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2026 Supreme(Ori) 75

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
Sibo Sankar Mishra, J.
Pravakar Das - Appellant
Versus
State of Orissa - Respondent
CRA No. 96 of 2001
Decided On : 12-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. Satyabrata Mohapatra, Advocate
For the Respondent: Mr. Ashok Kumar Apat, AGA

Court allows probation post-conviction, confirming the necessity for rehabilitative over punitive measures in light of societal integration and absence of criminal records.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 148, 452, 332, 324, 149 - Criminal Appeal against conviction and sentencing dated 05.04.2001 - Appellants convicted for unlawful assembly and assault of a public servant while he was discharging his duties - The assault led to severe injuries preventing him from performing his duties - The Court found no reason to object to trial court's findings. (Paras 9-10)

(B) Criminal Procedure Code - Section 360 - Delay in judicial process and absence of prior criminal records of appellants - Court considered societal integration and the need for rehabilitation over punishment, extending the benefit of probation - The appeal is allowed partly, and the appellants are released under probation post conviction. (Paras 11-12)

Facts of the case:
The appellants assaulted the informant, a Block Development Officer, while he was conducting official duties, causing significant bodily harm. The report led to their conviction under multiple sections of the IPC for unlawful assembly and hindrance of a public servant.

Findings of Court:
The conviction of the appellants is affirmed; however, instead of imprisonment, they are sentenced to probation under the Probation of Offenders Act.

Issues: The main issues discussed are the evaluation of evidence for conviction and the appropriateness of the sentence considering the time elapsed since the incident.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court emphasized the need for reformative justice in similar cases, allowing the perpetrators to avoid imprisonment due to long-term integration into society and absence of prior offenses.

Result: Criminal Appeal partly allowed.

Table of Content
1. conviction basis on eyewitness testimony. (Para 1 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments on witness credibility and procedural issues. (Para 2 , 7)
3. court's analysis of evidence and judgment precedent. (Para 5 , 6 , 11)
4. application of reformative approach under probation laws. (Para 8 , 10)
5. final order of probation instead of imprisonment. (Para 12 , 13)

JUDGMENT :

S.S. Mishra, J.

The present Criminal Appeal is preferred by the appellants assailing the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 05.04.2001 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Rairangpur, Mayurbhanj in S.T. Case No. 31/151 of 2000 arising out of G.R. Case No.173 of 1999 (T.C. No.1190 of 1999) convicting them under Sections 148/452/332/324/149 IPC and sentenced to undergo R.I. for three months and to pay a fine of Rs.500/-, in default to undergo R.I. for a further period of fifteen days on each count. The sentences were directed to run consecutively.

2. Heard Mr. Satyabrata Mohapatra, learned counsel for the appellants and Mr. Ashok Kumar Apat, learned Additional Government Advocate for the State.

3. The narrative of prosecution report in the present case is that the informant Prasanta Kumar Sahoo lodged a written report alleging therein that on 26.5.99 he was the B.D.O. of Bahalda Block. On that day at about 8.10 A.M. when he was discharging his official duties in his office chamber, at that time all the accused persons forcibly and without his permission entered into his office chamber and questioned him as to why the Gramika Pratinidhi was selected at village Jharadihi. Before giving any answer, all the accused persons dealt fist blows, slaps on his body and by means of one sharp edged stone assaulted on his head. By this, he sustained severe bleeding injuries on his head and the accused persons were also attempted to kill him. When the Block Officials came to the spot, at that time, the accused persons went away by a jeep. Soon-after the occurrence, the informant lodged the report at Bahalda Police Station and thereafter the O.I.C., Bahalda P.S. registered the P.S. Case No.33/99 under Sections 147/148/452/332/307/149 IPC.

4. On the basis of the aforementioned allegations, investigation was conducted and charge sheet was filed against the appellants and on their stance of complete denial and claim for trial, they were put to trial on the charges, as mentioned above.

5. In order to establish the charges, the prosecution has examined six witnesses and exhibited as many as seven documents along with M.Os. I to IV.

Out of six witnesses, P.W.1 was the informant, P.W.2 was a post occurrence witness. P.W.3 and P.W.4 were the independent witnesses. P.W.5 was the doctor, who examined the informant on police requisition. P.W.6 was the Investigating Officer, who conducted investigation and submitted charge sheet in the present case.

6. The learned trial court, upon a thorough and meticulous appreciation of the entire oral and documentary evidence adduced by the prosecution, arrived at the following conclusion:-

“9. Now coming to the discussion of Section 148/452/332/149 I.P.C. I should seen the evidence of P.W.1. Already, I have discussed in my preceding paragraphs that the accused persons being a member of an unlawful assembly holding the deadly weapons i.e. metals (M.O.II and III) attempted to commit the death of P.W.1 by entering into the chamber of P.W.1. So when the accused persons had assaulted the B.D.O. (P.W.1) for that reason I am clear that the accused persons had forming an unlawful assembly with their common object holding deadly weapons entered into the Office chamber of P.W.1 and had assaulted him. In the F.I.R., P.W.1 has mentioned that on 26.5.99 at about 8.10A.M. while he was discharging his official duties in the office chamber, at that time the accused persons had forcibly entered and had assaulted him. He has clearly stated by the assault he did not perform his official duties. Section 332 I.P.C. says that:

"Voluntarily causing hurt to

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