IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
PRITINKER DIWAKER, NALIN KUMAR SRIVASTAVA, JJ.
Puttan Yadav @ Vipin – Appellant
Versus
State of U.P. – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No.386 of 2014
Decided on : 03-02-2023
Indian Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 134 - Indian Penal Code,1860 - Section 304, (Part-I) - Criminal appeal - Culpable homicide not amounting to murder- Appeal Against Conviction - Criminal appeal has been preferred by appellant against judgment and order - Whether non-examination of other witnesses except sole eye witness by prosecution vitiates prosecution story - Held, Applying principles laid down by Apex Court in judgments and having regard to totality of case particularly that no minimum sentence has been provided for offence Section 304 IPC it appears to Court from a perusal of impugned judgment that sentence awarded by trial court for life term is very harsh keeping in view entirety of case and gravity of offence - Hon'ble Apex Court as discussed has held that undue harshness should be avoided taking into account reformative approach underlying in criminal justice system - Adopting same reformative approach court consider that no accused person is incapable of being reformed and therefore all measures should be applied in order to bring them in social stream - Appeal partly allowed.
JUDGMENT :
Nalin Kumar Srivastava, J.
1. Present criminal appeal has been preferred by the appellant Puttan Yadav @ Vipin against the judgment and order dated 20.1.2014 passed by the Sessions Judge, Kanpur Dehat in Sessions Trial No.91 of 2013 (State vs. Puttan Yadav @ Vipin), arising out of case crime no. 638 of 2012, convicting and sentencing the appellant for the offence punishable under Section 304 (Part-I) IPC to undergo life imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 5,000/-with stipulation of default clause.
2. Brief facts of the case, as culled out from the record, are that a written report was submitted by the complainant Gore Lal son of Ram Nath, resident of village Chakeri, Police Station Chakeri, District Kanpur Nagar at Police Station-Akbarpur, District-Kanpur Dehat in which averments were made that Km. Laxmi, niece (bhanji) of the informant, aged about two years, had sustained injuries and she was hospitalized at Kabir Hospital, Kanpur Nagar by the appellant and his family members. She expired during treatment. Anita, sister of the informant, was also harassed by the accused persons.
3. On the basis of the written report (Ext. ka-1), Death Information Report (Ext. ka-2) was registered at Police Station concerned on 30.10.2012 at 9.15 a.m., mentioning all the details as described in Ext. Ka-1. After post mortem and enquiry, a G.D. entry for registration of the case was also made, which is Ext. Ka-3.
4. Investigation of the case proceeded. The Investigating Officer recorded the statements of the witnesses, inspected the spot and prepared site plan. He also prepared the inquest report of the deceased and papers relating to post mortem.
5. Post mortem of the dead body of the deceased was performed and Autopsy report (Ext. ka-4) was prepared by Dr. Sanjeev Kumar on 30.10.2012 at 2.30 p.m. On examination of the dead body of the deceased, following ante-mortem injuries were found:
(2) Abrasion – 2 cm X 1 cm over left side of fore head, approx 4 cm above Left eye brow.
(3) Contusion – 2 cm X 2 cm, at vertex (Top of scalp).
(4) Contusion – Swelling – 4 cm X 4 cm, over occipital region.
(5) Contusion – 5 cm X 4 cm, over right cheek.
(6) Contusion – 3 cm X 3 cm, over left cheek.”
6. In the opinion of the doctor, death was caused by reason of shock due to injuries on vital parts (Head Injury).
7. After completing the investigation, charge-sheet (Ext. ka-12) against the accused appellant was filed. Concerned Magistrate took the cognizance and the case, being exclusively triable by Sessions Court, was committed to the Court of Sessions.
8. Accused appeared before the trial court and charge under Section 304 IPC was framed against him. Appellant denied the charge and claimed his trial.
9. Trial proceeded and to bring home the charge against the accused/appellant, prosecution has examined in all five witnesses, who are as follows:
| 1 | Gore Lal | PW-1 (informant) |
| 2 | Smt. Anita | PW-2 (mother of the deceased) |
| 3 | Head Constable Ram Autar | PW-3 (scribe of G.D.) |
| 4 | Dr. Sanjiv Kumar | PW-4 (who performed the autopsy of the deceased) |
| 5 | Adhya Prasad Verma | PW-5 (Investigating Officer) |
10. In support of oral version, following documents were filed and proved on behalf of the prosecution:
| 1 | Written report | Ext. A-1 |
| 2 | Death information G.D | Ext. A-2 |
| 3 | Registration G.D. | Ext. A-3 |
| 4 | Post mortem report | Ext. A-4 |
| 5 | Inquest Report | Ext. A-5 |
| 6 | Letter to C.M.O. | Ext. A-6 |
| 7 | Challan Nash | Ext. A-7 |
| 8 | Letter to C.M.O. | Ext. A-8 |
| 9 | Letter to R.I. | Ext. A-9 |
| 10 | Photo Nash | Ext. A-10 |
| 11 | Site plan | Ext. A-11 |
| 12 | Charge sheet | Ext. A-12 |
11. After conclusion of evidence, statement of accused appellant was recorded under Section 313 CrPC, wherein he pleaded interalia his false implicat
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The court established that sudden provocation can reduce a murder charge to manslaughter, particularly in domestic disputes.
The court reiterated that a conviction can be upheld based on a single reliable eyewitness, and emphasized proportionality in sentencing, especially when no minimum punishment is mandated by law.
Conviction under Section 302, IPC was altered to Section 304 for culpable homicide not amounting to murder, based on the heat of passion during a family quarrel.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the application of legal provisions related to culpable homicide and murder, and the consideration of the reformative theory of punishment in sente....
The court applied the reformative theory of punishment and the doctrine of proportionality in sentencing, considering the evidence and the absence of premeditation.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the distinction between murder under Section 302 IPC and culpable homicide not amounting to murder under Section 304 Part II IPC, based on the sudd....
The judgment established the principle that the evidence of a single eyewitness must be reliable and corroborated by independent evidence from the attending circumstances of the case. The court empha....
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