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2024 Supreme(HP) 447

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AT SHIMLA
TARLOK SINGH CHAUHAN, SUSHIL KUKREJA, JJ
 
Krishan Chand - Appellant.
Versus
State of Himachal Pradesh - Respondent.
Cr. Appeal No. 5 of 2019
Decided on: 23.07.2024
 

Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant:Mr. Ram Murti Bisht, Advocate.
For the Respondent:Mr. I.N. Mehta, Senior Additional Advocate General, with Mr. Navlesh Verma, Ms. Sharmila Patial, Additional Advocates General, and Mr. Raj Negi, Deputy Advocate General.

The evidence from hostile witnesses can be accepted if it supports the prosecution's case; the prosecution proved the accused's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt based on witness testimonies and material evidence.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Section 302 - Code of Criminal Procedure - Section 374(2) - Appeal against conviction - Accused convicted of murder of mother - Evidence includes eyewitness accounts and circumstantial evidence leading to conviction. (Paras 1, 2, 4, 27, 39)

(B) Evidence - Nature of testimony - Witnesses turning hostile but portions corroborating prosecution case accepted - Evidence of a hostile witness not to be discarded entirely. (Paras 16, 18, 36)

(C) Conviction - Appellate approach - Conviction supported by sufficient evidence and no grounds for interference established. (Paras 38, 39).

Facts of the case:
The accused was convicted for murdering his mother with a digging instrument after a quarrel over money. The prosecution presented direct and circumstantial evidence, although many eyewitnesses turned hostile. (Paras 1, 2, 4)

Findings of Court:
The court found that the prosecution established beyond reasonable doubt that the accused alone caused the death of the mother using the weapon, corroborated by the evidence of presence at the crime scene and the motive to demand money. (Paras 27, 39)

Issues: The court addressed the credibility of witness testimony, especially in light of hostility, and whether the prosecution established a clear link between the accused and the crime. (Paras 15, 38)

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the prosecution's case could rely on portions of the testimony of hostile witnesses that supported its claims while emphasizing the sufficiency of circumstantial evidence. (Paras 16, 36)

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. facts related to the murder and police investigation. (Para 2 , 4)
2. arguments and counterarguments regarding evidence. (Para 5 , 6)
3. court's analysis of evidence presented. (Para 7 , 8)
4. evidentiary standards for hostile witnesses. (Para 16 , 18 , 19)
5. final decision to uphold conviction. (Para 39)
JUDGMENT :

Sushil Kukreja, J.

1. The instant appeal has been preferred by the appellant/accused/convict under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure against the impugned judgment dated 12.12.2018 and order of sentence dated 15.12.2018, passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge-I, Shimla, Camp at Rohru, H.P., in Sessions Trial No. 6-R/7 of 2017, whereby the accused (appellant herein) was convicted for the commission of the offence punishable under Section 302 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE (for short Whether reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment? “IPC”).

2. The facts giving rise to the present appeal, as per the prosecution story, can be summarized as under: On 19.02.2017, around 02:15 p.m., police of Police Station Rohru was telephonically informed by Shri Pritam Singh that accused Krishan Chand committed murder of his mother, Smt. Kagal Devi (the deceased). In sequel to the above telephonic information, police personnel reached village Khashkandi, where they found the dead body of the deceased lying in her courtyard in pool of blood. On the spot police effected relevant recoveries, i.e., broken tooth, bangles, weapon of offence kutru/digging instrument, cap of the accused etc. The accused was caught by the local residents on the spot. Police recorded the statement of Shri Aman Chauhan (the complainant) under Section 154 Cr.P.C., who stated that the accused caused hurt to his mother and he alongwith Pritam Singh, Kapil Chauhan and other residents of the village apprehended him. During the course of the investigation, police videographed and photographed the spot of occurrence, spot map was prepared and the statements of the witnesses were recorded. The scientific samples collected from the spot of occurrence were taken into possession after sealing the same. The blood samples of the deceased and the weapon of the offence, i.e., kutru were lifted from the place of occurrence and taken into possession. The accused was arrested on the spot. Post mortem examination on the corpse of the deceased was got conducted and it was opined that the deceased had died as a result of antemortem head injuries leading to cardiorespiratory arrest and death instantaneous. FIR under the apt Sections of IPC was registered against the accused and after completion of the investigation, police presented the charge-sheet before the learned Trial Court.

3. The prosecution, in order to prove its case, examined fifteen witnesses. Statement of the accused under Section 313 Cr.P.C. was recorded, wherein he pleaded his innocence.. The accused examined one witness in his defense.

4. The learned Trial Court, vide impugned judgment dated 12.12.2018 convicted the accused for the offence punishable under Sections 302 IPC and vide order of sentence dated 15.12.2018 the accused/convict was ordered to undergo rigorous imprisonment for life and to pay fine of Rs.50,000/- and in default of payment of fine, the convict was further ordered to undergo simple imprisonment for one year under Section 302 IPC, hence the instant appeal preferred by the accused/convict.

5. The learned Counsel for the appellant contended that none of the prosecution witnesses have supported the prosecution case and the Trial Court has failed to appreciate the evidence. As per the learned counsel for the appellant, there is no direct evidence connecting the accused with the alleged offence and the motive to kill the deceased has also not been proved. He further contended that the accused was Class-IV employee, getting monthly salary of more than Rs.25,000/-, his wife was serving as teacher in a private school and his mother (deceased) was getting pensi

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