IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Chandra Dhari Singh, J.
Jasbir Singh - Appellant
Versus
State - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 95 of 2007
Decided On : 12-05-2022
CRIMINAL APPEAL - SECTION 374 OF THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, 1973 - SECTIONS 366, 506 OF THE INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 - CONVICTION AND SENTENCE FOR KIDNAPPING, RAPE AND CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION - APPELLANT CHALLENGES CONVICTION AND SENTENCE - COURT FINDS MATERIAL CONTRADICTIONS IN PROSECUTION WITNESS TESTIMONIES, UNEXPLAINED DELAY IN FILING FIR, AND FAILURE TO EXAMINE MATERIAL WITNESSES - COURT ALSO FINDS NO CONCLUSIVE PROOF OF PROSECUTRIX'S AGE AT TIME OF INCIDENT - COURT ALLOWS APPEAL, SETS ASIDE CONVICTION AND SENTENCE, AND ACQUITS APPELLANT.
Fact of the Case:
Appellant was convicted and sentenced for kidnapping, rape, and criminal intimidation under Sections 366, 506, and 376 of the Indian Penal Code. The victim, a 15-year-old girl, was allegedly kidnapped, taken to a room, and raped by the appellant. The appellant denied the allegations and claimed he was innocent.
Finding of the Court:
The court found material contradictions in the testimonies of the prosecution witnesses, including the victim and her father. The court also noted that there was an unexplained delay in filing the FIR, and that material witnesses, such as the victim's mother and friend, were not examined. Additionally, the court found no conclusive proof of the victim's age at the time of the incident.
Issues: 1. Whether the prosecution had proven its case beyond a reasonable doubt. 2. Whether there were material contradictions in the testimonies of the prosecution witnesses. 3. Whether there was an unexplained delay in filing the FIR. 4. Whether material witnesses were not examined. 5. Whether there was conclusive proof of the victim's age at the time of the incident.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the prosecution had failed to prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt. The court found that the material contradictions in the testimonies of the prosecution witnesses, the unexplained delay in filing the FIR, the failure to examine material witnesses, and the lack of conclusive proof of the victim's age at the time of the incident all raised doubts about the truthfulness of the prosecution's case. The court also held that the appellant was entitled to the benefit of the doubt.
Final Decision: The court allowed the appeal, set aside the conviction and sentence, and acquitted the appellant.
JUDGMENT
Chandra Dhari Singh, J. - The instant criminal appeal under Section 374 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter 'Cr.P.C.') has been filed on behalf of the appellant against the impugned judgment and order dated 9th January, 2007 and 15th January, 2007 passed by learned additional Sessions Judge, Delhi, whereby the appellant was convicted and sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for three years and a fine of Rs. 5000/- in default, rigorous imprisonment for three months under Section 366 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (hereinafter 'IPC'), rigorous imprisonment for two years and a fine of Rs. 5000/- in default, rigorous imprisonment for three months under Section 506 of IPC. all the sentences to run concurrently.
Brief Facts
2. The brief facts as per the prosecution case is that on 25th September, 1998, the daughter of the complainant aged about 15 years left the house for purchasing fruits and vegetables but she did not return home. a missing report was lodged vide DD No. 43B on 26th September, 1998. On 28th September, 1998, an FIR was registered on the basis of the said complaint. The victim was recovered from Village Behat, District Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh on 25th November, 1998. On the statement of the prosecutrix, the accused Keshav was arrested by the Police. The statement of prosecutrix was recorded, wherein she stated that on 25th September, 1998, when she had gone to purchase fruits and vegetables, accused Jasbir met her and told her that her friend Sharda had called her at the bus stand of route no. 817. She refused but when Jasbir insisted, she accompanied him. On reaching the bus stand of route no. 817, she found that her friend Sharda was not there but accused anand Singh and Keshav were present. She was threatened and was taken to a room, where Keshav kept her. She was regularly threatened and raped by co-accused Keshav against her wishes.
3. after completion of investigation, chargesheet was filed against the accused persons, including the present appellant. after complying with the provisions of Section 207 of the Cr. P.C., learned Metropolitan Magistrate committed the case to the Sessions Court for trial. all the accused persons were charged for the offence punishable under Section 366 read with Section 34 of IPC and Section 506 read with Section 34 of IPC and accused Keshav was also charged for the offence punishable under Section 376 of IPC. The accused persons pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.
4. To bring home the guilt of the accused persons, the prosecution examined 14 witnesses. PW-1 Head Constable Ishwar Singh, PW-2 Lady Constable Urshla, PW-3 the prosecutrix, PW-4 Sh. Moti Ram, complainant (father of the prosecutrix), PW-5 Head Constable amarjeet, PW-6 Constable Praveen, PW-7 Head Constable Sant Ram, PW-8 SI Narayan Singh, PW-9 Constable Heera Lal, PW-10 SI Suresh Chand, PW-11 aSI Yashpal, PW-12 Dr. Preeti Singh, PW-13 Dr. Vineet Kumar and PW-14 Sh. Praveen Kumar. after completion of the prosecution witnesses, statement of accused persons were recorded under Section 313 of Cr. P.C. wherein they denied all the allegations and stated that they have been falsely implicated. The appellant Jasbir Singh had also stated that he was innocent and he did not know the prosecutrix, friend of the prosecutrix, Sharda, or the complainant, Moti Ram. The appellant prayed to lead defence evidence, but no defence evidence was examined by him.
5. after completion of the trial, learned additional Sessions Judge, Delhi in Sessions Case No. 76/2002, convicted the present appellant for the offence punishable under Section 366 read with Section 34 of IPC and for offence punishable under Section 506 read with Section 34 of IPC. He was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for three years and a fine of Rs. 5000/- in default, rigorous imprisonment for three months, rigorous imprisonment for two years and a fine of Rs. 5000/- in default, rigorous imprisonment for three months respectively. all the sent
Gangadhar Behera vs. State of Orissa (2002) 8 SCC 381 : 2003 SCC (Cri) 32 : (2002) 7 Supreme 276
State of U.P. vs. Anil Singh 1988 Supp SCC 686 : 1989 SCC (Cri) 48 : AIR 1988 SC 1998
State of U.P. vs. Ashok Kumar Srivastava (1992) 2 SCC 86 : 1992 SCC (Cri) 241 : AIR 1992 SC 840
State of U.P. vs. Krishna Gopal (1988) 4 SCC 302 : 1988 SCC (Cri) 928 : AIR 1988 SC 2154
State vs. Saravanan (2008) 17 SCC 587
Sucha Singh vs. State of Punjab
Sunil Kumar Sambhudayal Gupta vs. State of Maharashtra (2010) 13 SCC 657
Thulia Kali vs. The State of Tamil Nadu
G. Sagar Suri &Anr. vs. State of U.P. &Ors.
Chandrapal Singh &Ors. vs. Maharaj Singh &Anr.
Arumugam vs. State (2008) 15 SCC 590
State of Rajasthan vs. Rajendra Singh (2009) 11 SCC 106
State of Rajasthan vs. Kalki (1981) 2 SCC 752
State of Haryana &Ors. vs. Ch. Bhajan Lal &Ors.
State of Andhra Pradesh vs. M. Madhusudhan Rao (2008) 15 SCC 582
State Govt. of M.P. vs. Ramkrishna
Sheela Barse vs. Union of India : (1986) 3 SCR 562
Satpal Singh vs. State of Haryana
Meharaj Singh &Ors. vs. State of U. P. &Ors
Manoj Kumar Sharma and others vs. State of Chhattisgarh and another
Manjit Singh Anr. vs. State of Punjab 2013 12 SCC 746
Krishnegowda and others vs. State of Karnataka (2017) 13 SCC 98 : AIR 2017 SC 1657
Krishnegowda & Ors. vs. State of Karnataka
Jai Prakash Singh vs. State of Bihar
Inder Singh vs. State (Delhi Admn.) (1978) 4 SCC 161 : 1978 SCC (Cri) 564 : AIR 1978 SC 1091
Gurbachan Singh vs. Satpal Singh (1990) 1 SCC 445 : 1990 SCC (Cri) 151 : AIR 1990 SC 209
The prosecution must prove an accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt, and significant delays or contradictions in testimonies can undermine a conviction.
Point of Law : Prosecution has failed to prove its case against the accused beyond reasonable doubt - Testimony of prosecutrix is infirm, contradictory and doubtful, which does not inspire confidence....
The prosecution failed to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt due to unexplained delay in FIR and contradictions in testimonies, leading to the acquittal of the accused.
Conviction for rape can rely solely on the prosecutrix's credible testimony, with proper explanation of FIR delay not undermining the prosecution’s case.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that delay in lodging the FIR, material contradictions in evidence, and enmity between the parties can raise doubts about the prosecution's case, a....
The testimony of a minor victim in sexual assault cases is sufficient for conviction if it inspires confidence, without the need for corroboration.
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