SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

1977 Supreme(Raj) 26

High Court Of Rajasthan
Judgename : Rajindar Sachar,R.L. Gupta
Kesari Lal - Appellant
Versus
Sub-divisional Officer, Ramgajmandi - Respondent
Civil Writ Petition No. 1096 of 1976
Decided On : 03/10/1977

Advocates:
Appearance :
C.K. Garg, for the Appellant
G.G. Sharma, for the State

The ceiling area is to be determined with reference to a fixed date and cannot continue to vary. A fiction has been created and therefore the date cannot be advanced beyond the notified date by the fortuitous circumstance of the death of a person.

Headnote:

CEILING AREA - RAJASTHAN TENANCY ACT, 1955 - SECTION 30-C, 30-E - INTERPRETATION - CEILING AREA TO BE DETERMINED WITH REFERENCE TO NOTIFIED DATE - DEATH OF LANDHOLDER AFTER NOTIFIED DATE - NO VARIATION IN CEILING AREA - SURPLUS AREA TO BE DETERMINED WITH RESPECT TO NOTIFIED DATE ONLY.

Fact of the Case:

Petitioners challenged the Board of Revenue's judgment against proceedings under the ceiling law initiated against Smt. Chandrakanta under Chapter III-B of the Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 (old law). The land was recorded in the name of Smt. Gulab Bai, who adopted Govindlal, son of petitioner No. 1. After the death of Smt. Gulab Bai, the land was recorded in the name of Govindlal and after his death, in the name of Smt. Chandrakanta, who was recorded as the Khatedar tenant. Notices were issued to her, and the petitioners joined the proceedings, claiming one-fourth share in favor of each of the three petitioners and one-fourth share in favor of Bam Narain, another son of Kesharilal. The authorities concluded that the land belonged to Smt. Chandrakanta based on the entry in her name as a Khatedar tenant and determined the surplus area accordingly.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the finding of fact by the authorities below that the land was in the Khatedari of Smt. Chandrakanta could not be interfered with. The court also held that the ceiling area was to be determined with reference to April 1, 1966, the notified date under Section 30-E of the old law, and not with respect to the date of Smt. Chandrakanta's death. The court further held that the direction of the Board of Revenue to start proceedings under the escheat Act was not understandable and could not be upheld.

Issues: 1. Whether the finding of fact by the authorities below that the land was in the Khatedari of Smt. Chandrakanta could be interfered with. 2. Whether the ceiling area was to be determined with reference to April 1, 1966, the notified date under Section 30-E of the old law, or with respect to the date of Smt. Chandrakanta's death. 3. Whether the direction of the Board of Revenue to start proceedings under the escheat Act was valid.

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the finding of fact by the authorities below that the land was in the Khatedari of Smt. Chandrakanta could not be interfered with as it was a finding of fact and not open to reopening in the present proceedings. 2. The court held that the ceiling area was to be determined with reference to April 1, 1966, the notified date under Section 30-E of the old law, and not with respect to the date of Smt. Chandrakanta's death. The court reasoned that the notified date was a fixed date and could not be advanced beyond the notified date by the fortuitous circumstance of the death of a person. 3. The court held that the direction of the Board of Revenue to start proceedings under the escheat Act was not understandable and could not be upheld as the petitioners had already been recognized as the legal representatives of the deceased Chandrakanta in proceedings under the Escheat Act.

Final Decision: The court dismissed the writ petition with regard to the Board's decision, except for the direction to start proceedings under the escheat Act, which was set aside.

Judgment Rajindar Sachar, J.-This petition has been filed against the judgment of the Board of Revenue against the proceedings under ceiling law which were started against one Smt. Chandrakanta under Chapter 111-B added to the Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 (hereinafter to be called the ‘old law).

2. Theland was originally recorded in the name of one Smt. Gulab Bai, who had adopted Govindlal, son of petitioner No. 1. After the death of Smt. Gulab Bai, the land was recorded in the name of Govindlal and after his death, in the name of Smt. Chandrakanta, who was recorded as the Khatedar tenant. Since she was holding the land in excess of the ceiling area, notices were issued to her and the present petitioners joined the proceedings and claimed one-fourth share in favour of each of the three petitioners and one-fourth share in favour of Bam Narain, another son of Kesharilal. An effort was made before the authorities to contend that the petitioners were in possession of the land since 1957 on the basis of one mutation entry made in that year, though that entry was not repeated subsequently. The authorities below have come to the conclusion that in view of the entry in the name of Smt. Chandrakanta as a Khatedar tenant, the land must be presumed to belong to her and on that basis surplus area has been determined under Chapter IIIB of the Rajasthan Tenancy Act, taking Smt. Chandrakanta as a Khatedar tenant. The petitioners having failed in the proceedings before the Board of Revenue, have come up to this Court in this writ petition.

3. Mr. Garg tried to reopen the finding of fact by the authorities below by urging that the petitioners have been in possession of the land since 1957, and even earlier, and that the entry in the revenue record in the name of Smt. Chandrakanta could not deprive them of their title to land. We are afraid, this is a finding of fact, and it is not open to us to reopen that finding in the present proceedings. The authorities below have correctly stated that the entries in the revenue record show that the land was entered in the Khatedari of Smt. Chandrakanta and the petitioners have not been able to rebut that presumption. We also find that when the petitioners appeared in escheat proceedings before the Additional Collector, Kota, in 1972, they made a statement in which it was stated that they were the legal representatives of Smt. Chandrakanta and therefore the escheat proceedings could not be taken. This shows that the petitioners accepted that they were the heirs of Chandrakanta, which admission obviously shows that they were not claiming any independent right to the land. It is not understood why, if claim of the petitioners was that they had independent right apart from the right to claim the land as legal representatives of Smt. Chandrakanta, the said claim should not have been put before the Additional Collector. Be that as it may, as the authorities have come to the finding of fact that the land was in Khatedari of Smt. Chandrakanta the said finding cannot be interfered with.

4. Smt. Chandrakanta died in 1969. The order of the Sub-divisional Officer was passed sometime in 1975. The Sub-divisional Officer and the other authorities have proceeded to determine the ceiling area on the basis of the land having been held by Chandrakanta on April 1, 1966, the notified date in terms of Section 30-E of old law. The contention of Mr. Garg, however, is that the ceiling area is not to ‘be determined with reference to April 1, 1966, but should be determined with respect to the date of the death of Smt. Chandrakanta. The argument proceeds that as proceedings for determination of ceiling area with regard to the Chandrakanta’s case were pending in 1969, it means that in 1969, on her death, she was succeeded by the petitioners and therefore the land must be taken to be in the Khatedari of the petitioners with the result that the ceiling area should be determined with res-ipect to each one of the petitioners separately an










Click Here to Read the rest of this document

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top