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2023 Supreme(P&H) 1490

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Nidhi Gupta, J.
Harbans Kaur (Smt.) – Appellant
Versus
Rajneesh Kumar & Ors. – Respondents
F.A.O. No. 3274 of 2017
Decided On : 03-05-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Parties : Mr. Naveen Gupta, Ms. Madhu Sharma

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Section 166 - Appeal by claimants for enhancement of compensation granted by Motor Accident Claims Tribunal - Compensation of Rs. 4 lacs awarded, later analyzed for contributory negligence and future prospects - Court found deceased liable for 30% contributory negligence and the respondents 70% - Future prospects added at 40% and multiplier of 17 applied. (Paras 3, 13, 15)

(B) Contributory negligence - Assessment must be based on evidence beyond site plans - Direct evidence is essential to substantiate claims of contributory negligence as held in Supreme Court decisions. (Paras 3, 4)

(C) Future prospects - Addition of 40% to income established based on age of deceased, alongside appropriate multiplier application. (Paras 13, 14)

Facts of the case:
The appeal was filed by mother of deceased Sandeep Singh from a motor accident caused due to alleged negligent driving of an offending vehicle. Tribunal initially determined the deceased contributed to the accident.

Findings of Court:
The court determined that the deceased's contribution was 30%, while the offending driver's contribution was 70%. It re-calculated the compensation based on this concession and modified the multiplier from 13 to 17.

Issues: The key issues included whether the finding of contributory negligence against the deceased was justified and the appropriate application of future prospects to the compensation calculation.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that proper evidence must underpin findings of contributory negligence, and adjustments to future earning capacity should be factored into compensation calculations according to judicial precedents.

Result: Appeal partly allowed, and the compensation was enhanced to Rs. 9,09,700/-.

Table of Content
1. overview of appeal and tribunal's findings. (Para 1 , 2)
2. dispute on contributory negligence and compensation enhancement. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. analysis of contributory negligence in the accident. (Para 11 , 12)
4. guidance on compensation calculation principles. (Para 13 , 14)
5. final calculation of appeal outcomes and orders. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)

Judgment

Ms. Nidhi Gupta, J.

Present appeal has been filed by the claimants seeking enhancement of Rs. 4 lacs granted by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Ambala (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Tribunal’) vide Award dated 9.12.2016 passed in MACP No.39/2015 filed u/s 166 of the MOTOR VEHICLES ACT ,1988 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Act’). Claimants were mother, brother, and sister of deceased Sandeep Singh. Sole appellant before this court is the mother of the deceased.

2. Ld. Tribunal on the appraisal of facts, pleadings and evidence on record held that the deceased had died due to injuries suffered by him in motor vehicular accident that took place on 11.04.2014 due to rash and negligent driving of Mahindra Bolero Govt. Vehicle bearing registration No. HR-68-8508 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the offending vehicle’) being driven by respondent no.1, owned by respondent no.2 and insured by respondent no.3. The Tribunal awarded compensation as above along with interest @ 7.5% per annum from the date of filing of the claim petition till realization. Respondents were held jointly and severally liable to pay the compensation.

3. Ld. counsel for the appellant assails the Award on the ground that the ld. Tribunal has held the deceased liable for contributory negligence to the extent of 50%. It is submitted that the said finding of the Tribunal is contrary to the facts and evidence on record as there was nothing to suggest that the deceased was liable for contributory negligence. Ld. counsel for the appellant refers to the impugned Award to submit that in returning the finding that the deceased was guilty of contributory negligence, ld. Tribunal has relied upon Site Plan Ex.R4. It is submitted that as per judgment of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Jiju Kuruvila and others v Kunjujamma Mohan and others , 2013(9) SCC 166, it has been held that contributory negligence cannot be ascertained merely on the basis of site plan/ scene mahazar, and direct and corroborative evidence has to be produced to establish contributory negligence. It is submitted that in the present case there was no direct or corroborative evidence before the ld. Tribunal to hold as above. It is further submitted that respondent no.1-driver of the offending vehicle in his written statement has not taken the plea of contributory negligence. It is stated that respondent no.1 was in the bigger vehicle and ought to have exercised greater care and caution than the deceased who was riding motorcycle and therefore, could not be held liable for 50% contributory negligence.

4. Ld. counsel further submits that compensation awarded by the ld. Tribunal deserves to be enhanced as the ld. Tribunal has granted nothing by way of future prospects. It is submitted that the deceased was employed as a Peon on contract basis in the Public Health Engineering Department, Government of Haryana and was earning Rs.7700/- per month. It is submitted that the income, and age of the deceased as 26 years are not in dispute. It is submitted that accordingly multiplier of 17 ought to have been applied whereas ld. Tribunal has applied multiplier of 13 on the basis of age of the mother of the deceased. It is submitted that as per judgment of Hon’ble Supreme Court in National Insurance Company Limited v Pranay Sethi and others , (2017) 16 SCC 680 , 40% ought to have been added on account of future prospects and further as per judgment of Hon’ble Supreme Court in Sarla Verma vs. Delhi Transport Corporation , (2009) AIR (SC) 3104, multiplier of 17 ought to have been applied.

5. It is submitted that the deceased was married at the time of

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