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2019 Supreme(All) 2295

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
RAMESH SINHA, AJIT KUMAR, JJ.
Puneet Kumar Singh - Petitioner
Versus
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. and Another - Respondents
Writ - C No. 36576 of 2019
Decided On : 19-12-2019

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Tarun Agrawal.
For the Respondent: Vikas Budhwar, Utkarsh Tripathi, Vijay Kumar Rai.

A surrender of a lease must be registered in order to be valid.

Headnote:

The Court held that the surrender letter dated 15.9.2018 was not a valid surrender and, therefore, the petitioner's offer of land could not be considered under Group-I. The Court also held that the Corporation's decision to reject the petitioner's application was not arbitrary or capricious.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioner applied for the allotment of a retail outlet dealership of petroleum products. The petitioner's application was rejected by the Corporation on the ground that the land offered by the petitioner was not suitable. The petitioner challenged the Corporation's decision by filing a writ petition.

Finding of the Court:

The Court held that the surrender letter dated 15.9.2018 was not a valid surrender and, therefore, the petitioner's offer of land could not be considered under Group-I. The Court also held that the Corporation's decision to reject the petitioner's application was not arbitrary or capricious.

Issues: 1. Whether the surrender letter dated 15.9.2018 was a valid surrender? 2. Whether the Corporation's decision to reject the petitioner's application was arbitrary or capricious?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The Court held that the surrender letter dated 15.9.2018 was not a valid surrender because it was not registered and it did not comply with the requirements of Section 111 of the Transfer of Property Act. 2. The Court held that the Corporation's decision to reject the petitioner's application was not arbitrary or capricious because the Corporation had a legitimate concern that the land offered by the petitioner was not suitable.

Final Decision: The Court dismissed the petitioner's writ petition.

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, the key points are as follows:

  1. Validity of Lease and Land Offer:
  2. The lease executed and registered by the petitioner for a period of nearly 30 years was not challenged and was considered valid on the date of application (!) (!) .
  3. The land offered by the petitioner, obtained through this lease, qualifies as a suitable piece of land under the relevant guidelines, making the application eligible for consideration under Group-I (!) (!) .

  4. Validity of Surrender and Lease Rights:

  5. The surrender letter dated 15.9.2018 was found to be invalid because it was not registered and did not comply with the requirements of the applicable laws concerning the transfer and surrender of lease rights (!) (!) .
  6. The lease agreement’s clauses do not provide for part surrender of the lease rights; hence, the act of surrendering part of the land without proper registration or specific contractual provisions does not constitute a lawful surrender (!) (!) .
  7. Surrender of lease rights must be either express, in writing, and registered, especially when it involves a part of the property, as per the law governing immovable property transfers (!) (!) (!) .

  8. Legal Principles on Surrender:

  9. Surrender can be express (mutual agreement) or implied (by conduct or relinquishment of possession), but partial surrender of lease rights is only valid if properly documented and identifiable (!) (!) (!) (!) .
  10. A unilateral, non-registered surrender of part of the lease land does not have legal validity and cannot be relied upon to establish rights or transfer interests in the property (!) (!) .

  11. Effect of Subsequent Lease:

  12. The subsequent lease executed in favor of the petitioner was not invalid per se; however, its validity depends on the legality of the surrender act. Since the surrender was not valid, the subsequent lease cannot be considered as legally effective to establish rights in the land (!) (!) .
  13. The absence of a registered surrender document means the lease rights of the original lessee were not legally extinguished, and the lease remains intact unless properly surrendered through lawful procedures.

  14. Discretion of the Respondent Corporation:

  15. The Corporation's decision to reject the petitioner’s application was based on legitimate concerns regarding the land’s suitability and legal status. The Corporation has the authority to assess the suitability of land for its business purposes and to reject applications if there are legal or procedural doubts (!) (!) .
  16. The evaluation process and discretion exercised by the Corporation are within its rights and are not subject to interference unless shown to be arbitrary or mala fide (!) (!) .

  17. Legal Requirements for Transfer and Surrender of Land:

  18. Transfer of rights or lease of immovable property exceeding one year must be registered under law. Non-registration renders such documents inadmissible and invalid for creating or transferring rights (!) (!) (!) .
  19. Any document that seeks to vary the essential terms of a registered lease, including surrender or transfer of lease rights, must also be registered to be legally effective (!) (!) (!) .

  20. Land Evaluation and Suitability:

  21. The assessment of land suitability by the Corporation’s committee is a matter within the scope of its business discretion. The Court will not interfere unless there is evidence of bias, mala fide, or arbitrary action (!) (!) .
  22. The land’s legal status and the validity of the lease are crucial factors in determining eligibility, and any doubts about the legality or title of the land can justify the Corporation’s decision to reject the application.

  23. Overall Conclusion:

  24. The lease rights held by the petitioner were not validly surrendered due to the lack of registration and proper documentation, which is necessary under law.
  25. The Corporation’s decision to reject the application based on these grounds and land suitability was justified and within its discretionary powers.
  26. The Court dismissed the writ petition, affirming that the land offer was not valid under the applicable legal framework, and the Corporation’s evaluation and decision-making process were lawful and not arbitrary.

JUDGMENT :

Ramesh Sinha, J.

1. Heard Sri Tarun Agrawal, learned counsel for the petitioner and Sri Vikas Budhwar, learned counsel for respondent Corporation.

2. Invoking extraordinary jurisdiction of this Court under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the petitioner herein has challenged the order dated 2.11.2019, whereby candidature of the petitioner for the allotment of retail outlet dealership of petroleum products, in connection with advertisement dated 25.11.2018, has been rejected.

3. In narrow compass the facts of the case can be drawn like this that petitioner pursuant to advertisement dated 25.11.2018 issued by Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd, namely, respondent no.1, invited application for allotment of retail outlet dealership of the petroleum product in district Chandauli for allocation at old National Highway No.2 between Varanasi and Chandauli. The petitioner applied vide application dated 24.12.2018 filling up online application form. Petitioner submitted the documents in respect thereof which included the lease document relating to the land offered by the petitioner falling in Khasra No. 154 with a dimension of 35X35 metres total measuring to 1575 square metres.

4. The piece of land offered by the petitioner vide his application (hereinafter referred to as the Land in question) was obtained by the petitioner under a lease agreement executed and registered on 14/15.12.2018 for a period of 29 years and 11 months by the original tenure-holder Mangla Singh and thus, in view of the detail submitted by the petitioner, petitioner's application was entertained in Group-I category and having been selected in the draw of lots, he became entitled for consideration for allotment of retail outlet dealership.

5. In the meanwhile, it appears that, some complaint was made regarding offer of land by the petitioner to be not a valid offer and consequently a notice was issued to the petitioner by the Territory Manager Retail (Varanasi) on 10.6.2019 asking him to confirm as to whether the land offered by him was already subject matter of lease agreement between the tenure-holder Mangla Singh and one M/S. B.S.C.-C&C-“JV” (hereinafter referred to as original lessee) executed and registered on 20.11.2017 and was in subsistence till 19.11.2019. He was asked to submit reply within ten days.

6. The petitioner did submit a reply explaining away that the land though formed part of the lease agreement between tenure-holder and one original lessee but in view of surrender of land measuring 1925 square meters by the lessee on 15.9.2018 Mangla Prasad the tenure-holder got the right to execute a fresh lease of 1575 square meters out of the surrendered part. The petitioner appended with his reply dated 19.5.2019 the confirmation letter.

7. Having thus, received the reply of the petitioner the Territory Manager enquired from the Deputy Registrar, Sadar, Chandauli as to whether the second lease dated 15.12.2018 was valid in face of the fact that there already existed a lease dated 25.5.2018 in favour of one original lessee and whether the surrender letter amounted to a valid surrender and as to whether on the basis of such letter of surrender a subsequent lease could have been executed. The Deputy Registrar, Chandauli in his reply dated 28.6.2019 declined to answer the questions on the ground that the he does not enjoy any authority under the Registration Act, 1908 to enquire into the validity of written instrument and so far as the letter dated 15.9.2018 issued by the original leessee Satish Kumar in respect of lease deed numbers 53077/2018 and 5282 of 2018 is concerned no legal opinion can be expressed in respect of the legal effect of such letter.

8. It appears that on the same date i.e., 22.6.2019 the Territory Manager also enquired from the original lessee as to whether this letter was issued by Satish Kumar and in reply to that the authorized signatory of original lessee wrote to the Territory Manager that such letter is a valid one to the b

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