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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
V. Kameswar Rao, J.
Oyo Hotels and Homes Pvt. Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Rajan Tewari - Respondent
Arb.P. 424 of 2020
Decided On : 09-02-2021




An arbitrator's appointment must adhere to the agreed procedure; failure to do so renders the appointment invalid under Section 11(6) of the Arbitration Act.

Headnote:(A) Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 - Section 11(6) - Appointment of Sole Arbitrator - Petitioner sought appointment of Sole Arbitrator due to alleged non-compliance with arbitration clause by respondents, who appointed an Arbitrator without mutual consent, hence the appointment was deemed non-est. (Paras 23, 27, 31)

(B) Legal Principles - The court held that the appointment of an arbitrator contrary to the agreed procedure is invalid and must be ignored, affirming the party's right to seek court intervention under Section 11 when the procedure for appointment is not followed. (Paras 27, 30)

Facts of the case:
The petition was brought by a company against joint owners of property after disputes arose under a Lease Deed concerning the appointment of an Arbitrator and breach of obligations stated in the Lease. The petitioner invoked force majeure due to pandemic-related issues affecting the hospitality sector.

Findings of Court:
The court found the prior appointment of an Arbitrator by the respondents invalid due to lack of consent from the petitioner and appointed a new Arbitrator.

Issues: The key issue was whether the appointment of the learned arbitrator varied from the stipulations in the contract.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that without mutual agreement in the appointment of the arbitrator, the court retained the authority under Section 11(6) to appoint an appropriate arbitrator.

Result: Petition allowed; Justice S.P. Garg appointed as Sole Arbitrator.

Table of Content
1. company-petitioner enters lease agreement. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. alleged breach of lease conditions. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
3. respondents' contested arguments on maintainability. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22)
4. court's analysis of arbitrator's appointment validity. (Para 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30)
5. court appoints new sole arbitrator. (Para 31 , 32 , 33)

JUDGMENT

V. Kameswar Rao, J. This present petition has been filed under Section 11 (6) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (`Act', for short) with the following prayers:

    "It is most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court may be pleased to:

    (i) appoint a Sole Arbitrator to adjudicate the claims of the Petitioner in accordance with the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 as amended;

    (ii) declare that Hon'ble Justice Aruna Suresh (retired) has no jurisdiction to adjudicate the disputes between the parties;

    (iii) Award costs of this Petition in favour of the Petitioner and against the Respondent;

    (iv) Pass such other and further order(s) as this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper in the facts and circumstances of the present case."

2. The petitioner herein is a company incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 and having its registered office at Ground Floor-001, Mauryansh Elanza, Shyamai Cross Road, Nr. Parekh Hospital, Satellite Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380015 (formerly known as Alcott Town Planners Pvt. Ltd.).

3. The respondents herein are the joint owners of the premises/property situated at 3/16, Main Shankar Road, Old Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi (`Premises', for short).

4. It is the case of the petitioner and so contended by Mr. Jeevan Ballav Panda, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner that the petitioner and respondents entered into a Lease Deed dated May 27, 2019 (`Lease Deed', for short) in respect of the Premises.

5. Pursuant to the execution of the Lease Deed, petitioner started fulfilling the obligations contained thereunder on the assumption that the respondents will also do the same and even disbursed an amount of Rs.3,32,000/- to the respondents in order to expedite the refurbishment and upgradation of the Premises to make it at par with the petitioner's benchmark.

6. Thereafter it took over the Premises and started using the same for the purposes of its commercial activities as laid down in the Lease Deed. In the wake of the corona virus pandemic, the entire hospitality sector faced huge financial setback and on account of the same, the petitioner sought to invoke the force majeure clause in the Lease Deed vide email dated March 27, 2020.

7. He stated that after detailed discussion with the representatives of the petitioner, the respondents while agreeing to the invocation of the force majeure clause agreed to amend the commercial understanding between the parties in the interim.

8. Mr. Panda submitted that the respondents were in breach in terms of Clause 11.2.1 of the Lease Deed, which obligated the respondents to obtain as well as maintain all requisite building approvals required for running the Premises as a commercial establishment for the purposes as laid down in the Lease Deed. It is submitted by him that even after repeated communications and grant of time as sought by the respondents, the respondents failed to furnish the complete set of documents as mandated under Clause 11.2.1 of the Lease Deed.

9. That while attempts were being made to get the breach of Clause 11.2.1 cured, the respondents suddenly and to the complete shock and dismay of the petitioner, issued a letter date June 03, 2020 demanding a sum of money by misrepresenting the clauses of the Lease Deed.

10. Thereafter, the respondents, vide notice dated June 23, 2020, invoked arbitration clause citing the existence of disputes between the parties arising under the Lease Deed and nominated a learned Retd. Judge of this Court as the sole Arbitrator to adjudicate the disputes between the par

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