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2023 Supreme(Del) 5577

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Navin Chawla, J.
The New India Assurance Co. Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Archna Deo & Ors. - Respondents
MAC.APP. 92 of 2016 & CM APPL. 41416 of 2023
Decided On : 10-11-2023

Advocates appeared:
Mr.JPN Shahi, Advocate, for the Appellant.
Mr.Vijay Pal Singh & Mr.Yogesh Kumar, Advocates, for the Respondent-1 to 5.

IMPORTANT POINT
The main legal point established in the judgment is the interpretation of established income, future prospects, and entitlement to compensation for non-pecuniary heads in motor accident compensation cases.

Headnote:

Motor Accident - Compensation - National Insurance Company Limited v. Pranay Sethi and Others (2017) 16 SCC 680 - The court discussed the compensation awarded for loss of dependency, future prospects, non-pecuniary heads, and rate of interest. The judgment highlighted the interpretation of established income and tax component, future prospects based on age and employment status, and the entitlement to compensation for non-pecuniary heads.

Fact of the Case:

The appeal challenged the Award passed by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, which awarded compensation to the claimants for the death of the deceased in a road accident. The appellant contended that the deceased also contributed to the accident and challenged the assessment of the deceased's income, future prospects, and non-pecuniary heads.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the accident occurred due to the offending vehicle being driven in a rash and negligent manner, rejecting the appellant's challenge. The court modified the assessment of the deceased's income, future prospects, and non-pecuniary heads based on legal principles established in previous judgments.

Issues: The issues included the contribution of the deceased to the accident, assessment of the deceased's income, future prospects, non-pecuniary heads, and rate of interest.

Ratio Decidendi: The court applied the legal principle that established income means income minus the tax component and determined future prospects based on the deceased's age and employment status. The court also relied on previous judgments to modify the assessment of non-pecuniary heads and rate of interest.

Final Decision: The court disposed of the appeal and directed the release of the modified compensation amount to the claimants and the appellant.

JUDGMENT

Navin Chawla, J. (Oral) - This appeal has been filed challenging the Award dated 08.10.2015 (hereinafter referred to as the `Impugned Award') passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Dwarka Courts, New Delhi (hereinafter referred to as the `Tribunal') in MACP No. 60/14/12 titled Smt. Archna Deo & Ors. v. Panna Lal & Ors., and the Order Dated 19.11.2015 correcting some typographical errors in the said Award.

2. Before the learned Tribunal, it was the case of the claimants, that is the respondent nos.1 to 5 herein, that on 13/14.10.2012, the deceased was coming back to Delhi from Punjab along with Sh. Harish Kumar, Baljinder Singh, and Tufan Singh in an Innova Car bearing registration no. DL-4CAE-8650, which was being driven by the deceased himself. As the car reached at Jhattipur, Police Station Samalkha (Haryana) near Lepra Harbal Factory, a Canter bearing registration no. HR-58-1237 (hereinafter referred to as the `Offending Vehicle'), being driven by the respondent no.6 herein, Sh.Panna Lal, came from behind at a very high speed and in a rash and negligent manner and overtook the car of the deceased. All of a sudden it stopped in front of the car of the deceased without giving any indication, due to which the car hit the Offending Vehicle from behind and the deceased suffered fatal injuries.

3. The learned Tribunal, in its Impugned Award, has held that the respondent nos.1 to 5 have been able to prove that the accident had occurred due to the Offending Vehicle being driven in a rash and negligent manner. As per the corrected Award, it has awarded the following compensation in favour of respondent nos.1 to 5:

S.No.HEADAMOUNT1Loss of dependence (Rs.6,86,401x14)Rs.96,09,614/- 2Loss of love and affection to children (1,00,000x3)Rs.3,00,000/- 3Loss of Love and affection towards Parent 50,000x1Rs.50,000/- 4For funeral expensesRs.25,000/- 5Loss of estateRs.1,00,000/- 6Loss of consortiumRs.1,00,000/- TOTALRs.1,01,84,614/-

CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE

4. The learned counsel for the appellant challenges the Impugned Award by contending that the learned Tribunal has failed to appreciate that the deceased had also contributed to the accident. He submits that, in fact, it was the deceased who overtook the Offending Vehicle, driving his car in a rash and negligent manner.

5. The learned counsel for the appellant, however, fairly admits that the driver of the Offending Vehicle, that is, the respondent no.6 herein, did not enter the witness box to explain the manner of the accident.

6. On the other hand, the claimants, that is the respondent nos.1 to 5 herein, produced Sh.Krishan Kumar as PW-1, who was also travelling in the car along with the deceased, and who stated that it was the Offending Vehicle that overtook the Innova car at a high speed and immediately thereafter applied sudden brakes resulting in the accident. The said witness was not cross-examined by the driver or the owner of the Offending Vehicle, but was cross-examined only by the learned counsel for the appellant. In his cross-examination, he denied the suggestion that the accident had taken place due to the negligence of the deceased.

7. In the absence of any evidence to the contrary, therefore, the finding of the learned Tribunal that the accident had taken place only due to the Offending Vehicle being driven in a rash and negligent manner by the respondent no.6 herein, cannot be faulted. I, therefore, find no merit in the challenge raised by the appellant to the Impugned Award on this account. Accordingly, the same is rejected.

INCOME OF THE DECEASED

8. The next challenge of the appellant to the Impugned Award is on the assessment of the Income of the deceased. The learned counsel for the appellant, drawing reference of this Court to the Income Tax Return (in short, `ITR') of the deceased for the assessment year 2012-13 (Ex.PW-2/1), submits that the said return shows the gross income of the deceased as Rs.7,04,001/-. On the above income, the deceased was to pay tax

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