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2025 Supreme(Mad) 3606

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
N. SATHISH KUMAR, J.
Rajamani - Appellant
Versus
V. Munian - Respondent
A.S. No. 90 of 2022
Decided On : 10-02-2025


Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : D. Sathya
For the Respondent: T.S. Vijayaraghavan

The burden of proof for alleging forgery lies with the defendants, and mere evasive denials are insufficient to counter the plaintiff's claims.

Headnote:(A) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 10 - Recovery of advance amount - Plaintiff filed suit for recovery of Rs.10,39,534/- based on agreements for sale of property - Defendants failed to execute sale deed and repay bank loan - Trial Court decreed suit in favor of plaintiff - Defendants claimed agreement was forged and not valid - Court found execution of agreement proved and defendants' denial evasive - No evidence of forgery presented by defendants - (Paras 3, 10, 11, 14)

(B) Burden of Proof - The burden lies on the party alleging forgery to prove such claims - Mere denial without specific evidence is insufficient to counter the plaintiff's claims. (Paras 10, 13)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff entered into multiple agreements with the defendants for the sale of property, paying an advance of Rs.10,00,000/-. The defendants failed to execute the sale deed or repay the bank loan, leading to the suit for recovery of the advance amount.

Findings of Court:
The trial Court found that the plaintiff proved the execution of the sale agreement and that the defendants did not provide sufficient evidence to support their claims of forgery.

Issues: The main issues included the validity of the sale agreement and whether the defendants could prove their allegations of forgery.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the execution of the agreement was sufficiently proven by the plaintiff, and the defendants' general denials were inadequate to establish forgery. The burden of proof lies with the party alleging forgery.

Result: Appeal dismissed; judgment and decree of the trial Court confirmed.

Table of Content
1. details of agreements and payments (Para 3)
2. defendants claim agreement forged (Para 4)
3. trial court framed issues (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
4. plaintiff's evidence supports agreement (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
5. evasive denial deemed admission (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
6. defendants' silence after notice (Para 14)
7. appeal dismissed; trial court's ruling upheld (Para 15)

JUDGMENT :

1. Challenging the decree and judgment of the trial Court decreeing the suit for recovery of a sum of Rs.10,39,534/- the present appeal has been filed by the unsuccessful defendant.

2. The parties are arrayed as per their own ranking before the trial Court.

3. The suit has been filed by the plaintiff for recovery of a sum of Rs.10,39,534/-. According to the plaintiff, the defendants had entered into agreement with the plaintiff on 29.01.2018 to sell the property before the month of Chithirai 2018 for a total sale consideration of Rs.60,91,200/- contending that the property has been purchased by the first defendant. The defendants represented that the original document is with the bank and requested some time to release the document. Hence, another agreement has been entered on 11.05.2018 agreeing to sell the property within three months.However, the defendants have not paid the bank loan and redeemed the original document. Therefore, once again, an agreement was entered between the parties on 16.08.2018 and an advance of Rs.10,00,000/- has also been paid. It is agreed that the balance amount will be paid within a period of three months from the date of the agreement. The plaintiff was always ready and willing to perform his part of the contract. However, the defendants have not executed the sale deed and not paid the bank loan. The plaintiff issued a legal notice in this regard on 31.10.2018 calling upon the defendants to execute the sale deed after receiving the balance sale consideration. However, the defendants have not given any reply. On enquiry, the plaintiff came to know that the defendants have monetarily committed to so many persons. Therefore, the plaintiff felt that it is not advisable to purchase the property. Hence, the plaintiff has filed the suit for recovery of the advance amount paid by him.

4. It is the case of the defendants in the written statement that admitting that the suit property belongs to them, it is the stand of the defendants that they have no necessity to sell the property for a meager price of Rs.60,91,200/-. According to them, the previous agreements have not been filed in the suit. It is their further contention that the second defendant has not executed any sale agreement. Admitting that they had received the legal notice, it is the contention of the defendants that the plaintiff expressed apology and that the notice has been issued due to inducement of his friends, therefore, they have not sent any reply. Hence, opposed the suit.

5. On the basis of the above pleadings, the following issues have been framed by the trial Court. :

1. Whether the suit sale agreement is invalid in the eye of law and the plaintiff is not entitled to any relief under the unregistered sale agreement?

2. Whether the sale agreement is a forged one and the signature of the defendants are created by the plaintiff with the help of friends in a forged manner?

3. Is it correct to state that the defendants agreed to sell the suit property for sale consideration of Rs.60,91,200/- and after getting advance sale consideration of Rs.10,00,000/- they executed the sale agreement?

4. Whether the reason stated by the plaintiff is correct for not purchasing the property after payment of balance sale consideration?

5. Whether the plaintiff is entitled for the reliefs claimed by him?

6. Before the trial Court, on the side of the plaintiff, P.W.1 and P.W.2 have been examined and Ex.A.1 to A6 have been marked. On the side of the defendants, D.W.1 to D.W.3 have been examined and no document has been filed on the side of the defendants. The trial Court, considering the entire

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