IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
FARJAND ALI, J.
Phool Chand S/o Tulsi Ram Dhakar – Appellant
Versus
State Of Rajasthan, Through Pp - Respondent
S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous 2nd Bail Application No. 3894 of 2024
Decided on : 07-08-2024
BAIL - Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act - Section 8, Section 18, Section 42, Section 37, Section 52-A, Section 439 CrPC - The court emphasized the mandatory compliance with Section 42 of the NDPS Act, which restricts search and seizure powers to specific officers. Non-compliance with this provision vitiates the recovery of contraband. The court also highlighted the importance of proper sampling procedures under Section 52-A, ruling that failure to adhere to these requirements renders evidence inadmissible. The court's decision to grant bail was influenced by the significant procedural defects in the prosecution's case, despite the serious nature of the charges.
Fact of the Case:
The accused-petitioner was arrested on 03.06.2022 for allegedly possessing 3 kg 100 grams of opium, leading to charges under Section 8/18 of the NDPS Act. The first bail application was dismissed, but the petitioner sought bail again after the examination of a key witness, Sub-Inspector Naru Lal, who conducted the search and seizure.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the search and seizure conducted by Sub-Inspector Naru Lal was invalid due to non-compliance with Section 42 of the NDPS Act, as he was not authorized to conduct such actions. Additionally, the court noted that the sampling procedures under Section 52-A were not followed, rendering the evidence inadmissible. The court concluded that these procedural defects warranted the grant of bail.
Issues: Whether the search and seizure conducted by an unauthorized officer under the NDPS Act invalidates the evidence collected, and whether the accused is entitled to bail despite the serious nature of the charges.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that compliance with mandatory provisions of the NDPS Act is essential, and failure to adhere to these provisions, particularly regarding the authority of the officer conducting the search and the proper handling of evidence, can lead to the invalidation of the prosecution's case. The court emphasized that the right to liberty must be protected, especially in light of significant procedural flaws.
Final Decision: The court allowed the bail application under Section 439 CrPC, ordering the release of the accused-petitioner on bail, subject to the furnishing of a personal bond and sureties.
ORDER :
FARJAND ALI, J.
1. The jurisdiction of this court has been invoked by way of filing the instant second bail application under Section 439 CrPC at the instance of accused-petitioner. The requisite details of the matter are tabulated herein below:
| S.No. | Particulars of the Case | |
| 1. | FIR Number | 255/2022 |
| 2. | Concerned Police Station | Nimbahera Sadar |
| 3. | District | Chittorgarh |
| 4. | Offences alleged in the FIR | Section 8/18 of the NDPS Act |
| 5. | Offences added, if any | - |
| 6. | Date of passing of impugned order | 17.01.2024 |
2. The first bail application being SBCRLMB No.2587/2023 was dismissed as not pressed by this Court vide order dated 06.10.2023 but a liberty was afforded to the petitioner to renew the prayer for bail after recording the statement of Naru Lal, Sub-Inspector. Now, Sub-Inspector Naru Lal has been examined in the trial as P.W. 1. Hence, the instant bail application.
3. Briefly stated the facts of the case are that on 03.06.2022 upon receiving information, Naru Lal, Incharge P.S. Sadar, Nimbahera that Phool Chand has stored contraband opium in his house upon which he along with his team made a search upon the residential house of Phool Chand. During search 1 plastic bags weighing 3 kg 100 grams opium was recovered. Seizing Officer took samples, marked them and sent the same to the FSL for chemical examination. After usual investigation, a case under Section 8/18 of the NPDS Act has been registered against him.
4. It is contended on behalf of the accused-petitioner that no case for the alleged offences is made out against him and his incarceration is not warranted. There are no factors at play in the case at hand that may work against grant of bail to the accused-petitioner and he has been made an accused based on conjectures and surmises. He further submits that the accused was taken into custody on 03.06.2022 and since then he is behind the bars. Now, more than two years have elapsed but the trial is not going to be culminated and still it seems that a further long time shall be taken in conclusion of the same, thus, he may be enlarged on bail.
5. Contrary to the submissions of learned counsel for the petitioner, learned Public Prosecutor opposes the bail application and submits that the present case is not fit for enlargement of accused on bail.
6. Have heard and considered the submissions made by both the parties, Investigating Officer and have perused the challan papers and the other material available on record.
7. The specific plea has been taken regarding non-compliance of Section 42 of the NPDS Act which is a mandatory provision in nature. It is emanating from the record that the Sub-Inspector Naru Lal received the information from another police official Vikram Singh and then proceeded to effect search, seizure and arrest. At the relevant point of time, one Tulsi Ram was the posted SHO at the Police Station concerned. No authority letter is available on record to show that any superior officer had given the charge of said police station to Sub-Inspector Naru Lal. The question involved is elaborately discussed by this Court in the matter titled as Satya Narayan @ Sattu Vs. State of Rajasthan while deciding its second bail application being SBCRLM2ndA No.3678/2023 decided on 09.11.2023 which is being reproduced as under:-
| S.No. | Particulars of the Case | |
| . | FIR Number | 189/2021 |
| . | Concerned Police Station | Gangrar |
| . | District | Chittorgarh |
| . | Offences alleged in the FIR Offences added, if any | Sections 8/15 of NDPS Act. |
| . | Date of passing of impugned order | 13.01.2022 |
Strict adherence to the NDPS Act's provisions regarding search and seizure is essential; failure to comply can lead to the invalidation of evidence and grant of bail.
The court ruled that unauthorized searches under the NDPS Act invalidate the evidence, warranting bail for the accused due to procedural non-compliance.
The court ruled that searches conducted by unauthorized officers under the NDPS Act are illegal, warranting the grant of bail due to prolonged detention without trial.
Procedural compliance in the NDPS Act is crucial for the admissibility of evidence, impacting the court's discretion in granting bail.
Procedural compliance under the NDPS Act is crucial; failure to adhere to sampling and inventory requirements can undermine the prosecution's case and justify bail.
The court established that non-compliance with mandatory provisions of the NDPS Act, particularly regarding the sampling process, can render the prosecution's case weak and justify the grant of bail,....
Non-compliance with procedural requirements under the NDPS Act can undermine the prosecution's case and justify the grant of bail.
The court established that procedural non-compliance in drug seizure cases can justify bail, prioritizing individual liberty over statutory restrictions.
The court established that procedural compliance is crucial in drug-related cases, and significant lapses can warrant bail despite statutory restrictions.
The court emphasized the importance of adhering to procedural requirements in drug seizure cases, ruling that non-compliance can render evidence inadmissible and affect bail decisions.
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