IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
SANJAY KUMAR DWIVEDI, J.
Dashrath Jha – Appellant
Versus
The State of Jharkhand – Respondent
Cr.M.P. No. 1089 of 2014
Decided on : 02-05-2023
SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act - Quashing of Order - Sections 323, 504 of the Indian Penal Code and Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner filed an application to quash the order finding prima facie offence under Sections 323, 504 of the Indian Penal Code and Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. The complaint alleged assault and abuse based on caste, and the petitioner challenged the orders passed by the Judicial Magistrate and the Additional Sessions Judge.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the complainant did not follow the statutory procedure prescribed in Rule 5(3) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Rules, 1995, and therefore, the impugned order finding prima facie offence under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act was quashed. The order finding prima facie offence under Sections 323 and 504 of the Indian Penal Code was not interfered with.
Issues: The issues revolved around the proper following of the statutory procedure under Rule 5(3) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Rules, 1995, and the finding of prima facie offence under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the complainant's failure to follow the statutory procedure under Rule 5(3) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Rules, 1995, rendered the impugned order unsustainable. The court also emphasized the statutory requirement for investigation by a Police Officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police under Rule 7 of the said Rules.
Final Decision: The impugned order finding prima facie offence under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act was quashed, while the order finding prima facie offence under Sections 323 and 504 of the Indian Penal Code was not interfered with. The order passed by the Additional Sessions Judge was also quashed, and the application was allowed.
JUDGMENT :
Heard Mr. Shree Nivas Roy, learned counsel for the petitioner and Mrs. Priya Shrestha, learned counsel for the State.
2. The petitioner has filed this application for quashing the order dated 22.11.2012 passed by Sri A. Kumar, learned Judicial Magistrate, Madhupur, in T.R Case No.578 of 2012, arising out of P.C.R. Case No.283 of 2010, whereby, the prima facie case has been found against the petitioner for the offence under Sections 323, 504 of the Indian Penal Code and Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. The petitioner has also challenged the order dated 7.10.2013 passed by the learned 1st Additional Sessions Judge, Deoghar, in Criminal Revision No.224 of 2012, whereby, the revision filed against the aforesaid order dated 22.11.2012, was dismissed by the Revisional Court.
3. The facts of this case lie in a short compass. The complaint case was filed by the opposite party No.2 against the accused persons in the Court of the learned S.D.J.M., Madhupur, in which, it is alleged that the accused persons assaulted the complainant and also abused her in the name of her caste. The complainant went to the police station to lodge the F.I.R but no action was taken and thereafter, she went to the SDPO, Madhupur, and narrated the whole situation, who also did not take any action and thereafter, the complaint was filed, which was registered as P.C.R Case No.283 of 2010.
4. The record shows that the statement of the complainant was recorded on solemn affirmation and four witnesses were also examined at the enquiry stage, who supported the case of the complainant and by order dated 30.5.2011, the learned Magistrate found the prima facie offence only under Sections 323 and 504 of the Indian Penal Code against the accused. No prima facie offence was found against the petitioners for the offence under Section 3(1) (x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. The said order was challenged by the complainant by filing revision in the Revisional Court below, which was allowed by order dated 10th July 2012 passed by the learned 1st Additional Sessions Judge, Deoghar, in which, the Revisional Court gave a finding that on the basis of the materials on record, the offence under Section 3(1)(x)(xi) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act was also attracted. Accordingly, the order dated 30.5.2011 passed by the learned Judicial Magistrate was set aside and the Court below was directed to pass the order afresh in accordance with law. Thereafter, by the impugned order dated 22.11.2012 passed by Sri A. Kumar, learned Judicial Magistrate, Madhupur, the prima facie offence has also been found for the offence under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, following the order passed by the Revisional Court below. Aggrieved by the said order, the petitioners filed the revision in the Revisional Court below, which was dismissed by order dated 7.10.2013 in Criminal Revision No. 224 of 2012 and these orders have been challenged in the present application.
5. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the impugned order passed by the learned Court, finding the prima facie offence also under Section 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, against the petitioners, is absolutely illegal, in view of the fact that in the complaint petition, it is only stated that after the occurrence, the complainant went to the police station to lodge the F.I.R, but no action was taken and thereafter, shewent to the SDPO, Madhupur, and narrated the whole situation, who also did not take any action and thereafter, the complaint was filed. It is submitted by the learned counsel that the statutory procedure prescribed in Rule 5(3) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Rules, 1995, was not followed by the complainant, by giving the information, in writing by post, to the Superintendent of Police, who was required to take action in the matter after making the investigation either by
A prima facie case for commission of offence punishable under Section 3(1)(r) and 3(1)(s) of Act, 1989 and there is no provision of leading pre charge evidence before court of Sessions, no illegality....
The court emphasized the necessity for adherence to procedural mandates in criminal proceedings, specifically requiring compliance with Section 154(3) of the Cr.P.C. before ordering investigation.
The court established that inherent powers under Section 482 of the CrPC can quash proceedings lacking sufficient evidence or motivated by malice.
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement of incidents taking place in public view and the caste of the accused being of the informant for taking cognizance under the Sch....
Non-compliance with statutory provisions of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, specifically Section 9 read with Rule 7, led to the quashing of cognizance under the Act.
For an offence under Section 3(1)(xi) of the SC/ST POA Act, intent to act against a person based on their caste status is essential; mere reference to caste without such intent is insufficient.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that non-compliance with the provision of Sub-rule (3) of Rule 5 of the Rules, 1995 does not vitiate the entire criminal proceeding, and a complain....
Omission of caste insult in initial police intimation does not vitiate SC/ST (POA) Act proceedings if substantiated later.
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