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2026 Supreme(Mad) 61

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
R.SAKTHIVEL, J.
Vadivel – Petitioners
Versus
Kanagaraj – Respondents
C.R.P. NOS. 1161, 1162 AND 1163 OF 2023 AND C.M.P. NO. 8060, 8057 AND 8070 OF 2023
Decided On : 24-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioners: Mr. K. Gowtham for M/s. S. Mohan
For the Respondents: Ms.V.Srimathi

Dismissal of Interlocutory Applications affirmed as documents sought were irrelevant and delay in proceedings does not justify reopening closed evidence.

Headnote:(A) Article 227 of the Constitution of India, 1950 - Civil Procedure - Revision Petitions - The dismissal of Interlocutory Applications by the Trial Court was upheld as the documents sought were found irrelevant to the dispute, with the Court affirming that the delay in proceedings does not merit reopening closed evidence. (Paras 3, 13, 20)

(B) Civil Procedure - The principles of natural justice - The Court found no violation of principles of natural justice as the Trial Court acted within its discretion to dismiss the applications, determining that they were merely dilatory tactics. (Paras 16, 20)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiffs (sons of the first defendant) filed for partition of ancestral properties, while the defendants contested the suit alleging prior transactions and the suit being barred by limitation. The Trial Court dismissed the plaintiffs' Interlocutory Applications for re-opening evidence, leading to these appeals.

Findings of Court:
The Trial Court's dismissal of the Interlocutory Applications was concurred with, as the documents were deemed irrelevant to the case and the actions of plaintiffs were seen as dilatory.

Issues: The core issue revolved around whether the documents sought by the plaintiffs were pertinent to the suit, amidst claims of the suit being barred by limitation and prior private transactions.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court emphasized that the delay in litigation does not compel the reopening of evidence unless there is relevance and necessity, affirming the Trial Court's conclusion that the applications were strategically unfounded.

Result: Civil Revision Petitions dismissed; Orders of the Trial Court confirmed.

Table of Content
1. overview of case and parties. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. details of the suit and claims. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 10)
3. defendants' assertions and counterarguments. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
4. trial court's proceedings and decisions. (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
5. arguments from both counsel. (Para 14 , 15)
6. court's assessment of document relevance. (Para 19 , 20)
7. final orders and directions. (Para 21 , 22)

ORDER :

R.SAKTHIVEL, J.

1. These three Civil Revision Petitions arise out of the Orders passed in I.A. No.7 of 2022, I.A. No.9 of 2022 and I.A. No.8 of 2022 in O.S. No.513 of 1998 by the Principal District Munsif Court, Perambalur, as tabulated below:

S.No.I.A. No.O.S. No.Order datedOn the file ofC.R.P. No.
17 of 2022513 of 1998November 10, 2022Principal District Munsif, Perambalur1161 of 2023
29 of 2022513 of 1998November 10, 2022Principal District Munsif, Perambalur1162 of 2023
38 of 2022513 of 1998November 10, 2022Principal District Munsif, Perambalur1163 of 2023

2. The revision petitioners herein are the plaintiffs and the respondents herein are the defendants in O.S. No.513 of 1998 on the file of 'the Principal District Munsif Court, Perambalur' ['Trial Court' for convenience]. The petitioners in the Interlocutory Applications who are the plaintiffs in the Suit have preferred these Civil Revision Petitions under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, 1950 assailing the dismissal Orders passed in the aforesaid Interlocutory Applications.

3. For the sake of convenience, hereinafter, the parties will be referred to as per their array in the Original Suit.

4. The plaintiffs filed the Original Suit seeking partition and division of Suit Property. Originally, the first plaintiff - Vadivel alone filed the Suit and the second plaintiff - Chidambaram was arrayed as fourth defendant. Thereafter, the fourth defendant was transposed as second plaintiff. The plaintiffs are the sons and the defendants 2 and 3 are the daughters of the first defendant - Kanagaraj.

5. The case of the plaintiffs is that the Suit Properties are ancestral properties and the marriage of defendants 2 and 3 held after Tamil Nadu Act No.1 of 1990 and therefore, they are entitled to the benefit of the same. Hence, the plaintiffs and the defendants 1 to 3 are co-parceners each entitled to 1/5 share in the Suit Properties. Accordingly, the plaintiffs laid a Suit for partition and costs.

6. The defendants 1 to 3 did not enter appearance and therefore they were set ex-parte before the Trial Court. The fourth defendant - Amirtham and sixth defendant - Palaniyandi and seventh defendant - Rajavel, and defendants 8 to 11 who are none other than the sons and daughters of fourth defendant, are contesting the Suit.

7. The case of the fourth defendant is that the Suit Properties are ancestral properties of the first defendant and his father - Singaram. Singaram passed away in the year 1993. During lifetime, Singaram and the first defendant executed Sale Deeds dated May 8, 1976 and April 28, 1979 in respect of Item Nos.1 and 2 of the Suit Properties in favour of the fourth defendant. On and after the purchase, the fourth defendant - Amirtham was in possession and enjoyment of the Suit Property. During the pendency of the Suit, she executed a Gift Settlement Deed in favour of the defendants 8 to 11 who are her sons and daughters. Hence, the Suit is clearly barred by limitation. It is a colluded Suit with a view to defeat and defraud the rights of the fourth defendant - Amirtham.

7.1. Defendants 8 to 11 adopted the written statement filed by the fourth defendant.

8. The sixth defendant - Palaniyandi filed written statement stating that the first defendant and his father Singaram executed a Sale Deed on May 4, 1982 in his favour. The sixth defendant executed a Power of Attorney Deed dated April 3, 2008 appointing one Srinivasan as his power agent. Pursuant to the Power of Attorney Deed, the power agent - Srinivasan executed a Sale Deed in favour of the seventh defendant. The plaintiffs and the de

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