High Court Of Delhi
INDRA SHARMA - Appellant
Versus
GOPAL DASS - Respondent
SECOND APPEAL 325 of 1981
Decided On : 07/11/1984
B. Displaced Persons (Compensation and Rehabilitation) Act, 1954 — Section 29 — There was a tenant under the Custodian of Evacuee Property who died on 11-2-1962. The ownership of the property was transferred on 17-4-1968 to one Shri Gopal Dass. Under Rule 34 of Displaced Per sons (Compensation & Rehabilitation) Rules, 1955, Shri Gopal Dass was deemed to be the owner since 1-10-1955. The inevitable corollary must follow the tenant, who was alive on 1-10-1955 and was tenant of the Custodian, would become tenant of the transferee Gopal Dass by virtue of Section 29 of the Act. Further on the death of the tenant on 11-2-1962, all his legal heirs would inherit the tenancy.
C. Hindu Succession Act, 1956 — Section 19(b) — Legal heirs inherit the tenancy rights, as co-tenants and not as joint tenants. They have unity of possession but not unity of title. The order of eviction against one tenant is not binding on the other co-tenants.
D. Transfer of Property Act, 1882 — Tenancy Rights — Attornment Letter — The fact that the attornment letter mentioned the name of one co-tenant and did not mention the names of the other co-tenants, can not have the effect of extinguishing the rights of the other co-tenants. The rights of a tenant in the premises do not get determined just because there is no letter of attornment.
E. Transfer of Property Act — Section 111(f) Tenancy Rights — The facts that some co-tenants did not assert their rights prior to the filing of the written statement is not relevant and can not amount to implied surrender in terms of Section 111(f) of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882.
F. Displaced Persons (Compensation & Rehabilitation) Act, 1954 — Section 29. — The word "deemed" imports a statutory fiction. It means that a person in occupation under the Custodian would be deemed to have become the tenant under the transferee. There is no distinction whatever between this tenant and an ordinary tenant under the ordinary law. The tenant by operation of law is as much entitled to the protection of the Rent Act as a tenant inducted by the transferee himself. The expression "statutory tenant" cannot be applied to a person deemed to be a tenant under the purchaser or the transferee.
( 1 ) AN interesting point has arisen in this case pertaining to evacuee propel ty. The question posed is as to the scope and effect of an earlier date of transfer specified in the deed of conveyance, than its date of execution. For on the result of this query, would depend who is the tenant of the transferee.
( 2 ) THESE are the brief facts. Sohan Lal was the tenant of the Custodian of Evacuee Property. The tenancy pertained to the ground floor of premises No. IV/382 (New), Mehrauli, New Delhi. Gopal Dass resided on the first floor of the said premises. He was the claimant and purchased the entire abovementioned property.
( 3 ) THE deed. of conveyance, in respect of the said free hold property was executed on 17th April, 1968 between the Vendor. President of India, and the Purchaser Gopal Dass. However, as indicated therein, the said property was transferred to Gopal Dass, respondent No. 1 with effect from 1st October, 1955. The deed of conveyance was in the form specified in Appendix XXIV as required by Rule 33 of the Displaced Persons (Compensation and Rehabilitation) allies, 1955.
( 4 ) ON 11th February, 1962, Sohan Lal died. His legal heirs were his widow, Laxmi Devi, his son Dcv Dutt (Rattan) and the heirs of his predeceased son Khushi Ram. Late Khushi Ram s heirs were his widow Shakuntala Devi, Sons Suresh, Naresh, Ramesh and Prem Kumar as also two daughters Indra and Geeta Sharma.
( 5 ) ON 7th April, 1969, a letter was issued by the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Rehabilitation from the Office of the Regional Settlement Commissioner, New Delhi. The said letter, Ext. A. 2, was addressed to Gopal Dass and Laxmi Devi, the widow of Sohan Lal. The addresses of both Gopal Dass and Laxmi Devi were indicated therein as IV/382 (New), Mehrauli, New Delhi. The letter pertained to the transfer of the property. It was stated in the said letter that the afoi-esaid property had been permanent /provisionally transferred to Gopal Dass and ". . . . . . . . you are hereby directed to pay rent him and deal otherwise with him direct w. e. f. 1-10-55".
( 6 ) ON 16th April, 1969, a legal notice was addressed by the Advocates of Gopal Dass to three persons. These were Laxmi Devi, the widow of Sohan Lal, Dev Dutt son of Sohan Lal and Shakuntala Devi widow of Khlisi Ram. They were all shown as residents of IV/382 (New), Mehrauu, New, Delhi. It was stated in the said notice that Gopal Dass was the owner-landlord of the above-mentioned house and Laxmi Devi was "the tenant in four rooms, kitchen, Bath and Latrine in the said house at a nominal rent of Rs. 21- per month. . . . . . ". It was asserted that she had "sub-let, assigned or otherwise Parted with the possession of the whole or part of the premises without obtaining consent in writing", from -Gopal Dass in favour of Dev Dutt and Shakuntala Devi. It was also asserted that the arrears of rent with effect from 1st October, 1965 had neither been paid nor tendered ; further, that the premises were residential and were required bona fide for the occupation of Gopal Dass and his family members. The tenancy was sought to be terminated with effect from 30th June, 1969.
( 7 ) SUBSEQUENT thereto, on 5th February, 1970, an ejectment application was moved by respondent No. I against Laxmi Devi widow of Sohan Lal, Dev Rattan and Shakuntala Devi. The eviction petition was based on, inter-alia, the ground of sub-letting of the premises by Laxmi Devi to Dev Rattan and Shakuntala Devi. The other grounds pertained to non-payment of rent from 1st October, 1965, bona fide personal requirement and acquiring of another residence.
( 8 ) ON 28th April, 1970, the said three persons filed a joint written. statement and asserted that after the death of Sohan Lal, all three of them as heirs became "the direct tenants of Custodian". They constituted a joint Hindu Family and were residing in the tenanted premises from "the very beginning".
( 9 ) ON 10th June, 1970, an order under Section 15 (1) of the
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