Supreme Court
N. SANTOSH HEGDE, ASHOK BHAN & B.P. SINGH, JJ.
Malkhansingh & Ors. - Appellant
Versus
State of Madhya Pradesh - Respondents
Criminal Appeal Nos.1299-1300 of 2002
Decided On : July 08, 2003
The substantive evidence is the evidence of identification in Court and the test identification parade provides corroboration to the identification of the witness in Court, if required. However, what weight must be attached to the evidence of identification in Court, which is not preceded by a test identification parade, is a matter for the Courts of fact to examine. In the instant case the Courts below have concurrently found the evidence of the prosecutrix to be reliable and, therefore, there was no need for the corroboration of her evidence in Court as she was found to be implicitly reliable. We find no error in the reasoning of the Courts below. From the facts of the case it is quite apparent that the prosecutrix did not even know the appellants and did not make any effort to falsely implicate them by naming them at any stage. The crime was perpetrated in broad daylight. The prosecutrix had sufficient opportunity to observe the features of the appellants who raped her one after the other. Before the rape was committed, she was threatened and intimidated by the appellants. After the rape was committed, she was again threatened and intimidated by them. All this must have taken time. This is not a case where the identifying witness had only a fleeting glimpse of the appellants on a dark night. She also had a reason to remember their faces as they had committed a heinous offence and put her to shame. She had, therefore, abundant opportunity to notice their features. In fact on account of her traumatic and tragic experience, the faces of the appellants must have got imprinted in her memory, another was no chance of her making a mistake about their identity. (Para 17)
(2). The case of the prosecution is that the prosecutrix Kumari Lusia was working as Assistant Teacher in the Government Primary School at village Bagod. She was aged about 28 years and was unmarried. On 4.3.1992 at about 11.30 a.m. she boarded a bus to go to Bagod and alighted from the bus at about 1.00 p.m. at a place known as Zero Chain Puliya from where her school was located at a distance of about 1 kilometer. After alighting from the bus she proceeded on foot to the school in village Bagod. When she was near the tapara of Baldar Khan she noticed that she was being followed by three persons. When she proceed some distance she suspected that some of them had come very close to her. She moved to the edge of the path-way giving way to the persons behind her to go ahead. However, one of them, later identified as appellant-Maharajsingh, caught hold of her hands from behind. The prosecutrix objected and raised an alarm calling out for Baldar Khan but no one came to her rescue. On the other hand appellant-Malkhansingh took out a knife and threatened her. Appellant-Musab Khan also took out a knife and threatened her into silence. Two of them then dragged her towards the canal where she was further threatened and made to lie on the ground. When again she persisted in raising alarm, appellant-Maharajsingh placed a knife on her neck and tried to press her neck. Thereafter the appellants-Musab Khan and Malkhansingh removed her clothes and Musab Khan was the first person to sexually assault her followed by Maharajsingh and Malkhansingh. Thereafter they let her giving threats of dire consequences if she reported the matter to the police and reminded her that she would meet the same fate, which Madam Rekha had met, if she reported the matter to the police.
(3). After the occurrence the prosecutrix left for her home at Bagod and went to school at about 3.00 p.m. On the next day she attended the school but thereafter went to Vidisha accompanied by another teacher Mangalsingh, At Vidisha she met the Deputy Director of Education, one Mr. Dutta, on 6.3.1992 to whom she narrated the incident and told him that the three boys were after her life and it was not safe for her to go back to Bagod. She requested that she may be transferred to some other school. According to the prosecutrix, Mr. Dutta attached her to a school at Khamkheda with effect from 10.3.1992. She narrated the incident to her colleague Shri Mangalsingh on 12.3.1992, who in turn reported the matter to Kaluram, PW-3, who was the President of District Teachers Association. On 14.3.1992 Shri Kaluram, PW-3, took her to the residenc
1. Kanta Prasad vs. Delhi Administration (AIR 1958 SC 350)
2. Vaikuntam Chandrappa & Ors. vs. State of Andhra Pradesh (AIR 1960 SC 1340)
3. Budhsen & Anr. vs. State of U.P. (AIR 1970 SC 1321)
4. Rameshwar Singh vs. State of Jammu & Kashmir ((1971) 2 SCC 715)
5. Jadunath Singh & Anr. vs. The State of Uttar Pradesh ((1970) 3 SCC 518)
7. Harbajan Singh vs. State of Jammu & Kashmir ((1975) 4 SCC 480)
8. Ram Nath Mahto vs. State of Bihar ((1996) 8 SCC 630)
10. State of Uttar Pradesh vs. Boota Singh & Ors. ((1979) 1 SCC 31)
11. Ramanbhai Naranbhai Patel & Ors. vs. State of Gujarat ((2000) 1 SCC 358)
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