IN THE HIGH COURT OF UTTARAKHAND AT NAINITAL
SHARAD KUMAR SHARMA, J.
Maheshlata & another – Appellants
Versus
Sukhbiri – Respondent
Second Appeal No. 98 of 2021
Decided on : 11-07-2022
res judicata - Property Dispute - Order VIII Rule 6A - Khasra No. 235/2 and 235/3 - The court discussed the implications of Section 11 of the CPC and the principles of res judicata in the context of the suit and counter claim. The judgment and decree of the trial court were sought to be read as a declaration of ownership and possession, but the court found that the ownership could only be determined after an appreciation of evidence. The court also discussed the implications of counter-claim under Order VIII Rule 6A and the conclusive determination of rights of parties upon adjudication. The court concluded that the substantial question of law as formulated by the Coordinate Bench does not involve consideration in the present Second Appeal.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff/appellants instituted a suit in relation to a property dispute over Khasra No. 235/2 and 235/3. The plaintiff sought a decree for permanent injunction and a declaration of their title and ownership over the property. The defendant/respondents filed a counter claim seeking possession over a different part of the property, Khasra No. 235/1.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the plaintiff had not provided conclusive evidence of possession over the disputed property in its entirety. The court also observed that the nature of the decree sought by the plaintiff, including a declaration of title, required separate consideration. The rejection of the counter claim did not affect the challenge to the decree granted in relation to a different set of property, which was the subject matter of the suit.
Issues: The issues included the ownership and possession of the property, the relief sought by the plaintiff, and the counter claim raised by the defendant.
Ratio Decidendi: The court discussed the implications of Section 11 of the CPC and the principles of res judicata in the context of the suit and counter claim. The court also considered the implications of counter-claim under Order VIII Rule 6A and the conclusive determination of rights of parties upon adjudication.
Final Decision: The Second Appeal lacked merit and was dismissed by the court.
JUDGMENT :
On 30.05.1994, the plaintiff/appellants, herein, had instituted a suit being Suit No. 203 of 1994, “Maheshlata and another vs. Sukhbiri” in relation to the set of property, which was more appropriately described therein at the foot of the plaint i.e. the land lying in Khasra No. 235/2, 235/3, having an area of 3 Biswa, 6 Biswansi of land, lying in Abadi khetra of village Jagjeetpur, Pargana Jwalapur, Tehsil and District Haridwar. The boundary of the property in question was describe therein as in the North a path way and thereafter, the land of the temple, in the South Harijan Basti, in the East, there was a passage and in the West property of Madan.
2. In the suit thus instituted by the plaintiff/appellant herein had described the property more appropriately in the plaint map which was annexed therein and which constituted as to be the part of the record by way of paper no. 4A/6, and the nature of the decree which was sought by the plaintiff in the suit in question was as under:-
(v) fMzXkh bLrdlfj;k cgd ;knhx.k cjf[kykQ izfroknhx.k bl vej dh lkfnj Qjek;h tkos fd oknhx.k vkjkth fuEufyf[kr ,ŒchŒlhŒMh0 ds rUgkLokeh o ekfyd gSA
(v) ctfj;s fMxzh LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk ds }kjk izfroknh dks fu"ks/k fd;k tkos fd og oknhx.k ds dCts vkjkth fuEufyf[kr es dksbZ n[ky vankth izR;{k ;k ijks{k :I ls uk djs] uk djkosA
¼Lk½ [kpkZ eqdnek oknhx.k dks izfroknhx.k ls fnyk;k tkosA
(b) vU; fnxj nknjlh tks jk; vnkyr esa mfpr gks og Hkh lkfnj Qjek;h tkosA^^
3. In fact, if the nature of decree, which was sought to be granted in the suit, is taken into consideration, apart from the fact that he was seeking a decree for grant of permanent injunction as against the defendant/respondent of their alleged act of wrongful interference over the property in dispute. The plaintiff has also sought a decree of declaration of their title and ownership with regard to the property described by figure a, b, c, d, as described in the plaint map. Meaning thereby, the suit in question, had an element of declaration of title qua the property in dispute described at the foot of the plaint, when relief modulated was for seeking of declaration.
4. The defendant/respondents were noticed and they filed the written statement on 21.11.1996, and by way of a counter claim, the defendant had sought a decree of grant of possession over the part of the property, lying in Khasra No. 235/1 the relevant part of the relief sought by way of counter claim invoking Order VIII Rule 6A is extracted hereunder:-
v& ;g fd iz'Ukxr lEifŸk ftldk fooj.k okni= ds var esa fn;k x;k gS [kljk ua 235@1 dks dCtk oknuh ls izfroknuh dks fnyk;k tkosA
c& ;g fd vU; nknjlh tks jk; vnkyr es mfpr gks izfrokfnuh dks oknuh ls fnyk;h tkosA
l& ;g fd [kpkZ dkmUVj Dyse izfrokfnuh dks oknuh ls fnyk;k tkosA
5. The suit proceeded, and after the exchange of pleadings, the learned Trial Court has framed the following issues on 04.12.1996 and an additional issue was framed on 06.07.2021 to the following effect :-
2- D;k okn ,lVksiy ykW vkWQ ,Ddhts'ku jsltqfMdsVk ds fl)kra ls ckf/kr gS
3- D;k okn dk ewY;akdu de fd;k x;k gS\
4- D;k fookfnr Hkwfe [kljk la[;k 235@1 ;k 235@2 o 235@3 esa fLFkr gS\
5- D;k izfroknuh ls [kljk uaŒ 235@1 ij dCtk izkIr djus dh vf/kdkfj.kh gS\
6- D;k dkmUVj Dyse dk ewY;kadu de fd;k gS rFkk iznŸk U;k;'kqYd vi;kZIr gS\
7- vuqrks”k] ;fn dksbZ gks ftls oknuh o izfroknuh izkIr djus dh vf/kdkfj.kh gS\^^
6. The parties to the proceedings led their respective evidence, both oral and documentary, and particularly the plaintiff/appellant herein, in support of his contention had placed on record the copy of Khasra, which happens to be a document of possession, in relation to the land in dispute and a copy of an application, which was filed by the plaintiff/appellant. Whereas, the defendant in support of their contention had filed the documents by way of list No. 21C1,
Gram Panchayat of Village Naulakha v. Ujagar Singh and others
Rajni Rani and another vs. Kharati Lal and others
Sajjadana shin Sayed v. Musa Dadabhai Ummer [(2000) 3 SCC 350: (AIR 2000 SC 1238)
The principle of res judicata bars re-litigation of matters already decided, confirming that the earlier judgment is binding and the current suit is not maintainable.
The principle of res judicata applies when the same parties have litigated substantially the same issue in a previous suit, barring re-litigation of those issues.
Trial courts must adjudicate all issues in a suit, and failure to do so violates procedural requirements under CPC, necessitating remand.
The court established that a unified decree involving both a suit and counter claim can be appealed as a single entity, and failure to raise res judicata at the appropriate stage results in waiver of....
The principle of res judicata applies where previous judgments on the same issue bind parties, regardless of claims involving part of the land. Judicial findings must reflect conscious application to....
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