IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
N. ANAND VENKATESH, J.
Kaviyarasan - Appellant
Versus
The Superintendent of Prison, Central Prison, Cuddalore & Others - Respondent
Crl.O.P No. 14729 of 2020
Decided On : 29-01-2021
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 167(2), 427, 433-A, 428, 482 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Explosive Substances Act, 1908 - Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 - Criminal Original Petition - Period of detention undergone by accused to be set-off against sentence of imprisonment - Seeking a direction to Respondents, to consider representation – Whether period of detention undergone by an accused in some other case could be subject-matter of an order of set-off in connection with a different case - Whether Petitioner will be entitled to claim benefit of set-off under Section 428 of Cr.P.C., for entire period, against sentence imposed - Held, Petitioner is acquitted in two cases that are pending against him at stage of trial may be taken - In such a scenario, can it be held that pre-trial detention of Petitioner in those two cases in which he is acquitted, can be considered for set-off against period of sentence that is undergone by him - Without any doubt, answer will be in negative -By no stretch Section 428 of Cr.P.C., will have an application in such a scenario and to apply said provision will amount to causing violence to plain language used in said provision - Pre-trial detention in every case will apply only to that case for purpose of a set-off, and that period can never be used towards set-off in any other case - This scenario will change once there is a conviction and sentence in second and subsequent cases also, in which event merger of sentences will start operating - Even in such a scenario, pre-trial detention will be case-specifically adjusted towards sentence in that case and what actually gets merged is ultimate conviction in those cases when it is running concurrently during same period - Criminal Original Petition is dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
Prayer: Criminal Original Petition filed under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, to issue a direction to the respondent to consider the representation of the petitioner dated 3.9.2020 and set off the petitioner's remand period from 04.09.2014 to 31.1.2020 as on under trial prisoner produced under P.T.Warrant in S.C.No.7 of 2017 (On the file of the Sessions Court for Exclusive Trial of Bomb Blast Cases, Poonamallee, Chennai.)
1. This Criminal Original Petition has been filed seeking a direction to the Respondents, to consider the representation made by the Petitioner wherein, the Petitioner had sought for set-off of the remand period of the Petitioner from 04.09.2014 to 31.01.2020, against the sentence period imposed in S.C.No.07 of 2017, by the Sessions Court for the Exclusive Trial of Bomb Blast Cases, Chennai at Poonamallee, by order dt. 30.01.2020.
2. The Petitioner was arrested on 11.03.2014, based on the FIR registered in Crime No.47 of 2014 by the Othakadai Police Station, Madurai and he was remanded to Judicial Custody, for various offences under The Indian Penal Code, 1860 (hereinafter referred to as “IPC”), The Explosive Substances Act, 1908 (hereinafter referred to as “ES Act”) and Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (hereinafter referred to as “UAP Act”). This case is now pending at the stage of trial in S.C. No.401 of 2015, on the file of the VI Additional District and Sessions Judge, Madurai.
3. When the Petitioner was in judicial custody in the above case, he was formally arrested by the Q-Branch, CID, Ramanathapuram Circle in Crime No.10 of 2014, through a PT Warrant and he was remanded to judicial custody on the same day, for various offences under IPC, ES Act and UAP Act. In this case, the Petitioner was arrayed as A4, and he underwent trial in S.C. No.7 of 2017 and by judgement dt. 30.01.2020, the Sessions Court for Exclusive Trial of Bomb Blast Cases, Chennai at Poonamallee, convicted the Petitioner for all the offences and the maximum sentence was imposed for offences under the UAP Act and the ES Act for which he was sentenced to undergo five years Rigorous Imprisonment and all the sentences were ordered to run concurrently. The Sessions Court ordered for set-off under Section 428 of The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as “Cr.P.C.”) for the remand period already undergone by the Petitioner from 25.03.2014 to 04.09.2014.
4. When the Petitioner was in judicial custody in the above cases, he was arrested in yet another case by the National Investigation Agency (NIA) in R.C.No.01 of 2014, and he was remanded to judicial custody for various offences under IPC, ES Act and UAP Act, on 09.04.2014. This case is now pending in S.C.No.05 of 2014, at the stage of trial before the Special Court, Pondicherry.
5. It is also seen from records that the extension of remand of the Petitioner in Crime No. 10 of 2014 beyond 90 days up to 180 days by the Judicial Magistrate, Thirupathur, by dismissing the application under Section 167(2) of Cr.P.C., became a subject matter of challenge before this Court in Crl. R.C. (MD) No.370 of 2014. This Court passed a detailed order on 02.09.2014, allowing the Criminal Revision Petition and setting aside the extension of remand. The Petitioner was directed to be released forthwith unless his detention has been authorised by some other order in connection with some other case. Thus, by virtue of this order, the detention of the Petitioner, in this case, came to an end with effect from 02.09.2014. However, the Petitioner could not come out of jail since his remand continued in the other cases.
6. As stated supra, the case in Crime No.10 of 2014, ended in conviction and sentence in S.C.No.07 of 2017, by judgement dt. 30.01.2020, wherein the maximum sentence imposed on the Petitioner, was five years of Rigorous Imprisonment. The Sessions Court ordered for set-off of the pre-trial detention period from 25.02.2014 to 04.09.2014, and the Petitioner
State of Maharashtra v. Najakat Alia Mubarak Ali reported in (2001) 6 SCC 311
Raghbir Singh v. State of Haryana (1984) 4 SCC 348: 1984 SCC (Cri) 616
State of Punjab v. Madam Lal reported in (2009) 5 SCC 238
Atul Manubhai Parekh v. CBI reported in (2010) 1 SCC 603
State of Punjab v. Madan Lal (2009) 5 SCC 238 : (2009) 2 SCC (Cri) 650
Champalal Punjaji Shah v. State of Maharashtra (1982) 1 SCC 507: 1982 SCC (Cri) 265
Govt. of A.P. v. Anne Venkatesware (1977) 3 SCC 298: 1977 SCC (Cri) 508
Maliyakkal Abdul Azeez v. Collector (2003) 2 SCC 439: 2003 SCC (Cri) 551
Govt. of A.P. v. Anne Venkatesware reported in (1977) 3 SCC 298
Pyare Mohan Lal v. State of Jharkhand reported in (2010) 10 SCC 693
Kalim Ahemad v. State of Gujarat reported in (2012) 2 GLH 234
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