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2008 Supreme(UK) 145

J. C. S. RAWAT, J.
Umesh Charan Gusain
Versus
State.
Crl. Appeal No. 49 of 2004
Decided on : 2 -4 -2008.

Advocates appeared
Rajendra Kotiyal, Advocate assisted by N. S. Pundir, for Appellant; Nandan Arya, Assistant Govt. Advocate, for Respondent; Arvind Vashishtha, Assistant Solicitor General (Central Govt.) for C. B. I.

The appellant could not be convicted under Section 436 IPC without the aid of Section 149 IPC, and the benefit of doubt favored the appellant.

Headnote:

Section 436 IPC - Conviction of the appellant under Section 436 IPC - Summary of Acts and Sections

Fact of the Case:

The appellant was convicted under Section 436 IPC for setting fire to the unoccupied residential house of the District Judge. The prosecution alleged that the appellant, along with others, led a procession to the house, shouted slogans, and set the house on fire. The eyewitnesses testified to the incident, but their presence and reliability were disputed by the defense.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the eyewitnesses' presence at the scene was doubtful, and their evidence was unreliable. The court also noted that the appellant was not charged under Section 149 IPC, and thus, could not be convicted under Section 436 IPC without the aid of Section 149 IPC. The court concluded that the appellant was entitled to the benefit of doubt and acquitted him.

Issues: Presence and reliability of eyewitnesses, absence of charge under Section 149 IPC, and benefit of doubt.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the appellant could not be convicted under Section 436 IPC without the aid of Section 149 IPC, and the eyewitnesses' presence and evidence were unreliable, entitling the appellant to the benefit of doubt.

Final Decision: The conviction and sentence against the appellant were set aside, and the appellant was acquitted from the charge.

JUDGMENT :- This is a criminal appeal against the judgment and order dated 10-2-2004 passed by the then Addl. Sessions Judge/Fast Track Court, Tehri Garhwal in Sessions Trial No. 7 of 1996, State v. Umesh Charan Gusain, whereby the Addl. Sessions Judge has convicted the appellant under Section 436 IPC and sentenced him to undergo RI for three years and to pay fine of rupees ten thousand. In default of payment of fine, the appellant shall further undergo RI for three months.

2. The case of the prosecution, in brief, is that on 3-10-1994 at about 14.15 pm, the Uttarakhand Sangharsh Samiti agitators tried to burn the unoccupied residential house of the District Judge, Old Tehri. It is also pertinent to mention here that the District Judge was not residing in the said house, since he had shifted to his new residence at New Tehri. When the S. D. M. came to know of the above incident, he immediately reached at the residence and made arrangements to extinguish the fire. The said information was given to the police station, Tehri and a report was also lodged. Again on 4-10-1994, the agitators came at the unoccupied residential house of the District Judge, Old Tehri and set the house on fire. A report to this effect was also lodged by S. D. M. on phone to the police station. The prosecution case further reflects from the evidence that the accused appellant along with other persons came to the Court room of the District Judge, New Tehri on 27-9-1994, when the District Judge, New Tehri was hearing a civil case bearing No. LA 2 of 1988, Shashi Bhusan v. State. During the course of the proceeding, the accused appellant appeared before the District Judge and stated that he is the president of the Students ' Union. The accused-appellant requested the District Judge to handover his old residence situated at Old Tehri to the students. The learned District Judge unequivocally stated that the property belongs to the High Court, hence shown his inability to provide the same to the students. The accused-appellant along with his another companions came out of the Court-room and stated in an intimidated manner that if the residence is not provided to them, they will see other methods to get the same. The prosecution has further alleged that on 4-10-1994, constables Suresh Chand PW8 and Ombir Singh PW 10 were on the security duty at the residence of the District Judge, Old Tehri. At about 12 noon, they saw that a procession of about 150 persons were coming from the side of the Ghantaghar to the unoccupied residence of the District Judge, situated at Old Tehri. The said procession was being headed by its leader Umesh Charan Gusain, the present appellant. The persons who were in the procession, have bottles, canes and 'mashals ' in their hands. They reached near the unoccupied residence of the District Judge, Old Tehri shouting slogans that if the said residence could not be provided to the students, then the District Judge would also not be allowed to retain this house. The eyewitnesses Suresh Chand PW8 and Ombir Singh PW10 tried to intervene but the persons who were in the procession, started pelting stones upon them. Consequently, the eyewitnesses left the spot and the miscreants set the Bungalow /residence on fire by throwing bottles filled with some liquids and 'mashals '. The eyewitnesses constables Suresh Chand PW8 and Ombir Singh PW10 immediately went to the house of the S. D. M. which is situated nearby the place of the unoccupied residence of the District Judge, but the S. D. M. had gone at the post office at that time. Thereafter, both the eyewitnesses went to the post office and narrated the entire incident to the S. D. M. The S. D. M. lodged a report in regard to the above incident on telephone in the police station at about 14.15 p.m. on the same day. The matter was initially investigated by the regular police and a charge-sheet was submitted by the police against thirteen persons, including the present appellant.

3. It is pertinent to me




































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