GAUHATI HIGH COURT
N.Surjamani Singh, J.
Niren Sarma and Other -Appellant
Versus
State of Assam (CBI) -Respondent
Criminal Revision No. 271 of 1991
Decided On : 09-02-1998
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE - SECTION 223(D) - ARMS ACT - SECTION 25 - EXPLOSIVES SUBSTANCES ACT - SECTION 5 - JOINT TRIAL - CHARGING OF ACCUSED PERSONS - SUFFICIENCY OF EVIDENCE - INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 223(D) - CONSIDERATION OF MATERIALS BY TRIAL JUDGE - EVALUATION OF EVIDENCE AND DOCUMENTS - PRESUMPTION OF GUILT - APPLICATION OF LEGAL PRINCIPLES.
Fact of the Case:
Three accused petitioners challenged a Sessions Judge's order framing charges against them for murder, conspiracy, and possession of arms and explosives. The petitioners argued that there was insufficient evidence to link them to the crimes and that the trial should be quashed.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the Sessions Judge had properly considered the materials and evidence before him and found sufficient grounds to presume that the accused persons had committed the alleged offenses. The court also held that the accused persons could be charged and tried jointly as they were accused of different offenses committed in the course of the same transaction.
Issues: 1. Whether there was sufficient evidence to link the accused petitioners to the crimes charged? 2. Whether the trial should be quashed due to lack of evidence?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court applied the principles of law laid down in Superintendent and Remembrancer of Legal Affairs, West Bengal vs. Anil Kumar Bhunja & others (AIR 1980 SC 52) and Shivnarayan Laxminarayan Joshi & others vs. State of Maharashtra & others (AIR 1980 SC 439) to hold that at the stage of framing charges, the prosecution evidence does not commence and the trial judge or magistrate must consider the materials placed before them by the investigating officer. 2. The court also applied the principles of law laid down in Niranjan Singh Karan Singh Punjabi, Advocate vs. Jitendra Bhimraj Bijja & others (AIR 1990 SC 1962) to hold that the court may shift the evidence at the sections 227-228 stage to find out if the facts emerging therefrom taken at their face value disclose the existence of all the ingredients constituting the alleged offense.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the revision petition and affirmed the impugned order passed by the Sessions Judge, Shillong in Sessions Cases No. 1 of 1989.
2. Due to infiltration of refugees from Bangladesh into the State of Assam, there was great resentment by the people of Assam particularly the different student associations/organisations. The All Assam Students Union called bandhs, hartals and picketings and demanded deportation of refugees and foreign nationals. On 18.1.80, a large picketing was organised in Duliajan in the district of Dibrugarh and the police resorted to firing where students were killed and many others injured. The students were of the view that Mr. Parthasarathy, Commissioner of Upper Assam Division, Jorhat, was responsible for Duliajan firing. According to the prosecution, Shri Abhijit Sarma, the present petitioner No. 2 issued a statement through local newspaper demanding judicial-enquiry against the Commissioner, Mr. Parthasarathy in connection with the North Lakhimpur GR Case No.25 (S) 81, where one Shri Gagan Dutta was arrested and a diary was recovered from his possession which indicated that the students blamed all non-Assamese Administrative Officers responsible for the said incident. During the investigation, it is revealed that the present petitioners along with other 4 (four) persons had been meeting together and making plan for elimination of Mr. Parthasarathy and further., the said accused persons have been found procuring arms, ammunition and explosives and on 5.4.81, the accused persons planted a hand grenade to be operated for explosion through a special device in the chair of Mr. Parthasarathy and, on 6.4.81, when the said Mr. Parthasarathy came to office and occupied the chair, the grenade exploded resulting to his ultimate death. During the investigation, it is alleged that cogent and reliable evidence have been found pin-pointing the active participation of the above named accused persons in the commission of the crime. After the investigation is over, the accused persons including the present 3 (three) petitioners have been charge-sheeted under section 120B read with section 302IPC and section 5 of the Expolsives Substances Act. Two separate charge sheets have also been filed against the accused Pradip Hazarika and Niren Sarma (petitioner No. 1) for committing the offence punishable under section 25 of the Arms Act. Both the cases aroses in the State of Assam but the trial is/was taken up in the Court of Sessions Judge at Shillong under the Order of the Hon' ble Supreme Court of India. After the commitment, the accused persons including the present 3 (three) petitioners appeared before the Court of the Sessions Judge at Shillong and made a prayer for discharging them from the charges levelled against them.
3. According to the defence, the present petitioner No. 1 Shri Niren Sarma was charge-sheeted separately under section 25 of the Arms Act and the said case is to be tried by a competent Magistrate and not by the Sessions Judge and the alleged unlawful possession of the arms has nothing to do with the killing of Mr. Parthasarathy so as to form the same transaction and, as such, there cannot be a joint trial of the case under section 25 of the Arms Act with the main case of murder under section 302 of the IPC.
4. It is also the case of the defence that, though the charge sheet was submitted as against the petitioner No.l (Niren Sarma) under section 25 of the Arms Act, nothing was recovered from him and that, though the present 3 (three) accused petitioners were charge-sheeted by the CBI alongwith the others under section 302 read with section 120B of the IPC and section 5 of the Explosives Substances Act, no explosives substances were recovered from anyone of them and, as such, there is no material on record for framing charges against these
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