MADRAS HIGH COURT
V. Ramasubramanian and P.R. Shivakumar, JJ.
S. Nandhivarman and another - Applicants
Versus
J. Kumaran and others – Respondents
Rev. A. Nos. 69 and 70 of 2015 and W.P. No. 34971 of 2014.
Decided on : 01-4-2015
Constitution Of India - Article 16(1) - Article 16(2) - Clause (4) of Article 16 - Article 340(1) - Article 341(1) - Article 342 - Article 342(1) - Article 32 - Articles 341 and 342 - Article 15(4) - Article 246 - Article 239 - Article 141 - Posts Of Civil Judges – Citizen Of Puducherry - A notification for recruitment to 8 posts of Civil Judges in Puducherry Judicial Service was issued - Out of 8 posts, 1 was reserved for Scheduled Castes, 2 for other Backward Classes and 5 were unreserved - Paragraph 2 of notification stated that reservation of posts for Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes/Other Backward Classes shall be in accordance with orders issued by Central Government from time to time - Recruitment comprised of a two tier selection process, first comprising of a written examination in four papers namely (1) Translation (2) Law Paper-I, (3) Law Paper-II and (4) Law Paper-III conducted on 17th and and the second comprising of a viva voce - As per notification read with Schedule to Puducherry Judicial Services Rules, candidates belonging to Scheduled Castes were required to secure a minimum of 30% marks, candidates belonging to Backward Classes were required to secure a minimum of 35% marks and general category candidates were required to secure a minimum of 40% marks in each of four papers to qualify for viva voce - Written examinations were scheduled to be held in two centers namely Chennai and Puducherry - Within a month of publication of notification, but before the date of written examinations, first respondent herein who is a practicing advocate, came up with a writ petition in W.P.No.34971 of 2014, praying for issue of a declaration that candidates having residence at Puducherry Region – Held, In such circumstances, it is not possible for this Court to interpret decisions of Supreme Court starting from Marri Chandra and ending with Puducherry SC People Welfare Association to effect that to claim benefit of reservation in Union Territory of Puducherry, a person need not even be a resident - Even if he wants to claim benefits of the decision in Pushpa, he must be a migrant - But unfortunately, none of review applicants herein are either residents of or migrants to Union Territory of Puducherry - Therefore, they may not be entitled to claim benefit of Presidential Order 1964 - Even if court keep all decisions of Supreme Court aside for a moment and go to fundamental principles, it could be seen that a person can claim benefit of reservation only on basis of Presidential Order - If Presidential Order restricts benefit to residents, no one else can claim benefit - In any case, two member Bench of Supreme Court declared in Subhash Chandra that observations in S.Pushpa were obiter - Attempt made by another two member Bench in State of Uttaranchal to have issue resolved by making a reference to a larger Bench has failed - Therefore, even if court take it that law is in a state of flux, benefit would go to respondents, as court are now dealing with a review - A petition for review cannot succeed, if there are two views possible on an issue - That two views are possible is seen from swing made by Supreme Court from one extreme to other - Therefore, this is not a fit case for review – Appeal Dimsissed.
V. Ramasubramanian, J.
These Review Applications are filed by the third parties seeking review of the order passed by this Court in a writ petition filed by the first respondent herein.
2. We have heard Mr.V.Raghavachari and Mr.L.S.M.Hassan Faizal, learned counsel for the applicants/third-parties, Mr.J.Kumaran, first respondent appearing in person, Mr.T.Murugesan, learned Senior Counsel and Government Pleader of Pondicherry, Mr.V.Ayyadurai, learned counsel appearing for the High Court, Mr.K.S.Ilangovan, learned counsel appearing for the Puducherry Bar Association and Ms.C.N.G.Niraimathi, learned counsel appearing for the Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission.
3. A notification for recruitment to 8 posts of Civil Judges in the Puducherry Judicial Service was issued on 23.11.2014. Out of the 8 posts, 1 was reserved for Scheduled Castes, 2 for other Backward Classes and 5 were unreserved. Paragraph 2 of the notification stated that the reservation of posts for Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes/Other Backward Classes shall be in accordance with the orders issued by the Central Government from time to time.
4. The recruitment comprised of a two tier selection process, the first comprising of a written examination in four papers namely (1) Translation (2) Law Paper-I, (3) Law Paper-II and (4) Law Paper-III conducted on 17th and 18th of January, 2015 and the second comprising of a viva voce. As per the notification read with the Schedule to the Puducherry Judicial Services (Cadre and Recruitment) Rules, candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes were required to secure a minimum of 30% marks, candidates belonging to the Backward Classes were required to secure a minimum of 35% marks and the general category candidates were required to secure a minimum of 40% marks in each of the four papers to qualify for the viva voce. The written examinations were scheduled to be held in two centers namely Chennai and Puducherry.
5. Within a month of the publication of the notification, but before the date of the written examinations, the first respondent herein who is a practicing advocate, came up with a writ petition in W.P.No.34971 of 2014, praying for the issue of a declaration that candidates having residence at Puducherry Region alone are entitled to the benefits of reservation and to direct the High Court not to grant the benefit of reservation to persons who are not the residents of Puducherry.
6. The writ petition was allowed by the Bench by an order dated 23.1.2015, on the basis of the ratio laid down by the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court in Marri Chandra Shekhar Rao v. Dean, Seth G.S.Medical College [(1990) 3 SCC 130] and the decision of a two member Bench in Subhash Chandra v. Delhi Subordinate Services Selection Board [(2009) 15 SCC 448]. It was held by the Bench that candidates belonging to the Backward Classes and Scheduled Castes who are not the residents of Puducherry, can be treated only as general category candidates in view of the Presidential Order issued in 1964.
7. Aggrieved by the said decision, two advocates who had taken part in the selection and who were treated as general category candidates, have come up with the above Review Applications. The main grounds on which the applicants seek review of the order are:-
(i) that the first respondent herein obtained an order without even impleading the candidates like the applicants; and
(ii) that the decision of the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court in Marri Chandra Shekhar Rao was clarified by a three member Bench of the Supreme Court in Pushpa v. Sivachanmugavelu [(2004) 3 SCC 132] and that Supreme Court held in State of Uttaranchal v. Sandeep Kumar [(2010) 12 SCC 794 that the observations in Subhash Chandra, nullifying the effect of the decision in Pushpa were not correct.
8. We have carefully considered the above submissions.
9. The first ground on which the applicants seek review of the order in question is that necessary parties namely those hailing from the St
Action Committee v. Union of India [(1994) 5 SCC 244]
Deepak Kumar v. District and Sessions Judge
M.C.D v. Veena [(2001) 6 SCC 571]
Marri Chandra Shekhar Rao v. Dean
Puducherry SC People Welfare Association v. Chief Secretary to Government [(2014) 9 SCC 236]
Pushpa v. Sivachanmugavelu [(2004) 3 SCC 132]
S.Pushpa v. Sivachanmugvelu [(2005) 3 SCC 1]
State of Uttaranchal v. Sandeep Kumar [(2010) 12 SCC 794]
State of Uttaranchal v. Sandeep Kumar Singh [(2014) 9 SCC 236]
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