IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADRAS
R. Mahadevan, J.
Muthusamy and Ors. - Appellants
Vs.
K.M. Subramaniam and Ors. - Respondent
S.A. No. 703 of 2006
Decided On: 17.12.2014
Hindu Succession Act, 1956 – Partial Partition – Unsuccessful first and third defendants in the suit and the first appeal have preferred this second appeal against the judgment and decree of the Principal District Judge, Erode in A.S No. 35 of 2005 dated 17.10.2005. – The suit was filed by the son, against the first defendant father and third defendant sister claiming half share in the suit schedule properties numbering 8 items. – The grandfather was shown as the second defendant and subsequent to his death, the paternal uncle was impleaded as the fourth defendant and after his death, his legal heirs have been impleaded as the fifth and sixth defendants. – The purchasers of 7th item of the suit property have been impleaded as seventh and Eight defendants. –Held, It is clear that the father has the power to gift a small portion of joint family property to the daughter on the occasion of her marriage. – The gift could also be subsequently made. – However, from the ratio in the above cases, it is also clear that the consent of the other coparcerners have to be obtained. – The purpose of consent can only be attributed to identification of the property and the extent. – Therefore this court is of the view that the first defendant as kartha has the power to gift a small portion. – With regard to the possession, the land was settled on 08.09.1993. – The revenue records mutated pending suit. – The possession in joint family properties comprised in various villages is always symbolic. – The courts below have erred in holding that the third defendant was not in possession and the property has been in joint possession of the plaintiff and the first defendant even after the settlement. – As rightly contended by the Learned Senior Counsel for the appellants, possession flows with title, which is also evident from the settlement deed. – Once the donee claims to have accepted the gift, the issue ends then and there, though belatedly, the mutation of records have taken place. In view of the fact that this court has held that the gift to be complete, in the absence of plea of fraud or coercion, the gift cannot be set aside. – To challenge the same on the grounds aforementioned, the plaintiff only has to file a separate relief for declaration. – In view of the fact that the third defendant has made a counter claim for declaration of her title, the plaintiff need not initiate a separate suit for declaration. – Succession was opened in 1996 and the decree of partition was passed by the Trial Court on 20.08.2004. – Therefore, the amendment to Hindu Succession Act, will not enable the third defendant to claim any share in the suit property. – The substantial question of law is answered accordingly. – In the result, the second appeal is partially allowed modifying the judgment of the Trial Court as indicated below. – The Items 4 & 7 of the suit property are deleted and the property measuring 1.50 acres in Nanjaikilambadi village is to be included in the suit schedule for partition between the plaintiff and the first defendant. – The counter claim of the first defendant is partially allowed and the counter claim of the third defendant is allowed. – The Trial Court is directed to modify the decree in the above lines and proceed in accordance with law with regard to the final decree. – Appeal Partly Allowed
R. Mahadevan, J.
1. The unsuccessful first and third defendants in the suit and the first appeal have preferred this second appeal against the judgment and decree of the Principal District Judge, Erode in A.S No. 35 of 2005 dated 17.10.2005. The suit was filed by the son, against the first defendant father and third defendant sister claiming half share in the suit schedule properties numbering 8 items. The grandfather was shown as the second defendant and subsequent to his death, the paternal uncle was impleaded as the fourth defendant and after his death, his legal heirs have been impleaded as the fifth and sixth defendants. The purchasers of 7th item of the suit property have been impleaded as seventh and Eight defendants.
2. The suit was filed by the plaintiff claiming that the 1st to 3rd item in the suit property are ancestral property and item Nos. 4 to 8 are purchased out of the income from the ancestral property. As all the properties are joint family properties, the plaintiff has half share in the same. The further case of the plaintiff is that the settlement of 4th item of suit schedule property in favour of the 3rd defendant is null and void and so is the alienation of the 7th item of the suit schedule property. Resisting the suit, the first defendant contended that items 4 to 8 are his self earned property and he has every right to settle the same in favour of the 3rd defendant. The first defendant also claimed that one property in Nanjaikilampadi Village was purchased by him in the name of plaintiff and the same has been suppressed and ought to be included in the suit for partition. He also raised a plea that the suit must be dismissed for partial partition and staged a counter claim. The third defendant also defending her right and the right of the first defendant made a counter claim to declare that the settlement in her favour as valid.
3. After hearing all the parties concerned, the Trial Court decreed the suit by passing a preliminary decree declaring the plaintiff's entitlement to half share in the suit schedule properties. The appellate court though agreed with just the one contention that the kartha, being the manager had a right to gift a small portion of the property to his daughter, factually found that the gift/settlement was not acted upon atleast till the filing of the suit and therefore, confirmed the entire decree. Aggrieved the present appeal has been filed.
4. At the time of admission, the following substantial questions of law were framed:
"1. Whether the properties stand in the Junior minor male member of the Hindu Joint Family, can be considered as a separate property of him for the reason that his mother was shown as guardian to him in the sale deed and hence the properties stand in his name could be left out in the partition suit?
2. Whether the suit is maintainable for partial partition?
3. Whether the Karta of the joint family could possess his separate property purchased out of his separate income especially when the income derived from the ancestral properties were meagre?
4. Whether the property gifted to the daughter by the karta of the joint family and accepted by her can be included subjecting it to partition on the allegation that gift deed was not acted upon, at the instance of the other family members?
5. Whether the gift could be rejected after it becomes complete without praying for declaration of its validity?
Subsequently, the additional question of law that has been framed is as follows:
1. In view of the introduction of Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005, is not the daughter entitled to equal share along with his son and if so whether, the 2nd appellant/3rd defendant is entitled to l/5th share in the suit property?
5. The Learned Senior Counsel appearing for the appellants, vehemently contended that going by logic if all the properties are to be treated as the joint family property, the property purchased in the name of the plaintiff must also form part of the joint family nuc
(R. Kuppayee v. Raja Gounder) 2004-2-L.W. 386 : AIR 2004 SC 1284
(KM. Thangavel v. K.T. Udayakumar) 2014-2-L.W. 113 : 2014 (2) CTC 113
(Dwarampudi Nagaratnamba v. Kunuku Ramayya and another) AIR 1968 SC 253
(Kanna Gounder v. Arjuna Gounder) 2003-1-L.W. 408 : 2003 (1) MLJ 145
(G. Sekar v. Geetha) 2009-3-L.W. 807 : 2009 (6) SCC 99
Anivillah Sundararamaya v. Cherla Seethamma and others [1911 (21) MLJ 695]
(Kanna Gounder v. Arjuna Gounder) 2003-1-L.W. 408 : 2003 (1) MLJ 145
(Kanna Gounder and another v. Arjuna Gounder) 2003-1-L.W. 408 : (2003) 1 M.L.J. 145
(G. Sekar v. Geetha) 2009-3-L.W. 807 : 2009 (6) SCC 99
(Valliammal v. Muniyappan) 2008 (4) CTC 773
(Meenakshiammal v. Ramasamy Muthiriar and others) 1998 (3) MLJ 390
(Shanmugaiah and another v. Thirumalayandi alias Thirumalai Pandaram and others) 2004 (2) MLJ 457
(Valliammal v. Muniyappan) 2008 (4) CTC 773
(R. Kuppayee v. Raja Gounder) 2004-2-L.W. 386 : AIR 2004 SC 1284
Pugalia Vettorammal and another v. Vettor Goundan
Karuppa Gounder and others v. Palaniammal and others [1963 (1) MLJ 86]
1998 (3) MLJ 390 (Meenakshiammal v. Ramasamy Muthiriar and others)
(Dwarampudi Nagaratnamba v. Kunuku Ramayya and another) AIR 1968 SC 253
(K.M. Thangavel v. K.T. Udayakumar) 2014-2-L.W. 113 : 2014 (2) CTC 113
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