IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
S. SOUNTHAR, J.
Gowri & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Pooraniammal (Died) & Ors. - Respondents
S.A. No. 851 of 2017
Decided On : 30-11-2023
Benami Prohibition Act - Property Partition - Section 3 (2) of Benami Prohibition Act - [PROPERTY PARTITION] - [Benami Prohibition Act, 1988, Section 3 (2)] - The court discussed the legal presumption available under Section 3 (2) of Benami Prohibition Act, which presumes that a property purchased in the name of the wife is for her benefit, unless the contrary is proved. The court held that even if the consideration for the property was paid by the husband, the property is deemed to be purchased for the benefit of the wife. The court also highlighted the legal position under Section 14(1) of Hindu Succession Act, stating that when a property is acquired in the name of a female Hindu, it is treated as her absolute property. These legal provisions influenced the court's decision to confirm that the disputed properties were separate properties of Pooraniammal and not available for partition.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit for partition claiming a share in the suit property. The trial court granted a preliminary decree for partition, which was reversed by the first appellate court in respect of certain items. The defendants appealed this decision, arguing that the properties were purchased by the deceased husband and were not available for partition.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the properties in question were separate properties of Pooraniammal and not available for partition. The settlement deeds executed by her pending litigation were deemed valid. The court also directed the commencement of final decree proceedings.
Issues: Dispute over the partition of properties claimed by the plaintiffs, validity of settlement deeds executed by Pooraniammal, and the time limit for passing the final decree.
Ratio Decidendi: The legal presumption under Section 3 (2) of Benami Prohibition Act and the treatment of properties acquired in the name of a female Hindu under Section 14(1) of Hindu Succession Act influenced the court's decision. The court also emphasized that the doctrine of Lis Pendens only makes the settlement deeds subject to the result of the suit, and does not invalidate them.
Final Decision: The Second Appeal was dismissed, confirming the judgment and decree passed by the First Appellate Court. The court directed the commencement of final decree proceedings and found no substantial questions of law to interfere with the findings of the First Appellate Court.
JUDGMENT
(Prayer: Second Appeal filed under Section 100 of the Civil Procedure Code, praying to set aside the reversing judgment dated 22.07.2013 made in A.S.No.45 of 2009 on the file of the Court of Subordinate Judge, Maduranthakam and restore the judgment dated 21.09.2005 made in O.S.No.77 of 2004 on the file of the Court of District Munsiff Court, Maduranthakam and allow the above second appeal.)
1. The defendants 2 to 5 are the appellants. The first respondent and his mother Pooraniammal filed a suit for partition claiming 7/18 share in the suit property. The Trial Court granted preliminary decree for partition of 11/36 share in favour of 1st plaintiff Pooraniammal, 6/36 share in favour of 2nd Plaintiff/1st Respondent, 6/36 share in the suit property in favour of defendants 1 and 3, 3/36 in favour of second defendant and 2/36 in favour of defendants 4 and 5. Aggrieved by granting of decree in respect of items 17 to 20, the appellants preferred an appeal. The first Appellate Court reversed the findings of the trial Court insofar as items 17 to 20 are concerned and set aside the decree for partition in respect of items 17 to 20. In other respects, the decree passed by the trial Court was confirmed. Aggrieved by the same, the defendants 2 to 5 have come by way of this second appeal.
2. According to the plaintiffs, the first plaintiff is the wife of one deceased Kannan and the second plaintiff is the son of Kannan. The defendants are other legal representatives of the said Kannan and suit properties item 1 to 17 are self acquired properties of Kannan. After his death, the plaintiffs and defendants are entitled to share in the said properties left out by Kannan, since they are all sons, daughters and Class I heirs of deceased sons Palani and Harikrishnan. Therefore, the first plaintiff Pooraniammal and 2nd plaintiff Saravanan claimed 4/18 and 3/18 share respectively and laid suit for partition jointly claiming 7/18 share.
3. The defendants filed a written statement contending that there were other properties which had not been included in the plaint, purchased in the name of Pooraniammal by deceased Kannan. It was further contended that Pooraniammal had no independent source of income to purchase the property in her name and those properties were purchased by Kannan out of his own funds. The said properties were described in the written statement of the defendants. Those properties in items 17 to 20 were treated as joint family properties and a preliminary decree for partition was passed by the Court below.
4. Before the trial Court, the 2nd plaintiff Saravanan was examined as PW.1 and the First plaintiff Pooraniammal was examined as PW.2. Four documents were marked on behalf of the plaintiffs as Exs.A1 to A4. On behalf of the defendants, the 4th defendant was examined as DW.1 and three documents were marked as Exs.B1 to B3.
5. The trial Court on appreciation of oral and documentary evidence, came to the conclusion that the first plaintiff Pooraniammal had no exclusive right over items 17 to 20 of the suit properties and the said properties were also available for partition. Accordingly, the trial Court granted preliminary decree for partition as mentioned above in respect of all the 20 items including four items over which the share was claimed by the defendants.
6. Aggrieved by the said judgment and decree, the plaintiffs preferred an appeal in A.S.No.45 of 2009 on the file of the Subordinate Judge, Maduranthakam. Along with the said appeal, the plaintiffs also preferred an application in I.A.No.191 of 2012 for marking two documents namely Ex.A5 dated 27.11.2004 settlement deed executed by the first plaintiff in favour of Revathy, wife of the second plaintiff and Ex.A6 settlement deed executed by the first plaintiff in favour of second plaintiff. The first plaintiff Pooraniammal executed those two settlement deeds in respect of items 17 to 20 in favour of Revathy and second plaintiff. The First Appellate Court on re-appreciation of
AI
While a registered property holder enjoys a presumption of absolute title requiring strong contrary evidence to rebut, an appellate court retains the discretionary power to admit additional evidence ....
The court affirmed that items 1 and 2 of suit properties are ancestral, and items 3 to 11 are self-acquired, highlighting the plaintiffs' burden to prove family property claims.
Properties in female Hindu's name post-Hindu Succession Act presumed self-acquired; plaintiffs bear heavy burden to prove joint family funds usage.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the determination of the availability of ancestral properties for partition and the rights of legal representatives in sharing the properties.
Jointly held family properties can be classified as ancestral, particularly when the purchase is funded by the joint family's income, despite claims of individual contribution.
Self-acquired properties via gift, purchase, and personal funds retain separate character, not blending into ancestral nucleus despite family management.
The court affirmed that daughters are coparceners entitled to equal shares in ancestral property, overriding claims of separate ownership based on the Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act.
A partition deed made in good faith to resolve family disputes is legally binding, and claims of ownership must adhere to existing rights.
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.