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2026 Supreme(Ori) 221

THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
Sibo Sankar Mishra, J.
Shyamsundar Majhi - Appellant
Versus
State of Orissa - Respondent
CRLA No. 359 of 2009
Decided On : 17-03-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Devi Batsalya Rath, Amicus Curiae
For the Respondent: Mr. Ashok Kumar Apat, AGA

Court emphasized rehabilitation over punishment for first-time offenders under probation regulations, granting the appellant probation due to the lengthy trial and lack of prior offenses.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 324 - Criminal Appeal against conviction under IPC - Appellant convicted of causing simple injury with a knife - Trial Court found insufficient intention for murder, acquitted under Section 307 IPC - Court recognizes the need to consider probation due to lengthy trial and absence of criminal history. (Paras 1, 9-14)

(B) Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 - Applicability of Section 4 - Emphasis on rehabilitation of first-time offenders and discretion of courts to grant probation - Court considers long lapse of time, absence of antecedents, and facts of case favoring probation. (Paras 11-12)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted for stabbing the victim, causing a non-fatal simple wound. The assault happened in April 2008, and the trial concluded in 2009. The trial court, based on witness testimonies, ruled out intent to kill. The appellant had faced a prolonged trial and had no prior criminal record.

Findings of Court:
While the conviction under Section 324 IPC stands, the court decided not to send the appellant to prison but to grant probation in light of circumstances. The court ordered the appellant to pay compensation and keep peace during the probation period.

Issues: Whether the appellant’s actions constituted a serious intention to kill under Section 307 IPC and the appropriateness of sentencing under the Probation of Offenders Act.

Ratio Decidendi: The intention to kill was not established beyond reasonable doubt; rehabilitation through probation was deemed more appropriate after considering the circumstances of the case and the appellant's good behavior since the incident.

Result: Appeal partly allowed; probation granted instead of imprisonment.

Table of Content
1. introduction of appeal and procedural background. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. details of the incident and prosecution case. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. trial court's findings and conclusion on conviction. (Para 7 , 9)
4. conclusion of appeal and appreciation of counsel. (Para 8 , 14 , 15)
5. evidence assessment and corroboration. (Para 10)
6. arguments for probation based on case circumstances. (Para 11 , 12)
7. court's decision on probation and release conditions. (Para 13)

JUDGMENT :

S.S. Mishra, J.

This Criminal Appeal is directed against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 26.08.2009 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge (FTC), Bhawanipatna, Kalahandi in Sessions Case No. 86/67 of 2008 [arising out of G.R. Case No. 184 of 2008 (TR No. 1455 of 2008)], whereby the learned trial court convicted the appellant under Section 324 of IPC and sentenced him to undergo R.I. for six months.

2. This appeal is pending since 2009 and none appeared for the appellant on several dates of hearing. Therefore, vide order dated 12.03.2026, this Court requested Mr. Devi Batsalya Rath, who was present in Court to assist the Court in the capacity of Amicus Curiae and he has readily accepted the same and after obtaining the entire record, assisted the Court very effectively.

3. Heard Mr. Devi Batsalya Rath, learned Amicus Curiae for the appellant and Mr. Ashok Kumar Apat, learned Additional Government Advocate for the State.

4. The prosecution case, in brief, is that on 09.04.2008 at about 9.30 P.M. while the injured Bhismarathi Bag was watching T.V. at Lucky Hotel in front of his house, the accused came there and stabbed a knife to his belly. Fortunately while the accused was stabbing, the injured could catch hold of the hands of the accused for which he did not sustain deep cut injury on his belly. The injured then snatched away the knife from the hands of the accused. Thereafter, the accused fled away from the spot. It is further alleged that earlier to this incident the brother of the accused had also assaulted him and the matter was amicably settled between them.

5. On the basis of the written report of the informant, police registered the case and investigation was conducted and charge sheet has been filed in the present case against the accused for the alleged commission of offence u/s.307 of I.P.C. The accused took a stance of complete denial and claim trial. Accordingly, he was put to trial on the charge, as mentioned above.

6. The prosecution in order to bring home the charges examined as many as nine witnesses and exhibited nine documents. Out of nine witnesses, P.W.1 is the brother of the injured and also an eye witness to the incident; P.W.2 was the owner of the hotel where the incident took place and also an eye witness; P.W.6 was one of the post occurrence witness; P.W.3 was the seizure witness; P.W.4 was the medical officer; P.W.7 was also another medical officer, who had admitted the injured; and P.Ws.8 and 9 were the I.Os. of the present case.

7. Although the appellant stood charged for the offence punishable under Section 307 of the IPC , but the learned trial Court relying upon the evidence of the prosecution, arrived at a conclusion that the appellant is not guilty of offence punishable under of and the appellant is only convicted under Section 324 of and was sentenced to undergo R.I. for six months.

8. Aggrieved by the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 26.08.2009 passed by the learned trial court, the appellant has filed the present appeal.

9. After analysing the evidence on record, the learned trial court arrived at the following conclusion:-

“12. In taking all probable caution while apprising the evidence of P.W.5 with reference to the entire mosaic facts appearing on record, I am clearly of a view that he is truthful and credit worthy and his evidence un-mistakely connects the accused with the commission of the crime .i.e. he stabbed a knife to the belly of the injured.

13. Now I have to

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