IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Mukta Gupta, Anish Dayal, JJ.
Anil Kumar - Appellant
Vs.
State Of Nct Of Delhi - Respondent
CRL.A. 328, 329 of 2017
Decided On : 21-07-2022
Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 302/34 – Offence of Murder - Circumstantial evidence – Appeal against conviction - Wife of deceased lodged a missing complaint at PS that her husband had left home for his official duty at Patel Nagar but did not return thereafter - On that basis, General Diary Entry was recorded - On other hand, DD was recorded at PS that a dead body of an unknown (unidentified) male was lying in field near Batra Farmhouse with wounds on neck - Police arrived at spot and during investigation dead body was identified as that of deceased - Court is of the considered opinion that the prosecution has been unable to prove, on basis of circumstantial Evidence beyond reasonable doubt that the offence was committed by the two appellants. The linkages between the evidence presented by prosecution are weak and cannot sustain a finding of guilt beyond reasonable doubt.(Para 8)
Finding of the court: All the four elements relied upon by learned Trial Court to establish circumstantial evidence beyond reasonable doubt, i.e., motive, circumstance of last seen, circumstance of recovery of weapon, circumstance of recovery of belongings have not been proved beyond reasonable doubt to sustain a finding of guilt of appellants for inter alia - Court is of the considered opinion that the prosecution has been unable to prove, on the basis of circumstantial Evidence, beyond reasonable doubt that the offence was committed by the two appellants - Superintendent, Tihar Jail is directed to release the appellants forthwith, if not required in any other case. Copy of this order be uploaded on website and be also sent to Superintendent, Tihar Jail for intimation to the appellants and updation of records.
Result: Appeals disposed
JUDGMENT :
1. The above captioned appeals impugn the judgment dated 26th December, 2016 whereby the appellants have been convicted for offence punishable under section 302/34 IPC and have been awarded life imprisonment vide order on sentence dated 11th January, 2017 with a fine of Rs.50,000/- and in default, to further undergo simple imprisonment for one year. The fine so realised was directed to be given to the wife and children of the deceased.
The Incident:
2. The facts in brief, as culled out from the documents and Trial Court's Record are as under:
(ii) Statement of 'SM', wife of the deceased was recorded who informed the police that her husband was working in a private company at Patel Nagar and appellant No.1 was his friend who was residing in Narela. She further stated that he used to visit their house and also had some money transactions amongst themselves. A few days back her husband (deceased) had told her that a signed cheque was missing which he later came to know that by way of the said cheque, appellant No.1 had withdrawn a sum of Rs.47,000/- from Axis Bank, Kundli Branch. As per her further statement, the deceased talked to appellant No.1 many times on mobile but the latter was not returning money and they had heated arguments.
(iii) 'SM' further stated that on 12th October, 2013 at about 11:00 AM, deceased along with her went to a temple at Sector A-10. Both the appellants,(whom she identified before the Learned Trial Court) met them while on a red colour Pulsar motorcycle near the petrol pump and spoke to the deceased, and purportedly promised to return money to him. The deceased asked both the appellants to wait there and went back home along with his wife. Thereafter the deceased left home along with a black bag but never returned thereafter. On the same day at about 10:00 PM, the deceased sent an SMS to 'SM' informing her that he was going to Ambala along with his boss.
(iv) Subsequently, both the appellants were arrested and recoveries were made of blood-stained clothes, the red motor cycle and also the weapon of offence i.e., a blood stained 'daav’. While mobile phone (Samsung make, No.8130393049) and a black bag (make 'Rock Polo') were recovered from the possession of appellant No.1, ATM card, Voter I Card and other documents of the deceased were recovered. Call details were also collected according to which appellant No.1 had sent message from the mobile of the deceased to 'SM', the wife of the deceased to mislead her. All these articles were sent for forensic examination to the FSL.
(v) Separate statement of one gentleman 'KA' was recorded who had withdrawn the amount of Rs.47,000/-, on being given the said cheque by appellant No.1 for encashing the same.
(vi) Charge under Section 302/34 IPC and 201/34 IPC was framed against both the accused persons, the appellants herein, to which they pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.
(vii) Prosecution examined 22 witnesses, statements of both the appellants were recorded and the defence examined only one witness during trial.
Submissions by the appellants:
3. Aggrieved by the judgment dated 26th December, 2016 and order on sentence dated 11th January, 2017, both the appellants preferred these appeals and raised the following contentions:
Both appellants and deceased were not located along the same towers during the period when his wife last saw him around noon and the evening when she received an SMS on her mobile.
The duty of the Appellate Court to independently assess the evidence and establish the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt based on complete and reliable circumstantial evidence.
In criminal cases relying on circumstantial evidence, the prosecution must establish a complete chain of circumstances beyond reasonable doubt, leaving no room for alternative hypotheses of innocence....
When other evidence are available, non-examination of witness is inconsequential.
The need for concrete evidence to prove homicidal death and the importance of the Doctor's opinion in cases of circumstantial evidence.
A conviction for murder based on circumstantial evidence requires that all links in the evidence chain conclusively point to the accused's guilt without reasonable doubt.
A conviction based on circumstantial evidence requires a complete chain of evidence that excludes all reasonable hypotheses of innocence.
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