2023 Supreme(P&H) 2800
IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
ARUN MONGA, J.
Prem – Appellant
Versus
Ramesh & Anr. – Respondents
RSA-3208 of 2019 (O&M)
Decided On : 02-05-2023
Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Abhimanyu Singh, Advocate for appellant.
Headnote:(A) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 20 - Sale of immovable property - Suit for specific performance decreed by trial court with concurrent affirmation by appellate court - Sale deed declared illegal and not binding - Appellant claimed better title based on prior agreement to sell - Plaintiff's evidence of agreement on 10.05.2013 proven, whereas defendant's prior agreement was found forged - Courts held defendant's neglect led to plaintiff's right to specific performance - No grounds for appeal found. (Paras 3, 11, 12, and 18)
(B) Evidence - Standards in civil cases - Evidence must be credible and substantial; any agreement claimed must be proven with clear documentation - The court emphasized the role of due diligence and genuine intent when executing agreements. (Paras 31 and 32)
Facts of the case:
The appellant contended ownership via an agreement dated 25.04.2013, while the plaintiff proved a valid agreement dated 10.05.2013, asserting readiness to perform. The defendant's actions were deemed attempts to circumvent legal obligations and misrepresent the agreement's authenticity.
Findings of Court:
The courts upheld the specific performance based on the strength of suitable evidence and the genuineness of the plaintiff’s agreement, declaring the contradictory sale deed as forged and not legally binding.
Issues: The primary issues involved were the legitimacy of the agreements to sell, the readiness and willingness of the plaintiff to perform, and the validity of the subsequent sale deed executed by the defendant.
Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the plaintiff had demonstrated entitlement to specific performance, having established a legitimate contract and observed that any subsequent agreements lacking proper execution would not hold against the plaintiff's rights.
Result: Appeal dismissed.
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. details of the property sale agreements and background. (Para 2 , 3 , 4) |
| 2. issues framed for determining contractual obligations. (Para 5 , 6) |
| 3. court’s analysis of evidence and agreements' validity. (Para 7 , 10 , 11) |
| 4. review of concurrent findings by lower courts. (Para 12 , 14) |
| 5. conclusion: appeal dismissed. (Para 16 , 17 , 18) |
JUDGMENT
Arun Monga, J. (Oral)
For convenience, parties herein are addressed as per the recitals before learned trial Court.
2. Having suffered concurrent adverse findings by the two Courts below, appellant/defendant No.2 is in second appeal before this Court assailing learned trial Court judgment and decree dated 12.07.2016, as upheld by learned First Appellate Court vide its judgment and decree dated 03.04.2019, inter alia decreeing suit of plaintiff for specific performance and declaring that sale deed No.2366 dated 08.07.2013 was illegal, null and void and not binding on the rights of the plaintiff. Further defendants were directed to get sale-deed executed and registered in favour of plaintiff/respondent No.1 herein in accordance with terms and conditions of agreement to sell subject to payment of balance sale consideration and other expenses required for execution of sale deed.
3. Briefly stated, facts, as noticed by learned Courts, are as below:
"2. Succinctly stated, the facts as alleged by the plaintiff are that the defendant no.1 is owner in possession to the extent of 1/4 share in land comprised in khewat no. 926/844 khata no. 1022 rect. No. 43 killa no.18/2/1(0-17) kitta 1 land measuring 0 kanal 17 marla, which comes to kanal 4.25 marlas i.e. 128 Sq. yards vide Farad Jamabandi of the year 2008-09, situated at village Ukhachana Teh. & Distt. Jhaar. It is further submitted that the defendant no.1 for his bonafide financial requirement and legal need offered to sell the suit property i.e. 4.25 Marlas i.e. 128 sq. yards to the plaintiff and after the negotiation, the deal was finalized between the parties, whereby the defendant no.1entered into an agreement to sell of his property/land, mentioned above, with plaintiff for a total consideration of Rs. 4,48,000/- and in this regard the defendant no. I executed an agreement for sale in favour of plaintiff on 10.05.2013 in presence of attesting witnesses. The defendant no. 1 received an amount of Rs. 50,000/- from the plaintiff on 10.05.2013 in presence of attesting witnesses as earnest money. The defendant no. I further agreed to execute the sale deed on or before 20.05.2013 and promised to receive the balance consideration amount from the plaintiff at the time of execution and registration of sale deed.It is also averred that the plaintiff was ready and willing to get executed the sale deed in his favour as per the agreement dated 10.05.2013 and on 20.05.2013, the plaintiff remained present before sub-registrar, Jhajjar alongwith balance consideration amount, stamp charges and misc. expenses etc. to perform his part of agreement and to execute and register the sale deed of property mentioned above, in his favour but the defendant no. 1 did not come to perform his part of agreement and hence the plaintiff got marked his presence before the Sub Registrar, Jhajjar along with affidavit. It is also submitted that the plaintiff issued a legal notice dated 25.05.2013 to the defendant no.1and requested him to execute and register the sale deed of agreed land measuring 128 sq. yards but the defendant did not execute and register the sale deed, rather sent the reply of legal notice based on false,frivolous and baseless facts. It has been lastly prayed that a decree of specific performance of the written contract/ agreement dated 10.05.2013 be passed in favour of plaintiff and against the defendant and the defendant be directed to execute the sale deed in respect of suit property land specifically mentioned in para no. 1 & 2 of the plaint and to get the same registered in favour of the plaintiff and the sale deed no. 2366 dated 08.07.20
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