IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
NAND PRABHA SHUKLA, J.
Ravindra Singh - Appellant
Versus
State of U.P. and Another - Respondents
MATTERS UNDER ARTICLE 227 No. - 2740 of 2025
Decided on : 21-03-2025
(A) Limitation Act, 1963 - Section 5 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - The court addressed the procedural irregularities in the treatment of criminal revisions, emphasizing the necessity of adjudicating applications for condonation of delay before proceeding with the merits of the case. (Paras 6, 10, 12)
(B) Criminal Revision - The court held that treating a defective criminal revision as a regular one without resolving the application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act constitutes an error of law. (Paras 12)
Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged an order dated 24.07.2024, which improperly adjudicated two criminal revisions, one of which was pending due to a delay application.
Findings of Court:
The order dated 24.07.2024 was set aside due to procedural errors, and the matter was remitted for fresh consideration.
Issues: The main issues included whether the court could treat a defective criminal revision as regular without addressing the delay application.
Ratio Decidendi: The court found that the failure to adjudicate the application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act before treating the revision as regular was a clear error, necessitating a fresh hearing.
Result: The petition is allowed and the order set aside.
JUDGMENT :
Nand Prabha Shukla, J.
1. Heard Sri Sunil Kumar, learned counsel for petitioner, learned AGA for the State and perused the record.
2. At the very outset learned counsel for the petitioner states that against the co-accused, the petitioner had preferred a petition under Article 227 No.10901 of 2024 (Ravindra Singh Vs. State of U.P. and 5 others) challenging the order dated 24.7.2024 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge/ Fast Track Court No.2(14th Finance Commission), Gorakhpur . The order dated 12.12.2024 passed in the said matter reads as under :-
" 1. Heard Sri Sunil Kumar, learned counsel for the petitioner, Sri C.B.D. Dubey, learned counsel for the respondent no.3 and learned AGA for the State.
2. Present petition has been preferred with the prayer to issue an order or direction to set aside the impugned judgment and order dated 24.07.2024 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge/ Fast Track Court No. 2 (14th Finance Commission), Gorakhpur jointly adjudicated Criminal Revision no. 273 of 2023, Rupam Tiwari vs. State of U.P. and another and Criminal Revision no. 62 of 2024, Deepak Kumar Agrawal vs. Ravindra Singh.
3. The core legal issue which has been put to be adjudicated by this Court as indicated by learned counsel for the petitioner is regarding institution of criminal revision by two co-accused out of which one was allocated regular number and one was pending as defective on the ground of delay which was supported with application under Section 5 of Limitation Act but at the time of passing order which impugned the present petition dated 24.07.2024 both the criminal revisions were decided i.e. as criminal revision no. 273 of 2023 (regular number of criminal revision no. 62 of 2024) (Defective) which is apparent from the folio of the copy of the order sheet of criminal misc. case no. 62 of 2024 wherein criminal revision preferred at the behest of respondent no. 3 was treated as criminal revision no. 62 of 2024 and as such the process for issuing notices to respondents are hereby dispensed with, since the matter is related to the records available with the petition and there is hardly any case of factual dispute arising for filing instant petition.
4. The factual matrix derives that over the complaint preferred at the behest of petitioner, respondent no. 2 to 6 have been summoned vide order dated 18.8.2023 in pursuance to sections 406 of IPC.
5. Being aggrieved with the order dated 18.8.2023, respondent no. 2 preferred criminal revision no. 273 of 2023 (Roopam Tiwari vs. State of U.P. and others) which was well within time, in second set respondent no. 3 also preferred criminal revision but along with application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act supported with an affidavit on dated 6.1.2024, over which criminal misc. no. 62 of 2024 has been allocated from the office of learned Session Judge, Gorakhpur and notices have been issued in pursuance to section 5 of the Limitation Act on dated 12.2.2024 and the criminal misc. no. 62 of 2024 was pending only at the behest of disposal of application preferred at the behest of respondent no. 3 under Section 5 of the Limitation Act only. During pendency of the Criminal Misc. no. 62 of 2024 it has been brought to the notice of learned Sessions Judge that another criminal revision preferred at the behest of respondent no. 2 is pending before learned Court of Additional Sessions Judge/Fast Track Court no. 2, Gorakhpur and as such the same was transferred from learned Sessions Judge to the concerned court where the criminal revision no. 273 of 2023 was pending to be adjudicated vide order dated 25.04.2024.
6. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that while passing order dated 24.07.2024, learned revisional court failed to adopt the process of law while deciding criminal misc. no. 62 of 2024 treating as criminal revision no. 62 of 2024 being a regular criminal revision preferred at the behest of respondent no. 3, whereas it is apparent from the records that the s
The court emphasized that a defective criminal revision cannot be treated as regular without adjudicating the application for condonation of delay under Section 5 of the Limitation Act.
The court's decision was based on the proper appreciation of the evidence/material available in the record, the legality of the order taking cognizance, and the power of the revisional court under Se....
Compliance with the rules governing the presentation of appeals is essential, and failure to do so may result in the refusal to condone delays in filing appeals.
A Criminal Revision cannot be maintained against an acquittal, and an aggrieved party must file an appeal as per relevant statutes.
Pending applications under the repealed Code of Criminal Procedure are governed by the old law if filed before the new law's enactment, as per saving provisions.
An appeal cannot be dismissed in default without ensuring the appellant has had a reasonable opportunity to be heard, emphasizing the right to legal representation.
A criminal revision cannot be dismissed for default; it must be considered on its merits, and any order affecting personal liberty must be reasoned.
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