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2025 Supreme(Ker) 1360

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM 
MURALI PURUSHOTHAMAN, J.
Sandhya W/o Padmakumar - Appellant
Versus
Thrivedi Babu - Respondent
M.A.C.A. No. 1505 of 2016
Decided On : 19-05-2025


Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : P. Ravindra Nath, Imam Grigorios Karat, N. Krishna Prasad
For the Respondent: V.K. Sunil

The court recalibrated compensation for loss of earnings and permanent disability based on updated notional income and appropriate multipliers, emphasizing just and reasonable compensation.

Headnote:

(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Sections 166 and 168 - Claim for compensation due to motor vehicle accident - Appellant sought enhancement of compensation awarded by the Tribunal - The Tribunal found the accident was due to the negligence of the second respondent, awarding Rs. 11,93,700/- with 7.5% interest - Appellant's claim for loss of earnings and permanent disability recalculated based on notional income - The court re-fixed the notional income and multiplier for calculating compensation. (Paras 8, 11, 13, 15)

(B) Compensation - The court emphasized that compensation must be just and reasonable, taking into account the nature of injuries and permanent disability sustained by the claimant. (Paras 12, 16)

Facts of the case:
The appellant, a housewife and LIC agent, sustained serious injuries in a collision caused by the negligent driving of the second respondent, leading to multiple surgeries and permanent disability. She claimed Rs. 46,95,000/- as compensation. (Paras 2, 3)

Findings of Court:
The court found the compensation awarded by the Tribunal under various heads to be inadequate and recalculated the amounts, awarding an additional Rs. 78,400/- to the appellant. (Paras 8, 16)

Issues: The main issues included the determination of the correct notional income for loss of earnings and the appropriate multiplier for calculating permanent disability compensation. (Paras 11, 13)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the notional income for a homemaker should be re-evaluated based on prevailing standards, and the multiplier for permanent disability should reflect the claimant's age and circumstances. (Paras 11, 13)

Result: Appeal allowed in part, with enhanced compensation awarded.

JUDGMENT :

1. The appellant is the claimant in O.P. (MV) No. 526/2006 on the files of the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal, North Paravur. The respondents in the original petition are the respondents in this appeal as well. Aggrieved by the amount of compensation awarded by the Tribunal, the appellant has preferred this appeal.

2. Before the Tribunal, the appellant contended that on 17.10.2005 at around 3:30 p.m., while her husband Padmakumar was driving a Maruti Omni van along the Alappuzha- Kollam National Highway with her and their two children, an Indigo car driven by the 2nd respondent collided with their van near Maruthamukku, causing them serious injuries. The appellant alleged that the accident occurred due to the rash and negligent driving of the car by the 2nd respondent which is owned by the Chief Conservator (Development), Forest Headquarters the 1st respondent, and insured with the District Insurance Officer, Kerala State Insurance Department, the 3rd respondent. Accordingly, it was contended that respondents 1 to 3 are jointly and severally liable to compensate the appellant for the personal injuries sustained in the accident.

3. The appellant was a 36-year-old housewife who also worked as an LIC agent, at the time of accident. According to her, she was earning an income of Rs. 7,500/- per month. As a result of the accident, she sustained multiple injuries, including serious trauma to her right hip region. She suffered a pelvic fracture, dislocation of the right hip, and a comminuted fracture of the right femoral shaft. Due to these injuries, she experienced shortening of the right leg. She was treated as an inpatient at Amrita Hospital, Ernakulam, where she underwent multiple surgeries. She claimed a total compensation of Rs. 46,95,000/- under various heads. The husband of the appellant and the two minor children filed separate claim petitions.

4. Respondents 1 and 2 filed written statements contending that there was no negligence on the part of the 2nd respondent, and that the accident occurred due to the rash and negligent driving of the van by the appellant's husband. Therefore, they contended that, the respondents are not liable to pay any compensation to the appellant. It was also contended that the compensation claimed under various heads is excessive, exorbitant, and exaggerated.

5. The 3rd respondent insurer filed a written statement largely in conformity with the contentions of respondents 1 and 2. It was contended that the compensation claimed under various heads is excessive and exorbitant, and prayed for dismissal of the claim petition.

6. The Tribunal ordered joint trial of all the four original petitions. Evidence was adduced in OP (MV) No. 527/2006 filed by the appellant's husband.

7. The Tribunal found that the accident happened due to the negligence on the part of the 2nd respondent, the driver of the car.

8. The Tribunal, by common award, found that the appellant is entitled to get Rs.11,93,700/- (Rupees eleven lakhs ninety three thousand and seven hundred only) as compensation with 7.5% interest from the date of original petition, ie. from 11.07.2006, till realisation and proportionate cost of Rs.30,000/-. The Tribunal also found that respondents 1 to 3 are jointly and severally liable for the amount of compensation, along with interest and proportionate costs. The 3rd respondent insurance company was made liable to indemnify the 1st respondent/insured.

9. The compensation awarded by the Tribunal under different heads is as follows:-

S. No.Head of claim (Rs)Amount claimed (Rs.)Amount awarded (Rs.)
ALoss of earnings18000042000
BTransportation expenses10000025000
CDamage to clothings50001000
DTreatment expenses900000743100
EFuture treatment100000050000
FBystander expensesNil6000
GExtra nourishment100005000
HPain and sufferings80000060000
ILoss of amenities of life, discomforts and inconvenience caused50000060000
JPermanent disability1200000201600
TotalRs.4,695,000.001193700

The appellant seeks enhancement of the quan

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