High Court Of Madhya Pradesh
N. K. Jain
MISHRILAL - Appellant
Versus
NATHU - Respondents
C. S. A. 508 Of 1980
Decided On : 01/12/1998
PARTITION SUIT - HINDU MARRIAGE ACT, 1955 - SECTION 16 - LEGITIMACY OF CHILDREN OF VOID AND VOIDABLE MARRIAGES - COPARCENARY PROPERTY - SHARE OF ILLEGITIMATE SONS - WIFE'S SHARE IN PARTITION - MESNE PROFITS - AWARDMENT UPTO DELIVERY OF POSSESSION.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiffs, including the illegitimate sons of Balram and his second wife Mulibai, filed a suit for partition of ancestral property received by Balram in an earlier partition with his brothers. The defendant, Balram's legitimate son from his first marriage, contested the suit, denying the validity of Mulibai's marriage with Balram and the legitimacy of her sons. The trial court and the first appellate court held that Mulibai was not legally married to Balram, that her sons were not legitimate, and that only Balram was entitled to a 1/2 share in the suit property.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court held that: (1) Under Section 16 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, children of a void or voidable marriage are legitimate for all purposes, including succession under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. (2) However, such children cannot claim a share in the coparcenary property of their parents. (3) A wife cannot demand a partition herself, but if a partition takes place between her husband and his sons, she is entitled to receive a share equal to that of a son. (4) However, this right is available only to a legally married wife. (5) The award of mesne profits in a partition suit is not governed by Order 20 Rule 12 CPC, but by Order 20 Rule 18 CPC. (6) A plaintiff cosharer is entitled to profits or rendition of accounts of the income of his share of the properties, right upto the delivery of possession and not upto 3 years only.
Issues: (1) Whether the illegitimate sons of Balram were entitled to a share in the partition, in accordance with the provisions of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956? (2) Whether Mulibai, even being not a lawfully wedded wife of Balramji, was equally entitled to a share in the partition? (3) Whether the Court below was right in confirming the decree of the trial Court with respect to mesne profits limiting it to the period of three years?
Ratio Decidendi: (1) Section 16 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, legitimates children of void or voidable marriages for all purposes, including succession under the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. (2) However, such children cannot claim a share in the coparcenary property of their parents. (3) A wife cannot demand a partition herself, but if a partition takes place between her husband and his sons, she is entitled to receive a share equal to that of a son. (4) However, this right is available only to a legally married wife. (5) The award of mesne profits in a partition suit is not governed by Order 20 Rule 12 CPC, but by Order 20 Rule 18 CPC. (6) A plaintiff cosharer is entitled to profits or rendition of accounts of the income of his share of the properties, right upto the delivery of possession and not upto 3 years only.
Final Decision: The High Court dismissed the appeal filed by the illegitimate sons and Mulibai, and allowed the appeal filed by Balram. The decree of the lower courts was modified to award Balram mesne profits from the date of the decree till delivery of separate possession of his share in the properties.
( 1 ) -THIS judgment shall also dispose of S. A. No. 508/80 as both these appeals arise out of the judgment and decree dated 25. 3. 80 rendered in first appeal No. 1-a/77 by the court of Distt. Judge, Mandleshwar (West Nimar), in affirmance of the judgment and decree dated 2. 8. 76 passed in C. O. S. No. 3-A/73 by the court of Civil Judge, Class-I, khargone - Camp Mandleshwar.
( 2 ) THE suit giving rise to this appeal was brought by late Balram and the present appellants Mishrilal, bhagwan and Mulibai for partition of disputed lands received in an earlier partition by Balram with his brothers Anandilal and Ramchandra the respondents No. 2 and 3 herein who were also arrayed as proforma defendants in the suit. The respondent No. 1 nathu is the legitimate son of late Balram born of his first wife. Balram had contracted second marriage with appellant No. 3 Mulibai. The appellant No. 1 Mishrilal and No. 2 bhagwan were born of this second wedlock.
( 3 ) THE suit was resisted by defendant -respondent No. ] Nathu. He denied the factum of validity of marriage of Mulibai with balram as also Mishrilal and Bhagwan being legitimate sons of Balram. He also denied any right of Mulibai. Mishrilal and Bhagwan in the suit propertry. He claimed to be in possession of the suit land to the exclusion of all the plaintiffs. According to him the suit was barred by limitation.
( 4 ) THE two Courts below have concurrently held : (A) That plaintiff Mulibai was not legally married wife of late Balram; (b) That Mishrilal and Bhagwan, though bom to her of Balram were not legitimate sons of Balram; (c) That the property in question was co-parcenary property acquired by Balram in partition with his brothers; (d) That possession of Nathu over the property was as a co-share; (e) That the suit was within time; and (f) That only Balram was entitle to 1/ 2 share in the suit property. Other plaintiffs were not entitled to any share in the property.
( 5 ) ON these findings the plaintiffs' suit was decreed in part only to the extent 1/2 share for Balram alone while it was dismissed as regards claim for shares of Mulibai, Mishrilal and Bhagwan. The claim as to mesne profits was left to be decided after, enquiry under order 20 Rule 12 CPC and it was directed that the mense profits shall be restricted for a period from the date of the passing of the decree till delivery of possession or 3 years whichever is less. The decree was affirmed in first appeal vide judgment impugned.
( 6 ) APPELLANTS Mishrilal, Bhagwan and mulibai have filed appeal No. 356/80 seeking partition of equal share in the property with respondent No. 1 Nathu and No. 4 Balram, while Balram has filed appeal No. 508/80 seeking correction in the decree regarding mesne profits which according to him should be paid from the date of the decree until delivery of possession of his share. Appellant balram has, however, died during the pendency of this appeal (No. 508/80 ). Mishrilai and Bhagwan have been substituted in place of Balram on the basis of a Will allegedly executed by late Balram in favour of his these two sons Before proceeding to consider his appeal it needs to be clarified that the question as to the validity of the Will is not being considered in this appeal. The parties shall be therefore, free to agitate their rights or to oppose this Will in some other appropriate proceedings.
( 7 ) APPEAL No. 356/80 has been admitted on following substantial questions of law: (A) Whether the appellant - plaintiffs mishrilal and Bhagwan, even being illegitimate sons of Balram, were entitled to share in the partition, in accordance with the provisions of the Hindu Succession act. 1956? (b) Whether, likewise Mulibai, even being not a law-fully wedded wife of Balramji, was equally entitled to a share in the partition? and (c) If so, result.
( 8 ) APPEAL No. 508/80 has been admitted on. following substantial question of law :"whether the Court below was right in confirming the decree of the trial C
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