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2023 Supreme(Del) 2210

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Gaurang Kanth, J.
Om Prakash Popli & Ors. – Appellants
Versus
Raj Kumari Batra & Ors. – Respondents
RFA 50 of 2015
Decided On : 29-03-2023

Advocates appeared:
Mr. Sandeep Sharma, Mr. Aman Dhyani, Ms. Bandana Kaur Grover and Mr. Kunal Aarora, Advocates for respondent No. 1.
Mr. Shekhar Dasi and Mr. S.K. Gupta, Advocate for respondent No. 2.

Headnote:(A) Indian Succession Act, 1925 - Section 59 and 63 - Partition suit - Validity of a Will executed by the deceased testatrix - Trial Court found Will invalid due to alleged suspicious circumstances; Appellate Court found sufficient evidence to uphold Will's validity - Testatrix's mental capacity not impaired due to age - Previous Wills and intentions of the testatrix considered in evidence. (Paras 32-52)

(B) Legal principles - A Will must be proven like any other document, but the initial burden is on the propounder; if suspicious circumstances exist, the onus shifts to dispel them, which the propounder must sufficiently demonstrate. (Paras 43-51)

Facts of the case:
The suit pertains to a property left by the deceased testatrix, Laxmi Devi, wherein the Appellants claimed rights based on a registered Will dated 24.02.2005, while the Respondent challenged its validity on grounds of alleged suspicious circumstances. (Paras 1-8)

Findings of Court:
The impugned judgment by the Trial Court was overturned; the Appellate Court found the Will to be validly executed and dismissed the suit for partition. (Paras 50-53)

Issues: Whether the Will dated 24.02.2005 is the last and genuine Will of the deceased testatrix and whether Appellants successfully dispelled the alleged suspicious circumstances against its validity. (Paras 33-34)

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that the testatrix's age alone does not invalidate her capacity to make a Will; the evidence suggested no impairments to her mental faculties during execution. (Paras 46-50)

Result: Appeal allowed; the existence and validity of the Will upheld, dismissing the partition suit. (Paras 52-53)

Table of Content
1. factual background regarding the property and will (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
2. court's examination of evidence and issues (Para 14 , 32 , 33 , 34)
3. arguments against the will's validity (Para 15 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 26)
4. summary of judicial findings on will's validity (Para 40 , 41 , 45 , 46)
5. conclusion and order of the court (Para 51 , 52 , 53)

JUDGMENT

Gaurang Kanth, J.

1. The case at hand is a first appeal which has been filed under Section 96 and Order XLI Rule 1 of The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 against the Judgment and preliminary decree dated 11.12.2014, passed by the learned Additional District Judge-06, Central Delhi, wherein the learned Additional District Judge decided the Civil Suit No. 46/11/08 titled as Raj Kumari Batra vs. Om Prakash Popli & Ors. which was a suit for partition and permanent injunction (hereinafter referred to as the "impugned judgment").

2. The appeal arises from a suit brought by Respondent No. 1/Smt. Raj Kumari Batra in the Court of the learned Additional District Judge, Central Delhi, for partition and permanent injunction with respect to the property bearing No. C-II/ 55-56 situated at Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi (hereinafter, referred to as "suit property") upon the death of the mother of the parties Smt. Laxmi Devi (hereinafter referred to as "the deceased testatrix"). Vide the impugned judgment, the learned Trial Court passed a Preliminary Decree of partition by metes and bounds in favour of Respondent No. 1 in respect of the suit property consisting of ground floor, first floor and second floor, except the basement floor to the effect that the parties were entitled to 1/5th share each in the suit property.

FACTS GERMANE FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF THE PRESENT APPEAL ARE AS FOLLOWS:

3. The factual matrix which emerges out of a perusal of the records is that Shri Om Prakash Popli, Shri Rajender Popli and Shri Subhash Chand Popli (hereinafter referred to as "Appellant No. 1, Appellant No. 2 and Appellant No. 3", respectively) and Smt. Raj Kumari Batra and Shri Prem Nath Popli (hereinafter referred to as "Respondent No. 1" and "Respondent No. 2", respectively) were all real siblings born to Late Shri Dayal Chand Ulfat and Late Smt. Laxmi Devi. As per the pleadings of the parties, Appellant Nos. 1, 2 and 3 had been residing in the suit property, whereas Respondent No. 1 was married and residing with her husband in Agra and Respondent No. 2 was a resident of Canada.

4. Late Smt. Laxmi Devi, the mother of the parties, was the owner of the suit property. A perpetual lease deed dated 12.09.1968 had been executed in favour of Smt. Laxmi Devi which was registered with the office of Sub-Registrar, Delhi on 08.01.1969. A Conveyance Deed dated 28.06.2004 was executed in favour of Smt. Laxmi Devi making her the owner of the suit property and this was registered with the concerned sub-Registrar on 01.07.2004.

5. As per Respondent No. 1, her mother had sold the basement floor during her lifetime in pursuance of a Builder Collaboration Agreement and thereafter the entire property was constructed. Upon the death of her mother, Respondent No. 1 had initially filed a suit for partition and Permanent Injunction before the learned Trial Court submitting that Smt. Laxmi Devi had died intestate on 22.04.2008. Respondent No.1 claimed that upon the death of her mother, the suit property devolved upon the parties in equal share, i.e. 1/5th of the suit property apart from the basement floor which had already been sold.

6. The claims of Respondent No. 1 were refuted by the Appellants in their joint Written Statement where they claimed that the deceased Smt. Laxmi Devi had executed a duly registered Will dated 24.02.2005 during her lifetime whereby she had bequeathed the entire first floor portion of the suit property to Appellant No. 3 and the second floor of the suit property was bequeathed in favour of Appellant Nos. 1 and 2 to the extent of the portions occupied by them.

7. It was the case of

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