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2024 Supreme(Mad) 2433

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
V. LAKSHMINARAYANAN, J.
Sadakula Telungar Sangam, Represented by its President J. Palani, S/o Jayaraman - Appellant 
Versus
Mount Saint Joseph Convent, represented by its Mother Superior and Ors. – Respondents
Second Appeal No.17 of 2019 and C.M.P. Nos.267 and 268 of 2019
Decided On : 03-07-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Mr. D. Ravichander
For the Respondents: Mr. Godson Swaminathan for M/s. Isaac Chambers, Mr. P. Dinesh Kumar, Mr. R. Maheswari.

Failure to adhere to procedural requirements under Order I Rule 8 of the Civil Procedure Code vitiates judgment, necessitating fresh trial for community representation claims.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code - Order I Rule 8 - Representative action - The suit involves ownership over properties claimed by a community since 1989. The plaintiff sought to manage properties for Sadakula Telungar Sangam and issued an injunction against defendants. Courts previously denied exclusive rights to the Sangam yet allowed community claims. The trial court erred by dismissing due to procedural failure under Order I Rule 8, requiring notice to community members - Noting that appeal focuses on procedural propriety rather than merits. (Paras 1-16).

(B) Res Judicata - The trial court's dismissal of the action was challenged on grounds of Res Judicata but the court affirmed community entitlement over properties irrespective of Sangam membership. (Paras 10-11).

(C) Appeal Procedure - It was emphasized that mandatory publication notice under Order I Rule 8(2) was not followed, impacting the validity of prior judgments. (Para 15).

Findings of Court:
The lower courts erred procedurally, resulting in restoration of the suit for a de novo trial.

Result: Second appeal allowed.

Table of Content
1. litigation over community property rights. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. previous court decisions established community ownership. (Para 4 , 5)
3. community members collectively entitled to properties. (Para 6 , 10)
4. procedural issues regarding representation and notice. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
5. mandatory notice under cpc for representative suits. (Para 11 , 14)
6. court's obligation to issue notice (Para 12)
7. appeal resolved on procedural errors, case restored for trial. (Para 15 , 16)

JUDGMENT :

V. LAKSHMINARAYANAN, J.

1. This is a very unfortunate case languishing in the Courts litigating over the rights of a community over the suit schedule properties from 1989 onwards.

2. The appellant before me is the plaintiff in the suit. He laid O.S.No.186 of 2002 on the file of the learned Principal Subordinate Judge at Tiruvannamalai. The said suit sought for the relief of declaration that the plaintiff is entitled to manage the suit schedule mentioned properties on behalf of Sadukula Telungar Sangam and for a permanent injunction restraining the defendants 1 and 2 from interfering with the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the plaintiff. The plaintiff also sought for an injunction that the defendants 1 and 2 should not encumber the property shown as 'A' Schedule and also sought for recovery of possession of the 'C' Schedule property alienated by the defendants 1 and 2 in favour of the third defendant.

3. The suit was presented by the plaintiff claiming that it had been formed for the members of Sadakula Telungars residing in 14 villages around the town of Tiruvannamalai. It would plead that the defendant is also such a Sangam consisting of Sadakula Telungars, but it is an unregistered one.

4. The prior history is as follows:-

The first defendant viz., Ganapathy Naidu, as the President of the Sadakula Telungar Sangam had presented O.S.No.59 of 1989 claiming title over the suit schedule mentioned properties. The said suit came to be decreed by the trial Court. Aggrieved by the same, a regular appeal was preferred before the learned District Judge at Tiruvannamalai and it was taken on file as A.S.No.195 of 1997. The appeal came to be dismissed on 13.10.1998. It is pertinent to note that though the lower appellate Court concurred with the findings of the Court below that the plaintiff/defendant therein does not have exclusive right, title or interest over the property, it granted a declaration that the suit properties belong to Sadakula Telungar Naickers living in all the 14 villages. It also granted a permanent injunction restraining the defendants therein from interfering with the peaceful administration of the Sangam.

5. Aggrieved by the same, the defendants therein preferred a Second Appeal before this Court in S.A.No.1832 of 1998. This Court, while dismissing the Second Appeal on 06.02.2002, held as follows:

"9. The Courts below also found that the plaintiff is in possession of the property be leasing it out. The lower appellate Court, after appreciating the evidence, correctly found that all the suit properties are absolute properties of Sadakula Telungar Naickers who are living in 14 villages mentioned in the plaint. On the other hand, the lower appellate Court has not granted the decree as prayed for by the plaintiff/Sangam. The lower appellate Court has not declared that the suit property belongs to the plaintiff/Sangam. So, the plaintiff/Sangam or its members, cannot claim any exclusive right or title to the suit property as the decree passed by the lower appellate Court has become final insofar as the plaintiff/Sangam is concerned. But only, "Sadakula Telungar Naickers" residing in the said 14 villages, are entitled to the said suit properties even if they are members of the plaintiff/Sangam or defendants/Sangams. When such a decree has been passed, I am not able to understand as to how the defendants are aggrieved by the said decree. If the defendants also come within the said qualification, they are also entitled to get the be

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