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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Vipin Sanghi, Jasmeet Singh, JJ.
Ajay Dubey - Appellant
Versus
Annapurna - Respondent
MAT.APP.(F.C.) 87 of 2021
Decided On : 15-09-2021




A court cannot raise a lack of territorial jurisdiction if it previously accepted jurisdiction without objection from either party, aiming to facilitate resolution of matrimonial disputes.

Headnote:(A) Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 - Section 13-B - Divorce by mutual consent - The challenge is against the Family Court's dismissal of the Second Motion Petition for divorce due to alleged lack of territorial jurisdiction, despite having previously accepted jurisdiction for the First Motion - The Family Court failed to recognize the appellant's residence within its jurisdiction and the legal consistency of handling both motions in the same proceeding - Courts must prioritize substance over form to further amicable resolutions in matrimonial disputes. (Paras 10-14)

(B) Family Court Jurisdiction - An objection to territorial jurisdiction must be raised at the earliest opportunity and cannot be later introduced by the court when circumstances do not warrant it - Dismissal based on hyper-technicalities undermines the essence of family law proceedings. (Paras 12-14)

Table of Content
1. jurisdiction of family court. (Para 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. arguments on jurisdiction objection. (Para 3 , 8 , 9)
3. family court's failure to apply jurisdiction. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 14)
4. territorial jurisdiction rules explained. (Para 13)
5. appeal allowed; orders restored. (Para 15 , 16)

JUDGMENT

Vipin Sanghi, J. (ORAL)--At the outset, learned counsel for the appellant states that the respondent is also present with him during the virtual hearing in his office. She has also appeared.

2. The present appeal is directed against the orders dated 08.10.2020 and 19.11.2020 passed by Ms. Ruby Alka Gupta, learned Single Judge, Family Court, East District, Karkardooma Courts, Delhi in HMA 1701/2020 jointly preferred by the parties under Section 13-b of the HINDU MARRIAGE ACT , 1955 to seek Divorce by mutual consent. The impugned orders were passed by the Family Court while dealing with the Second Motion Petition under Section 13B(2). The First Motion Petition under Section 13B(1) had been entertained and allowed by the same Family Court vide order dated 13.12.2019.

3. The two impugned orders read as follows:-

    "08.10.2020

    File perused.

    As per jurisdiction para noted in the petition, the present court does not have jurisdiction. Ld. Counsel seeks time to move an amendment application.

    Matter be listed for further proceedings on 19.11.2020.

    19.11.2020

    No amendment application has been filed. Sh. Pradeep Kumar Yadav, Ld. Counsel for petitioner no. 2 states that there is no need for amendment application. It is stated that this is a petition of second motion and follows the petition for the first motion and therefore it need not specify how this court has jurisdiction.

    The present petition states in para 23 "that the petitioners submit that the Hon'ble court has the jurisdiction to entertain and try this petitioner". The petition does not give to the court any ground whatsoever on which the present court is stated to have jurisdiction. As regards the contentions of Mr. Pradeep Kumar Yadav, every petition stands on its own legs. Since both the Ld. Counsel are unwilling to amend the present petition and the present petition, as it stands today, does not tell the court how the court has jurisdiction, the court is constrained to dismiss the present petition.

    Present petition thus stands dismissed. File be consigned to record room."

4. The submission of learned counsel for the appellant is that the appellant/ Ajay Dubey is residing at House No. 610, Top Floor, G.D. Colony, Mayur Vihar, Phase-3, New Delhi-110096, which falls within the territorial jurisdiction of the Family Court concerned. He submits that while moving the First Motion Petition, an error had crept in the para relating to the territorial jurisdiction of the Family Court.

5. Learned counsel for the appellant has shared the First Motion Petition during the hearing of this appeal. The said relevant para of the First Motion Petition, being paragraph No. 21, reads as follows:

    "21. That the marriage was solemnised at Railway colony, Rafiganj, Bihar and lastly cohabited at but petitioners No. 2 is residing at Shweta PG, Rjiva Nagar, Gurgaon presently within the legal limits of the ordinary original Jurisdiction of this Hon'ble Court. Thus, the Hon'ble Court has jurisdiction to try this petition."

6. Learned counsel submits that the Family Court, considering the fact that the appellant is residing within the territorial jurisdiction of the said Family Court, assumed jurisdiction and allowed the First Motion Petition on 13.12.2019. No objection to the territorial jurisdiction was raised - either by the parties, or by the Court.

7. The parties thereafter moved the Second Motion Petition, and the same error crept into the Second Motion Petition, inasmuch, as, with regard to the territorial jurisdiction, it was stated in para 22 as follows:-

    "22. That the marriage was solemnised at Railway colony, Rafiganj, Bihar and lastly cohabited at but petitioners No. 2 is resi

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