The common issue raised in this batch of writ petitions is as to whether admission of students to Class V or Class VIII, as the case may be, can be made in the respective Lower Primary Schools (with Class I to IV) and Upper Primary Schools (with Class V to VII) for the academic year 2018-19, despite the fact that in notification No.NS(3)/21147/2016/DPI dated 19.05.2017 issued by the Director of Public Instructions, Kerala educational need was found only in Ward No.2 of Cherekkad in Kunnamangalam Panchayat for Class I to V, and in Ward No.12 of Kunnankattupathy in Kozhinjampara Panchayat and Ward No.2 of Perunadu in Perunadu Panchayat for Class V, in the school mapping conducted in terms of the provisions under the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (for brevity 'the Right to Education Act') and also the Rules made thereunder, i.e., the Kerala Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules, 2011 (for brevity 'the Kerala Rules'). The writ petitions are filed either by the Manager of the respective Lower Primary/Upper Primary Schools or by the Parent-Teacher Association/student of those schools.

2. The petitioners have mainly sought for a w