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2012 Supreme(Gau) 850

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI (AGARTALA BENCH)
Subhasis Talapatra, J.
Partha Sharathi Baidya & Anr. – Appellants
Vs.
State of Tripura – Respondent
Crl. Pet. No. 28 of 2011
Decided On: 20.07.2012

Advocates Appeared:
For Appellant/Petitioner/Plaintiff: Mr. B.N. Majumder & Mr. D. Saha
For Respondents/Defendant: Mr. A. Ghosh, Addl. PP

Headnote:

Criminal Procedure Code – Section 239, 240, 173, 161, 195, 199 – Indian Penal Code - Section 379, 500, 406 – Quash of Criminal Procedure - Punishment for criminal breach of trust - Prosecution against petitioners herein was launched at instance of one who filed an ejahar to the Officer- in-charge Police Station, alleging amongst other things that the petitioners and their relative, one fell down and had stolen away two Gamai trees from his land. The land from where those two trees were allegedly taken away was, in the occupation of the informant and was duly parted by the original owner - Petitioners and kept said trees in the house of one of the locality - Informant also suspected involvement of that Swapan Ghosh in the alleged incident of theft - informant assessed the value of the trees at Rs.1,000/- approximately. On the basis of the said ejahar P.S. Case, under Sections 379 of IPC was registered. After investigation, the charge sheet was filed on having a prima facie case against the petitioners. The Investigating Officer, who filed the charge sheet, stated in the brief fact of the case that in course of investigation the previous IO also issued a letter to the Forest Range Officerto furnish the details regarding some wooden logs which were seized - Place of occurrence of the case. – Held, sufficient materials to hold that petitioners caused felling of two gamai trees standing on the land, which was under contract of sale in favour of the complainant and those gamai trees were taken to the house who confirmed such story. The other witnesses though heard from the complainant but they have given some materials which may definitely be used for establishing the charge and those trees were seized by the Forest Range Officer who corroborated the seizure of the gamai trees from area - Statement are revealing involvement of the petitioners. Court is of the considered opinion that there are materials for framing the charge against the petitioners under Section 379 of IPC – Court cannot hold that unless the order framing the charge under Section 379 of IPC is quashed there would be glaring abuse of justice mechanism or there would be possibility of sheer miscarriage of justice inasmuch as it is apparent that from the nature of evidence as recorded by the police or the documents produced before the Court which ex facie disclosed that there are suspicious circumstances against the accused petitioners so as to frame the charge against them. In view of this, no case has been made warranting interference from this Court and accordingly the petition as filed under Section 482 Cr. P.C. stands dismissed - Petition dismissed.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - (!) High Court recognizes inherent powers under CrPC 482 to prevent abuse of process or secure ends of justice, independent of express provisions. - (!) In Krishnan (supra) and related discussions, State’s right to revise under Section 401 may interplay with 397(3) bar; however, inherent powers may be invoked to prevent miscarriage of justice in appropriate cases. - (!) Inherent powers are to be exercised sparingly and to address abuse of process or miscarriage of justice, not as a routine substitute for appellate/revisional remedies. - (!) The Sessions Court’s reasons and the Magistrate’s framing of charge are reviewable for legality and propriety; framing of charge under Section 379 IPC requires there be ground for presuming the accused committed an offence triable under Chapter XII. - (!) (!) If there is ground for presuming the accused committed an offence, the Magistrate shall frame a charge in writing; otherwise discharge under Sections 239/240 CrPC with reasons. - (!) (!) Discharge under 239 and framing under 240 are based on examination of materials on record and evidence; the test is whether there are grounds for presuming the offence.

What is the scope and proper exercise of the High Court’s inherent powers under CrPC 482 in quashing charges or proceedings when a revision under CrPC 397/401 has been dismissed or is not maintainable?

What is the test to determine whether there are grounds for framing a charge under Section 379 IPC at the pre-trial stage, and when may a Magistrate or Sessions Court exercise power to frame or discharge?

How should a court balance the bar on successive revisions (Section 397(3)) with the High Court’s inherent power to prevent abuse of process and secure ends of justice?


JUDGMENT

S. Talapatra, J.

1. By this petition filed under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as CrPC), the order dated 16.07.2011 as passed by the learned Sessions Judge, West Tripura, Agartala in Criminal Revision No. 21 (3) of 2010, whereby the challenge as projected against the order for framing of charge against the petitioners was shot down. The prosecution against the petitioners herein was launched at the instance of one Kshirmohan Debnath who filed an ejahar to the Officer- in-charge, East Agartala Police Station, alleging amongst other things that the petitioners and their relative, one Sajal Sarkar fell down and had stolen away two Gamai trees from his land. The land from where those two trees were allegedly taken away was, in the occupation of the informant and was duly parted by the original owner. Thereafter, the petitioners and that Sajal Sarkar kept the said trees in the house of one Swapan Ghosh of the locality. The informant also suspected involvement of that Swapan Ghosh in the alleged incident of theft. The informant assessed the value of the trees at Rs.1,000/- approximately. On the basis of the said ejahar dated 28.07.2008, East Agartala P.S. Case No. 115/08, under Sections 379 of IPC was registered. After investigation, the charge sheet was filed on having a prima facie case against the petitioners. The Investigating Officer, who filed the charge sheet, stated in the brief fact of the case that in course of investigation the previous IO also issued a letter to the Forest Range Officer, Sadar, to furnish the details regarding some wooden logs which were seized from Baldakhal, the place of occurrence of the case. The Forest Range Officer intimated that as no claimant appeared before them, the Forest Department confiscated the same. The previous IO also examined and recorded the statement of the Forest Range Officer. The charge sheet was filed vide East Agartala P.S. C/S. No. 32/ 2009, dated 07.03.2009 under Section 379 of IPC against the present petitioners by the Investigating Officer who completed the further investigation. The other accused person was not sent up for trial as no materials were available against him during the investigation. On taking cognizance, the case was taken up for framing of charge. On 30.03.2010, the said Judicial Magistrate took up the matter for hearing on framing of the charge. In the hearing, learned defence counsel raised a question that the informant was not the owner of the land at the relevant point of time and no possession was not taken by the informant from the original land owner. He further submitted that there is no eye witness of the alleged occurrence. The Judicial Magistrate discarded the said contention holding that there is no legal requirement that only the registered owner can lodge the ejahar unless the alleged offence is covered by the provisions of Sections 195 to 199 of Cr. P.C. Relevant part of the observations of the Judicial Magistrate is excerpted hereunder:

In the said statement recorded under Section 161, Cr. P.C. of the original land owner. Keshab Ghosh, I find that the said witness categorically stated that before selling his land, he has not sold out the 2(two) trees in question to anybody. The other witnesses, in their statements recorded under Section 161, Cr. P.C., though have stated that the original land owner sold out the 2 (two) trees In question for Rs.1,100/- to the accused persons, but in my opinion, at this stage there is no evidence before the court to rely on the statements given either by the said witnesses or by the original land owner. This observation also applied to the contention raised by Ld. Defence Counsel that the seized goods do not tally with the statement of the complainant given in the FIR. It would be pertinent to add here that the letter addressed to the O.C., East Agartala PS by the Forest Range Officer. Sadar Range, Agartala, as present in the case record, does not mention anyt


























































































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