High Court Of Madhya Pradesh
G. P. Singh, C. J.
LAKHMICHAND - Appellant
Versus
MITTHU - Respondents
Civil Revn. 196 Of 1982
Decided On : 07/29/1983
It is well settled that the right of appeal accrues to the parties to the suit on the date of the institution of the suit according to the law then in force and therefore, there is a presumption that a subsequent change in law restricting the grounds of appeal will not apply to appeals arising from the suits instituted earlier. AIR 1965 S.C. 703 relied on.
This vested right can be taken away only by a specific provision on the Amendment Act. [Para 3
(2) Civil P.C. (Amendment) Act, 1976 - Ss. 97 (2) & 33 - amendment in section 96 of the principal Code-right of appeal occurring on the date of institution of suit - unamended section shall apply - District Judge cannot dismiss the appeal on the ground that no question of law involved - case instituted before the amendment enforced - unamended law shall apply. 1979 JLJ 730, 1980 JLJ 35, 1981 JLJ 171 & 1983 JLJ 242 relied on [Para 3 & 4
( 1 ) THE facts leading to this revision are that the applicant in this revision instituted a suit against the non-applicant for recovery of Rs. 1895/- on 24-81976. The trial Court dismissed the suit on 28th June, 1978. The applicant then preferred an appeal before the Additional District Judge, Sagar, being Civil Appeal No. 23-B of I97s, which was dismissed by the judgment and decree dated 25-11-1981 on the ground that it was not maintainable under Section 96, C. P. C. as amended by the Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act, 1976, for the reason that there was no question of law involved in the appeal. It is this judgment of the Additional District Judge which is challenged in this revision by the plaintiff,
( 2 ) THE argument of the learned counsel for the plaintiff is that the suit was instituted before the coming into force of the Amendment Act of 1976 and that the right to prefer an appeal in accordance with, unamended Section 96 accrued to the plaintiff on the date of institution of the suit and this right has not been affected by the Amendment Act.
( 3 ) IT is well settled that the right of appeal accrues to the parties to the suit on the date of the institution of the suit according to the law then in force and, therefore, there is a presumption that a subsequent change in law restricting the grounds of appeal will not apply to appeals arising from the suits instituted earlier; (see Kasibai v. Mahadu, AIR 1965 SC 703 at p. 705 ). The presumption, therefore, is that the plaintiff-applicant's right to prefer the appeal under Section 96 as it stood on the date of the institution of the suit was unaffected by the Amendment Act. The question is whether Section 97 of the Amendment Act contains any provision to destroy this presumption. Section 97 of the Amendment Act has been construed in four Division Bench cases of this Court: Chuturam V. Bhagatram, 1980 MPLJ 37 : AIR 1980 Madh Pra 16; Sheshkumar v. Kesheo Narayan, 1980 MPLJ 335 : AIR 1980 Madh Pra 166; Sitaram v. Chaturo, 1981 Jab LJ 171 and Dattatray v. Mangal, AIR 1983 Madh Pra 82. In the last mentioned case, the ratio decidendi of the earlier Division Bench cases which were followed is stated to be as follows (at p. 84): "section 97 of the Amendment Act has been construed in three Division Bench decisions of this Court. These decisions are Chuluram v. Bhagatram, (AIR 1980 Madh Pra 16); Sheshkumar Pradhan v. Kesheo, (AIR 1980 Madh Pra 166) and Sitarani v. Chaturo, (1981 Jab LJ 171 ). It has been held in these cases that the specific savings made in Clauses (a) to (zb) of Section 97 (2) are without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of Section 6. General Clauses Act, 1897, and, therefore, if a vested right arose under Section 6, General Clauses Act, that would also be preserved by Section, 97 (2) unless a clear intention is evinced either in Clauses (a) to (zb) or in other provisions of the Amendment Act to negative continuance of such a right. Section 97 (3) which makes the Code as amended apply to every proceeding pending at the commencement of the Amendment Act has its operation "save as otherwise provided in sub-section (2) of Section 97". The implication of these words is to subordinate Section 97 (3) to Section 97 (2) and if a right is saved under Section 97 (2) it is not taken away by Section 97 (3 ). As already seen, Section 97 (2) is rot limited to savings in Clauses (a) to (zb) but it also preserves the generality of the provisions of Section 6, General Clauses Act. Therefore, if a vested right of suit or appeal can be said to be preserved either by Clauses (a) to (zb) of Section 97 (2) or by Section 6, General Clauses Act, it is not taken away by Section 97 (3 ). "
( 4 ) THE relevant clause of Section 92 (2) of the Amendment Act is Clause (1) which provides that the provisions of Section 96 of the principal Act as amended by Section 33 of this Act shall not apply to or affect any appeal against the decree passed in any suit instit
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.