IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Tushar Rao Gedela, J.
Central Bank of India – Appellant
Versus
M/s Cosco Blossoms Private Limited & Ors. – Respondents
CM(M) 148 of 2023
Decided On : 15-02-2023
Indian Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 58 - Recall of Witness for Cross-Examination - PW1-Mr. Suresh Goel was permitted to appear before the Trial Court for further cross-examination limited to the letter dated 09.02.2013, with strict directions to ensure that no cross-examination beyond the scope of the said letter is allowed.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner challenged the rejection of the request to recall a witness for further examination in order to confront the witness with a specific letter, arguing that the mere admission of the letter would not suffice and that further examination was necessary to ascertain the truth of the transaction.
Finding of the Court:
The Court allowed the petitioner's request and permitted PW1-Mr. Suresh Goel to appear before the Trial Court for further cross-examination limited to the letter dated 09.02.2013, with strict directions to ensure that no cross-examination beyond the scope of the said letter is allowed.
Issues: The main issue was whether further cross-examination of the witness was necessary to ascertain the truth of the transaction, despite the admission of the letter by the respondent's counsel.
Ratio Decidendi: The Court held that in the interest of justice, the witness should be allowed for further cross-examination limited to the specific letter, with strict directions to ensure that no cross-examination beyond the scope of the said letter is allowed.
Final Decision: The Court directed the Trial Court to ensure that the cross-examination is completed on a specific date and that no further cross-examination will be permitted, and thereafter proceed with the final arguments of the suit. The petition was disposed of with no order as to costs.
JUDGMENT
Tushar Rao Gedela, J. (Oral)
[The proceeding has been conducted through Hybrid mode]
CM APPL. 7580/2023 (Exemption)
1. Exemption allowed subject to all just exceptions.
2. Application stands disposed of.
CM APPL. 7579/2023 (Preponement of hearing)
3. This is an application seeking preponement of hearing.
4. With the consent of the parties, the present petition is taken up for disposal today.
CM APPL. 7578/2023 (For recall of order dated 31.01.2023)
5. This is an application filed under Section 151 CPC on behalf of respondents seeking recall of order dated 31.01.2023 passed by this Court.
6. No orders need to be passed in view of the petition itself being disposed of.
CM(M) 148/2023
7. Petitioner challenges the order dated 20.09.2022 passed in CS No. 56263/2016 tiled "M/S. Cosco Blossoms Pvt. Ltd. & Anr. vs. Central Bank of India", whereby the request of the petitioner to recall Mr. Suresh Goel, that is, PW-1 for further examination in order to enable the petitioner to confront the said witness with the letter dated 09.02.2013, was rejected.
8. The said rejection was on the basis of the statement tendered by the learned counsel appearing for the respondent/plaintiff admitting the said letter on behalf of the respondent/Plaintiff.
9. Mr. Jaswinder Singh, learned counsel for the petitioner submits that a mere admission of the letter dated 09.02.2013 would not suffice inasmuch as, as per the averments contained in the plaint, the respondent has termed the contents of the said letter dated 09.02.2013 as unilateral.
10. Mr. Singh further submits that there would be a requirement of not only confronting the witness with the said letter but issues incidental to the issuance of the letter as well as the subsequent correspondence issued by the petitioner would also need to be confronted to ascertain the truth of the transaction.
11. Per contra, Mr. Wali, learned counsel appearing for the respondent submits that the said document has already been exhibited in the trial as also the statement of the learned counsel was also recorded admitting the said letter on behalf of the respondent. On that basis, Mr. Wali, learned counsel for the respondent, submits that in view of provisions of Section 58 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 and the document being admitted, no purpose would be served by putting the respondent to another round of cross examination.
12. Mr. Wali learned counsel appearing for the respondent also submits that PW1-Mr. Suresh Goel is over 80 years of age and is not in a healthy condition to keep appearing before the Court in person.
13. In view of the aforesaid, this Court is of the considered opinion that interests of justice would be sub-served, if the PW1-Mr. Suresh Goel appears before the learned Trial Court on 27.02.2023, stated to be the date fixed before the learned Trial Court, for further cross examination.
14. The permission so granted for the cross examination would necessarily be limited purely to the letter dated 09.02.2013 and would not go beyond the scope of the said letter.
15. Learned Trial Court is directed to ensure that no cross examination other than that which is strictly required under law for the examination pertaining to the letter dated 09.02.2013 is asked, and any question beyond that may be deleted or disallowed, in the interest of justice.
16. The cross examination will be completed on 27.02.2023 positively and no date for further cross examination will be permitted to any party whatsoever.
17. The learned Trial Court is directed thereafter to proceed in accordance with law, for hearing the final arguments of the suit.
18. In view of above directions, nothing further survives for adjudication, the present petition is disposed of with no order as to costs.
19. The next date fixed i.e. 25.07.2023 stands cancelled.
In cases where the truth of a transaction is at issue, the court may allow further cross-examination of a witness, even if a document has been admitted, to ensure the interests of justice are served.
The denial of an opportunity to cross-examine a witness is a violation of natural justice and could have a deleterious effect on the petitioner's stand before the trial court.
The power to recall a witness under Order 18 Rule 17 CPC is intended to clarify doubts and not to fill omissions in evidence or to allow for further elaboration on left-out issues.
The duty of the court is to take necessary steps to get to the truth of the matter and decide cases based on relevant material, while cautioning against routine use of the power to recall witnesses a....
The right to effective cross-examination is fundamental to a fair trial, and parties must be given adequate opportunities to present their defenses, particularly when prior cross-examinations were in....
The court emphasized that powers under Order 18, Rule 17 CPC cannot be used to fill omissions in previously recorded witness evidence, reaffirming its intended use for clarification only.
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.