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2021 Supreme(Mad) 2759

BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
M. NIRMAL KUMAR, J.
Shanu Sheik & Ors. - Petitioners
Versus
The State through The Deputy Superintendent of Police, Economic Offences Wing - II, Madurai & Ors. - Respondents
Crl. O.P.(MD) No. 9981 of 2016 and Crl. M.P.(MD) No. 5006 of 2016 and Crl. R.C.(MD) No. 451 of 2016 and Crl. M.P.(MD) No. 5190 of 2016
Decided On : 01-04-2021

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioners: Mr. A. Ramesh, Sr. Counsel For Mr. D. Shanmugaraja Sethupathi.
For the Respondents:Mr. K. Suyambulinga Bharathi, Govt. Advocate, Mr. S.T. Sasidharan Tamil Kani, Ms. P. Yasmin Begum.

Headnote:

Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 406, 420, r/w 120-B - Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 – Section 141 - Tamil Nadu Protection of Interests of Depositors (In Financial Establishment) Act, 1997 - Section 5 – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 207 – Proprietary ship Firm – Criminal Conspiracy and Cheating - Offences by companies- Prosecution had roped in the petitioners, since they belonged to one family. Admittedly, petitioners are neither Directors nor partners of A1 company and A2 Firm and they have nothing to do with any of the transactions of A1 and A2. Just because, they are from one family they cannot be arrayed as accused. Further, Section 5 of TNPID Act is akin to Section 141 of Negotiable Instruments Act, wherein it is clearly mentioned that persons, who sought to be made should be vicariously liable for criminal offence and Section 5 of TNPID Act, contemplates that persons, who are responsible for Management of affairs of financial establishment is liable to be prosecuted - Held, The point of incharge and active participation under Section 141 of Negotiable Instruments Act, which is akin to Section 5 of TNPID Act, cannot be accepted. The offence under Section 141 of Negotiable Instruments Act is a private compliant procedures where before filing private complaints, notice has to be given to Directors and persons incharge so that they can give explanation and justification - Non-banking financial companies started issuing catchy and misleading advertisements, soliciting deposits from general public, offering tempting schemes, but without giving any information regarding scheme of Multi Level Marketing or Pyramid Concept of Business System. Uninformed and gullible small depositors, fall prey to such mala fide modus operandi of augmentation of deposits. Such unfair growth of deposits, outside banking system and proliferation of institutions both financial and non-financial, depending mainly or wholly on deposits from general public. Such companies should not have unlimited and unrestricted access to public funds. Such unfettered augmentations of deposits from general public creates unhealthy situation for depositors created lots of problems in implementation of monetary and credit systems of the Country - Criminal Original Petition and Criminal Revision Case are dismissed.

ORDER :

The Criminal Original Petition has been filed praying to quash the proceedings in C.C.No.3 of 2016, on the file of the learned Special Judge for TNPID Act cases at Madurai.

2. The Criminal Revision is filed to set aside the order taking cognizance as C.C.No.3 of 2016, on the file of the learned Special Judge for TNPID Act cases at Madurai.

3. Petitioner in Crl.O.P.(MD) No.9981 of 2016 is arrayed as A4 and the petitioner in Crl.R.C.(MD) No.451 of 2016 is arrayed as A6 in C.C.No.3 of 2016. There are totally seven accused in this case. A1 is Company, A2 is Proprietaryship Firm, A3 is Managing Director and Proprietor of A2; A4 is the wife of A3 and she is neither a Director nor a Partner of A1 Company and A2 Firm; A5 & A6 are the sons of A3 and A4, A5 is the Director of A1 Company, A6 is the other son of A3 and A4, who is neither a Director nor a Partner of A1 Company and A2 Firm and A7 is a relative of A3, who is reported no more.

4. Since the issue involved in the Criminal Original Petition and the Criminal Revision Case are one and the same, they are taken up together and disposed of by this common order.

5. The case in hand has got a long chequered history, in view of the same, a brochure is necessary for the purpose of clarity.

(i). The case in Crime No.28 of 2010 came to be registered on 06.05.2010, for the offence under Sections 406, 420, r/w 120-B of IPC., and under Section 5 of Tamil Nadu Protection of Interests of Depositors (In Financial Establishment) Act, 1997, against the accused. The FIR came to be registered on the complaint of S. Deivendran / R2 in this case. The FIR was registered against (1) G. Sheik Mohidheen, Managing Director of P.M.C; (2) S. Shanu Sheik, W/o. Sheik Mohidheen; (3) Ghouse Sardhar Hussain S/o. Sheik Mohidheen; (4) S.G. Yaboob Hussain S/o. Sheik Mohidheen; Sivakumar, Director of P.M.C. and (6) M. Mubarak Ali S/o. Mohammed Ali. Subsequent to the complaint, A1/ Sheik Mohidheen was arrested. The petitions in Crl.O.P.No.8194 of 2010 and Crl.O.P.(MD) No.11135 of 2010, seeking anticipatory bail were filed by S. Shanu, G. Ghouse Sharthar Hussain, Ghouse Yusuf Hussain, Sivakumar, Mubarak Ali / A2 to A6 in FIR No.28 of 2010. Further, the Criminal Original Petition in Crl.O.P.(MD) No.10477 of 2010 was filed by G. Sheik Mohidheen, S. Shanu, S. Ghouse Sardar Hussain, S. Ghouse Yacoob Hussain, N. Sivakumar / A1 to A5 in FIR No.28 of 2010. All the petitions were heard together and dismissed by this Court, by a common Order, dated 13.11.2010.

(ii). Thereafter, A2 and A4 in Crime No.28 of 2010, viz., S. Ghouse Yacoob Hussain and Shaanu filed Criminal Original Petitions in Crl.O.P.(MD) No.4890 and 4892 of 2011, seeking to quash the said FIR. This Court, by order dated 30.07.2012, quashed the FIR, as against A2 and A4 alone in Crime No.28 of 2010. Aggrieved over the same, the State preferred Special Leave Petitions in SLP No.9855 and 9856 of 2015, before the Hon'ble Apex Court. The Hon'ble Apex Court, by order dated 27.11.2015 set aside the order of this Court, dated 30.07.2012.

(iii) Thereafter, after completion of investigation, the 1st respondent filed the final report in Crime No.28 of 2010, under Section 173(2) of Cr.P.C., before the Special Court for TNPID Act Cases, Madurai, on 21.11.2012, which returned on 10.11.2012 pointing out certain defects, latter represented on 08.01.2013. The charge sheet filed against five persons viz., PMC Mercantile Private Limited, represented by A3 and A4 (2) M/s.Paramount Marketing Corporation, represented by A3; (3) G. Sheik Mohideen (4) Ghouse Sardhar Hussain and (5) Mubarak Ali, which was taken on file as C.C.No.10 of 2013, on 23.02.2013.

(iv) Challenging the cognizance taken by the trial Court, Criminal Revision Case in Crl.R.C(MD) No.231 of 2013 filed before this Court and this Court, by order dated 31.07.2014, finding error apparent on the face of the record, which is liable to be corrected, allowed the Revision by observing that 'further investigation is being conducte

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