IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
PUSHPENDRA SINGH BHATI, J.
Chain Dan and Ors. - Appellants
Versus
State - Respondent
S.B. Criminal Appeal No. 644 of 2004
Decided On : 04-05-2022
Indian Penal Code,1860 - Sections 427, 447 – Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes Act,1989 - Section 3(1)(5) – Mischief causing damage to amount of fifty rupees – Punishment for criminal trespass - Wrongfully occupies or cultivates any land owned by, or allotted to, or notified by any competent authority to be allotted to, a member of a SC/ST or gets land allotted to him transferred – Held, Counsel for appellant submits that facts of present case also falls within same parameters as incident in-question had happened which is almost years and it was a matter pertaining to personal dispute between parties - Compromise has already happened under free will of private respondent/complainant - Appellant and complainant parties are residents of same village and live in very close proximity to each other - Appeal allowed.
ORDER :
1. In wake of instant surge in COVID-19 cases and spread of its highly infectious Omicron variant, abundant caution is being maintained, while hearing the matters in the Court, for the safety of all concerned.
2. Counsel for the appellant as well as counsel for the complainant jointly submit that the parties have entered into compromise and, thus, the sentence of six months’ rigorous imprisonment under Section 3(1)(5) of SC/ST Act; three months’ rigorous imprisonment & six months’ rigorous imprisonment respectively under Sections 447 and 427 IPC, be set aside.
3. Counsel for the parties have relied upon judgment of Hon’ble Apex Court in Ramawatar Vs. State of Madhya Pradesh reported in LL 2021 SC 589; which relevant reads as follows :-
2. Ramawatar (Appellant) and Prembai (Complainant), who are neighbours and live in adjoining houses, were entangled in a property dispute with respect to a portion of land over which Prembai's house was built. On 25.06.1994, Ramawatar and his brother Katulal @ Kuddu (Co-Accused) broke down a wall to make a door that opened into the house of Prembai. When this was resisted by her, a quarrel ensued between the parties and the Appellant threw a brick at the Complainant. Thereafter, this incident was reported and a complaint was lodged at Police Station, Devendra Nagar on the same date itself, and an M.L.C. was also performed. Since the nature of the injury was simple, and the offence was found non-cognizable, the Police took no further steps. On the following day, i.e., 26.06.1994, when the Complainant was sitting in front of her residence, the Appellant and his brother appeared at the scene. They were visibly enraged by the fact that Prembai had lodged an F.I.R. against them. They started abusing her with repeated reference to her caste whilst also threatening her of dire consequences. After that, the Complainant and her husband Chotelal reported this incident before the Harijan Welfare Police Station, and the subject-F.I.R. under the SC/ST Act was lodged against the Accused.
3. The investigation commenced in light of the afore-stated facts. Upon collection of substantial evidence, Appellant and co-Accused were committed to trial Under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code.
4. The Trial Court noted that the Complainant belonged to the 'Prajapati' community which is a Scheduled Caste. It was also observed that the parties had candidly admitted to a pending property dispute between them. The Trial Court further discerned that the prosecution witnesses had, by and large, supported the version of the Complainant and had indubitably substantiated that Ramawatar and Kuddu used deprecatory language upon the Complainant. It was found that the Appellant had made specific reference to the Complainant's caste escorted by the intent to insult her. The actions of the Appellant & co-Accused Kuddu were thus held to be in contravention of Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act read with Section 34 Indian Penal Code. The
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(1) Offence under SC/ST Act, 1989 can be quashed on the ground of compromise between parties.(2) Powers of Apex Court under Article 142 can be invoked to quash a criminal proceeding on the basis of a....
The main legal point established is that the court can quash criminal proceedings on the basis of a genuine settlement between the parties, especially in cases where the offences are not of a serious....
Point of Law : In the light of the analysis made above and as appellants have failed to point out any illegality, infirmity or perversity in the impugned order.
The court emphasized the need to be extremely circumspect in exercising the extraordinary jurisdiction to quash criminal proceedings under the SC/ST Act and held that the legislative intent of the Ac....
The SC/ST Act's protective legislative intent underscores that offences must not be quashed based on compromise if it risks undermining legal safeguards against caste-based discrimination.
The court can quash criminal proceedings under Article 142 if the allegations do not constitute an offence and are primarily private in nature, especially in cases involving caste-based claims.
The court affirmed the power to quash criminal proceedings arising out of non-compoundable offences and extended the power to offences arising out of special status such as SC/ST Act.
The court can quash proceedings under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. in cases involving offences under the provisions of SC/ST Act based on a genuine compromise between the parties, as established by the leg....
Courts may quash criminal proceedings based on voluntary compromise, especially in non-heinous cases where societal harm is minimal, emphasizing justice and harmony between parties.
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