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2026 Supreme(Jhk) 331

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
ANIL KUMAR CHOUDHARY, J.
Amitav Kiran @ Amit Asthana S/o Shri P.N. Asthana – Appellant
Versus
The State of Jharkhand – Respondent
Cr. M.P. No. 4794 of 2022 
Decided On : 04-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Ashish Kr. Thakur, Nagmani Tiwari
For the Respondent: Pankaj Kumar

Quashing under Section 482 CrPC denied where cheating allegations show deception from inception, accused absconding, charge sheet suppressed, and civil recovery co-exists without barring criminal proceedings.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 482; Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 406 and 420 - Quashing of criminal proceedings and non-bailable warrant - Accused received sanctioned government amount as authorised agent for installing solar pumping systems at two places within 45 days but misappropriated it without installation - Investigation found allegations true with six witnesses supporting prosecution - Charge sheet submitted as closure report due to accused absconding despite extensive searches - Cognizance taken with reasoned order post remittal after prior mechanical cognizance quashed - Direct non-bailable warrant issued as whereabouts unknown, accused absconding since FIR and anticipatory bail rejected - Fresh non-bailable warrant on case transfer valid as continuation - Deception and dishonest intention from inception alleged and prima facie proved - Suppression of charge sheet and continuous abscondment shows unclean hands - Mere civil recovery proceedings no ground to quash criminal offence. (Paras 2,3,4,5,12,13,14,16,17)

(B) Cheating under Section 420 IPC - Requires deception at very inception; mere later breach of contract insufficient. (Para 6)

(C) Overlap of civil and criminal disputes - Civil remedy existence not bar to quash criminal proceedings where criminal offence made out. (Para 16)

Facts of the case:
Petition filed to quash cognizance order and non-bailable warrants alleging mere breach of contract without initial dishonest intention. Petitioner claimed supplied equipment worth substantial amount ready for installation but full payment withheld, leading to civil recovery case. Prosecution countered with abscondment since FIR, true allegations per investigation, and initial deception.

Findings of Court:
No illegality in reasoned cognizance or direct non-bailable warrants against absconding accused; proceedings disclose prima facie offences under Sections 406/420 IPC.

Issues: Whether criminal proceedings quashable absent deception from transaction inception and due to civil dispute; validity of direct non-bailable warrants without summons for absconding accused.

Ratio Decidendi: Offences under Sections 406/420 IPC established prima facie with specific allegations of initial deception supported by witnesses; direct non-bailable warrants justified for absconding accused after recorded reasons and searches; unclean hands and prior remittal non-favourable; civil proceedings no bar.

Result: Criminal Miscellaneous Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. case history: allegations of cheating, prior quashing, fresh cognizance, nbw issued. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. breach of contract without initial deception not cheating. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
3. absconding, suppression justify continuing criminal proceedings despite civil case. (Para 11)
4. initial deception proven; precedents distinguished; civil dispute no bar; nbw valid. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
5. no merit; petition dismissed. (Para 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT :

ANIL KUMAR CHOUDHARY, J.

1. Heard the parties.

2. This Criminal Miscellaneous Petition has been filed invoking the jurisdiction of this Court under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure with the prayer to quash the order dated 21.06.2022 whereby fresh N.B.W. has been directed to be issued against the petitioner without recalling or modifying the earlier order dated 10.12.2019 whereby fresh cognizance of the offence has been taken and without issuing any summons, the learned court below straight way was pleased to direct issuance of N.B.W. against the petitioner and additionally, the petitioner prays for quashing the entire criminal proceedings including the order taking cognizance dated 10.12.2019 passed by the learned Judicial Magistrate-1st Class, Deoghar in connection with Sarwan P.S. Case No. 109 of 2009 corresponding to G.R. Case No. 751 of 2009 of the court of the learned Judicial Magistrate-1st Class, Deoghar.

3. The allegation against the petitioner is that the petitioner claiming himself to be the authorised agent of one M/s Kiran Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Dhanbad has cheated and committed criminal breach of trust by taking part of the sanctioned amount for installation of solar pumping system at two places; which he was supposed to do within 45 days from receipt of the amount; instead of installing the solar pumping system, has misappropriated the same. On the basis of the written report submitted by the complainant - Block Development Officer, Sarwan, police registered Sarwan P.S. Case No. 109 of 2009 and took up investigation of the case and after investigation of the case, police submitted charge sheet against the petitioner and the petitioner has withheld the charge sheet from this Court by not filing the charge sheet. Basing upon the charge sheet submitted by the police, the learned Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate, Deoghar took cognizance of the offences punishable under Sections 406 and 420 of the Indian Penal Code and passed the summoning order vide order dated 03.06.2017. As the petitioner did not appear in response to the summons issued, bailable warrant of arrest was issued against the petitioner on 19.07.2017.

4. This is the second journey of the petitioner with the similar prayer. Earlier, the petitioner filed Cr.M.P. No. 3742 of 2018 for quashing the entire criminal proceedings against the order dated 03.06.2017 passed by the learned Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate, whereby and where under the learned Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate took cognizance of the offences, consequent upon the charge sheet as a closure report was submitted by the police, mentioning therein that though the allegations made against the petitioner were found to be true but the petitioner could not be traced out even after conducting raids at three places in the state of Jharkhand and Bihar, albeit without mentioning the reasons for taking cognizance by a speaking order. A Co-ordinate Bench of this Court vide order dated 06.07.2019 considered that since the order taking cognizance was passed in a mechanical manner without application of judicial mind, accordingly, the order dated 03.06.2017 was quashed and set aside and the matter was remitted to the court below to pass a reasoned and speaking order. The Deputy Commissioner has released 70 per cent of the total cost of Rs.19,91,000/- i.e. Rs.13,93,700/- and as per the terms of the agreement, the company needed to complete the whole installation in 45 days but they did not do it.

5. It is e

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