IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND, RANCHI
SANJAY KUMAR DWIVEDI, J.
Girja Yadav, son of late Ram Prasad Yadav - Petitioner
Vs.
Radha Kuar widow of late Jugeshawar Ram - Respondent
C.M.P. No. 38 of 2023
Decided On : 06-01-2025
(A) Constitution of India - Article 227 - Civil Procedure Code - Order VI Rule 17 - Petition filed for quashing an order rejecting an amendment to a suit - The court upheld the rejection based on res-judicata, citing that a previous petition with similar grounds was already dismissed. (Paras 2-7)
(B) Res-Judicata - The principle prevents the re-litigation of issues that have already been decided in the same proceeding, as established in Satyadhyan Goshal v. Devorjit Devi. (Paras 6-7)
Facts of the case:
The petitioner sought to amend a suit regarding a sale deed, but the court found the request barred by res-judicata due to a prior dismissal of a similar amendment.
Findings of Court:
The court found no reason to interfere with the lower court's decision to reject the amendment.
Issues: The main issue was whether the second amendment petition was barred by res-judicata due to the earlier dismissal.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the second petition was indeed barred by res-judicata, reaffirming the principle that similar issues cannot be re-litigated in the same proceeding.
Result: Petition dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
SANJAY KUMAR DWIVEDI, J.
Heard learned counsel for the petitioner and the learned counsel for the opposite party nos. 1 to 4.
2. This petition has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India for quashing of the order dated 4.7.2022 passed by the learned Senior Civil Judge-VIII, Palamau at Daltonganj in the Original Suit No.134 of 2019 whereby the petition filed under Order VI Rule 17 C.P.C was rejected by the learned court.
3. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that Original Suit No.134 of 2019 was instituted for declaring the sale deed No.1006 of 2010 not binding on plaintiff and the plaintiff put to be in possession over the suit land. She submits that one petition under Order VI Rule 17 CPC was filed before the learned court for changing the schedule of the property and the learned court has been pleased to dismiss the same by the impugned order dated 4.7.2022 on the ground that it will change the nature of the suit property. She submits that the learned court has erred in saying so that only internal area was required to be rectified. On this ground, she submits that the impugned order may kindly be quashed.
4. Learned counsel for the opposite party nos.1 to 4 submits that the said amendment was earlier sought to be made by the petition dated 25.9.2019 and the same was dismissed by the order dated 10.05.2022. He submits that earlier order was not challenged in any higher court and for the same issue, the present petition has been filed and in view of that, the petition is barred by res-judicata. On this ground he submits that this petition may kindly be dismissed.
5. A counter affidavit has been filed on behalf of the opposite party no.4 wherein the order dated 10.05.2022 passed in Original Suit No.134 of 2019 has been annexed. By the said order, the learned court has decided the petition dated 25.9.2019 under Order VI Rule 17 CPC and the same ground was taken in the said petition which has been discussed in the entire order sheet and subsequently the present petition has been filed which has been rejected by the learned court. The first amendment petition was rejected by order dated 10.05.2022 and the said order was not challenged in any petition in any higher court and thereafter the second petition has been filed and the same court has decided the same.
6. If such a situation is there, certainly the second petition is barred by res-judicata as has been held by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Satyadhyan Goshal v. Devorjit Devi reported in A.I.R. 1960 SC 931 wherein at paragraph no.8 of the said judgment, it has been held that an order at the stage of proceeding acts as res-judicata at all later stage of same proceeding.
7. The same court has passed the earlier order and the contents of the earlier petition and present petition are similar and as such, no interference is required in the impugned order. Hence, this petition is dismissed.
8. Pending petition if any also stands disposed of accordingly.
A subsequent petition for amendment is barred by res-judicata if a similar petition was previously dismissed without challenge.
The amendment of a plaint under Order VI Rule 17 is not permissible if it alters the fundamental nature of the suit.
Amendments to pleadings should be liberally allowed for effective adjudication unless they cause injustice to the other party.
Amendments to pleadings after trial commencement may be allowed if they do not fundamentally alter the suit's nature or cause prejudice, supporting judicial efficiency and justice.
Amendments to pleadings after trial commencement are not allowed unless due diligence is shown; allowing the amendment here would prejudice the plaintiff's case.
Amendments to pleadings post-trial require showing of due diligence, and must not alter the fundamental nature of the case, or cause undue prejudice to the opposing party.
A court can deny amendment requests under Order 6 Rule 17 CPC if due diligence is lacking after trial commencement.
Amendments to pleadings should be allowed if necessary for effective adjudication, provided they do not change the nature of the suit or cause injustice to the other party.
Court ruled that procedural amendment requests should be allowed even after the trial begins, provided they clarify existing claims and do not introduce new issues.
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