting the unreliable testimony of the child witness.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code (IPC) - Sections 302/34 and 201/34 - Criminal appellate jurisdiction - Conviction and sentence from trial court in murder case reversed due to lack of reliable evidence and prosecution's failure to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt - Child witness testimony not corroborated and deemed tutored, rendering conviction unsafe - Acquittal granted on the basis of benefit of doubt. (Paras 2, 10-22)

(B) Evidence Law - Reliability of child witness - Evidence of child witnesses must be scrutinized carefully; corroboration is not a requirement but a measure of caution. (Paras 12-14)

(C) Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) - Section 374(2) - Acquittal of accused due to insufficient evidence collected at trial and improper reliance on admissibility of confessions. (Paras 21-22)

Table of Content
1. court's jurisdiction and appeal consolidation. (Para 1 , 2)
2. summary of the prosecution's case. (Para 3 , 4)
3. conviction details from lower court. (Para 5 , 6)
4. arguments of both parties on appeal. (Para 7 , 8)
5. finding of homicidal death. (Para 10 , 11)
6. assessment of child witness testimony. (Para 12 , 13)
7. principles for evaluating child witness evidence. (Para 14 , 19)
8. circumstances of the child witness's testimony. (Para 15 , 18)
9. inadmissibility of certain evidence and lack of corroboration. (Para 20 , 21)
10. standard of proof and acquittal due to benefit of doubt. (Para 22)
11. (Para 23 , 24)

JUDGMENT :

Sanjay Kumar Jaiswal, J

(1) Regard being had to the similitude of the question of facts and law involved and being arising out of a common impugned judgment dt. 21.10.2014, on the joint request of learned counsel for the parties, both these criminal appeals are clubbed together, heard together and being disposed of by this common judgment.

(2) Invoking criminal appellate jurisdiction of this Court, two accused/appellants herein, namely, Virup Pal @ Veeru (A-1) and Smt. Monika Bareth (A-3) have preferred CRA-1324-2014 & CRA- 90-2015 under Section 374(2) of Cr.P.C. respectively, calling in question the legality, validity and correctness of impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence dt. 21.10.2014, passed in Sessions Trial No.93/2013 (Virup Pal @ Veeru and others v. State of Chhattisgarh) by the 2nd Addl. Sessions Judge, Korba (CG), whereby they both have been convicted and sentenced as under:

Conviction Sentence
U/s. 302/34 of IPCImprisonment for life with fine of Rs.5,000/- and, in default of payment of fine amount, additional rigorous imprisonment for 01 year.
U/s. 201/34 of IPCRigorous imprisonment for 05 years with fine of Rs.1,000/- and, in default of payment of fine amount, additional rigorous imprisonment for 01 year.

[Both the sentences are directed to run concurrently]

(3) The case of the prosecution, in short, is that on 17.06.2013, the two accused/appellants herein alongwith another co-accused (now dead) firstly shared common intention with each other and, in furtherance of their of, assaulted Mukesh Kumar Bareth (herein after referred to as the “deceased”) by means of bricks and tiles and caused his murder and, further, in order to screen themselves from prosecution, put the dead-body of the deceased in gunny bag and threw into Bade canal and, thereby, said to have committed the aforesaid offence.

(4) It is further case of the prosecution that when the matter was reported to the police by Madan Das mahant (PW-02), dehati merg was registered vide Ex.P/34. Dead-body of the deceased was identified by Mohan Lal (PW-03) [brother of the deceased] vide identification panchnama (Ex.P/17). Merg intimation (Ex.P/35) and FIR (Ex.P/37) were also registered and wheels of investigation started running, in which, summons under Section 175 of CrPC were sent vide Ex.P/15 and inquest proceedings were conducted vide Ex.P/16. Spot map was also prepared vide Ex.P/31. The dead-body of the deceased was sent for postmortem examination, which was conducted by Dr. Deepak Singh Raj (PW-05) and, as per PM report (Ex.P/01), it has been opined that cause of death is head injury consist with compressive force applied over neck resulting in asphyxia and nature of death is homicidal in nature. The appellants-accused were arrested and their memorandum statements were recorded vide Ex.P/02 & Ex.P/04 respectively. Pursuant to the memorandum statements of the appellant- Virup Pal @ Veeru (A-1) tiles, mobile phone and scooter were seized vide Ex.P/05 & Ex.P/06, whereas, from appellant- Monika Bareth (A-3), tiles looks like brick were seized vide Ex.P/08. Thereafter, the seized articles were sent for chemical examination, but no FSL report has been brought on record for the reasons best known to the prosecution. After statements of witnesses were recorded and due investigation, the police filed charge-sheet against the a

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