2007 Supreme(MP) 373

2007(3) JLJ 220
Subhash Samvatsar and Sanjay Yadav, JJ.
Rama and Company v. State of M.P. and another
Writ Appeal No.342 to 345 of 2006 (Gwalior) : against the order of Single Judge passed in WP No. 543 of 1999 etc.; Decided on 3.4.2007.

Headnote:(1) Uchcha Nyayalaya (Khand Nyaypeeth Ko Appeal) Adhiniyam, 2005 (M.P.) -- S.2 -- Constitution of India --Arts.226/227 -- appeal under S.2 of Adhiniyam -- lies against order of Single Judge if he has exercised original jurisdiction under Art.226 -- if writ of certiorari is issued for quashing any orderljudgment of subordinate Court -- it is exercise of supervisory jurisdiction and appeal will not lie.

       It is alleged that the appellant could not lift the minimum quantity of liquor as agreed by him, therefore, a show cause notice was issued to the appellant. The appellant submitted his reply to the said show cause notice and the Collector after hearing the appellant has imposed a fine to the extent of Rs.10.00 per proof litre. This order was challenged by the present appellant by filing an appeal before the Excise Commissioner and the Excise Commissioner vide its order dated 29.1.1998 reduced the penalty from Rs.10.00 to Rs.8.00 per proof litre. This order was again challenged by the present appellant by filing an appeal before the Board of Revenue. The Board of Revenue allowed the appeal and further reduced the penalty from Rs.8.00 to Rs.3.00 per proof litre. This order was challenged by the State Government by filing a writ petition. [Paras 3 & 4

       The learned Single Judge after hearing the parties allowed the writ petition and set aside the order passed by the Board of Revenue as well as that of the Excise Commissioner and restored the order of the Collector. Hence, this appeal. [Para 5

       Shri Vivek Khedkar, learned counsel for the respondents State has raised a preliminary objection about the maintainability of this appeal. He submitted that the writ petition filed by the State Government against the order of Board of Revenue was infact under Article 227 of the Constitution of India. Hence, this appeal is not maintainable. [Para 7

       Held: The condition precedent for exercising powers of the appellate Court under the Adhiniyam, 2005 is that the learned Single Judge must invoke in its original jurisdiction. Thus, it is clear that merely because the High Court has exercised its jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India while issuing a writ of certiorari, even then an appeal shall not lie, because the High Court while issuing a writ of certiorari under Article 226 of the Constitution of India is in fact exercising supervisory jurisdiction and not original jurisdiction. [Para 21

       It is clear that even though an appeal against an order passed by the learned Single Judge in exercise of jurisdiction under Article 226 will lie only if the learned Single Judge has exercised power as an original jurisdiction and not under supervisory jurisdiction. The supervisory jurisdiction of the High Court cannot be equated with original jurisdiction. In such circumstances, even if the learned Single Judge has exercised its jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India and issued a writ of certiorari against an order passed by any Tribunal or a Court, then an appeal will not lie. 2007(1) JLJ 364 and WA No.310/2006 held per incuriam. Affirmed by Supreme Court in 2007(3) JLJ 231 (SC). [Para 25

       (2) Letters Patent (M.P.) -- Cl.10 -- M.P. Uchcha Nyayalaya (Khand Nyaypeeth Ko Appeal) Adhiniyam, 2005 -- S.2 -- appeals -- distinction between -- exercise of original jurisdiction -- not a condition precedent in LPA -- while for appeal under S.2 of the Adhiniyam, Judge must have exercised original jurisdiction under Article 226.

       Exercise of original jurisdiction is not a condition precedent for exercising the jurisdiction by Division Bench under LPA. While, as per section 2 of the Adhiniyam, 2005, a judgment or order passed by one Judge of the High Court must be in exercise of original jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution of India and there is a specific bar for exercise of appellate jurisdiction against the appellate orders and orders passed in exercise of supervisory jurisdiction under Article 227 of the Constitution of India. From comparative reading of clause 10 of the Letters Patent and section 2 of the Adhiniyam, 2005, it is clear that the scope of both the provisions are not pari materia and the scope of appeal under the Adhiniyam, 2005 is much narrower than the powers under clause 10 of the Letters Patent. The bar of exercising appellate jurisdiction under Article 227 of the Constitution of India is not specifically mentioned in the Letters Patent. Similarly, there was no specific bar for exercising jurisdiction against an interlocutory order passed by the Division Bench, but these two bars are specifically inserted in the Adhiniyam, 2005, which makes the difference in the two provisions. [Paras 12 & 13

       (3) Constitution of India -- Arts. 226/227 -- proceeding under Art.227 -- is not original proceeding. AIR 1986 SC 1272 followed. [Para 14

       (4) Constitution of India -- Arts.226/227 -- Single Judge making reference to exercise powers under Art.227 -- it can still be seen whether petition is under Art. 226 or Art.227 -- there is very thin line of distinction between the two. 2004(1) JLJ 1 (SC) followed. [Para 14

       (5) Constitution of India -- Arts.226/227 -- scope of -- High Court issuing writ of certiorari -- acts in exercise of supervisory jurisdiction. AIR 1955 SC 233 and AIR 1961 SC 1087 followed. [Para 15

       (6) Constitution of India -- Art.227 -- High Court correcting judgment of appellate Court -- exercises certiorari jurisdiction. AIR 2004 SC 3892 followed. [Para 16

       (7) Constitution of India -- Arts.323A and 227 -- Tribunals constituted as substitute of High Court -- High Court though cannot quash their judgment yet must continue to supervise their functioning. AIR 1996 SC 408 and (1997)3 SCC 261 followed. [Paras 17 & 18

       ¼1½ mPp U;k;ky; ¼[kaM U;k;ihB dks vihy½ vf/kfu;e] 2005¼e-iz-½ && /kkjk 2 && Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq-226@227 && vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 2 ds v/khu vihy && ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k ds vkns"K ds fo#) gksrh gS] ;fn vuq-226 ds v/khu ewy vf/kdkfjrk iz;qDr dh xbZ gS && ;fn v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk vkns‘k@fu.kZ; vfHk[kafMr djds mRisz"k.k fjV tkjh dh xbZ gS && ;g i;Zos{k.k dh vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx gS vkSj vihy ugha gksxhA

        ;g vfHkdfFkr gS fd vihykFkhZ] mlds }kjk tSlk djkj fd;k x;k Fkk] ‘kjkc dh U;wure ek=k ugha mBk ldk Fkk] blfy,] vihykFkhZ dks dkj.k crkvks lwpuk tkjh dh xbZ FkhA vihykFkhZ us mDr dkj.k crkvks lwpuk dk mÙkj izLrqr fd;k Fkk vkSj dyDVj us vihykFkhZ dks lwudj #- 10-00 izfr izwQ fyVj tqekZuk vf/kjksfir fd;k FkkA

        izLrqr vihykFkhZ }kjk bl vkns‘k ds fo#) vkcdkjh vk;qDr ds le{k vk{ksi fd;k Fkk rFkk vkcdkjh vk;qDr us ‘kkfLr #-10-00 ls ?kVk dj #-8-00 izfr izwQ fyVj dj nhA bl vkns‘k ij iqu% izLrqr vihykFkhZ us jktLo eaMy ds le{k vihy Qkby dj ds iqu% vk{ksi fd;k FkkA jktLo eaMy us vihy eatwj dh vkSj ‘kkfLr #-8-00 ls ?kVk dj #- 3-00 izfr izwQ fyVj dj nh] jkT; ljdkj }kjk ;g vkns‘k fjV ;kfpdk Qkby dj ds vk{ksfir fd;k x;k FkkA

       ¿ iSjk 3 ,oa 4À

        izR;FkhZ jkT; dh vksj ls fo}ku dkmUlsy Jh foosd [ksMdj us ;g vihy pykus ;ksX; gksus ds ckjs esa izkjafHkd vkifRrÙk mBkbZ gSA mUgksaus fuosnu fd;k fd jkT; ljdkj }kjk jkT;Lo eaMy ds vkns‘k ds fo#) Qkby dh xbZ fjV ;kfpdk oLrqr% vuqPNsn 227 ds v/khu FkhA vr%] ;g vihy pykus ;ksX; ugha gSA ¿ iSjk 7À

        vfHkfu/kkZfjr % 2005 ds vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vf/kdkfjrk iz;qDr dh tkus ds fy, iwoZ‘krZ ;g gS fd fo}ku ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k }kjk ewy vf/kdkfjrk dk gh vkJ; fy;k tkuk vko‘;d gS abl izdkj] ;g Li"V gS fd ek= bl dkj.k ls Hkh fd mPp U;k;ky; us mRiszj.kk fjV tkjh fd, tkus esa Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 226 ds v/khu viuh vf/kdkfjrk iz;qDr dh gS] vihy ugha gksxh D;kasfd Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 226 ds v/khu mRisz"k.k fjV tkjh fd, tkus esa mPp U;k;ky; }kjk oLrqr% i;Zos{k.k vf/kdkfjrk iz;qDr dh tkrh gS] ewy vf/kdkfjrk ughaA

       ¿ iSjk 21À

        ;g Li"V gS fd ;|fi fo}ku ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k }kjk vuqPNsn 226 ds v/khu vf/kdkfjrk ds iz;ksx ls ikfjr vkns‘k ds fo#) dsoy rc vihy gksxh ;fn fo}ku ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k us ewy vf/kdkfjrk dh Hkk¡fr ‘kkfDr iz;qDr dh gS] i;Zos{k.k vf/kdkfjrk ds v/khu ughaA mPp U;k;ky; dh i;Zos{k.k vf/kdkfjrk] ewy vf/kdkfjrk ls leh—r ugha dh tk ldrhA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkys&gh fo}ku ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k us viuh vf/kdkfjrk Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 226 ds v/khu iz;qDr dh gks vkSj fdlh vf/kdj.k vFkok U;k;ky; ds vkns‘k ds fo#) mRisz"k.k fjV tkjh dh gks] vihy ugha gksxhA 2007¼1½ ts ,y ts 364 rFkk fjV vihy Ø-310@2006 vuo/kkurk ds dkj.k vfHkfu/kkZfjrA 2007¼3½ ts ,y ts 231 ¼mPpre U;k-½ esa mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vfHkiq"VA ¿ iSjk 25À

       ¼2½ ySVlZ isVsaV ¼e-iz-½ && [kaM 10 && e-iz- mPp U;k;ky; ¼[kaM U;k;ihB dks vihy½ vf/kfu;e] 2005¼e-iz-½ && /kkjk 2 && vihyssa && izHksn && ewy vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx && ySVlsZ isVsaV vihy esa iwoZ‘krZ ugha && tc fd vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 2 ds v/khu vihy esa U;k;k/kh‘k }kjk vuq- 226 ds v/khu ewy vf/kdkfjrk iz;qDr dh xbZ gksuk vfuok;Z gSA

        ySVlZ isVsaV vihy ds v/khu [kaM U;k;ihB }kjk vf/kdkfjrk iz;qDr dh tkus ds fy, ewy vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx iwoZ‘krZ ugha gSA tc fd 2005 ds vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 2 ds vuqlkj] mPp U;k;ky; ds ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; rFkk vkns‘k Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 226 ds v/khu ewy vf/kdkfjrk esa iz;ksx es gksuk vfuok;Z gS vkSj vihyh vkns‘kksa vkSj Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 227 ds v/khu i;Zos{k.k vf/kdkfjrk ds iz;ksx esa ikfjr vkns‘kksa ds fo#) vihyh vf/kdkfjrk ds iz;ksx dk fofufnZ"V otZu gSA

        ySVlZ isVsaV ds [akM 10 rFkk 2005 ds vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 2 ds rqyukRed ikB ls ;g Li"V gS fd nksuksa mica/kksa dh O;kfIr le:i ugha gS vkSj 2005 ds vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vihy dh O;kfIr ySVlZ isVssaV ds [kaM 10 dh ‘kfDr;ksa ds vf/kd ladh.kZ gSA Hkkjr ds lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 227 ds v/khu vihyh vf/kdkfjrk ds iz;ksx dk otZu] ySVlZ isVsaV esa fofufnZ"Vr% mfYyf[kr ugha gSA blh Hkk¡fr] [kaM U;k;ihB }kjk fdlh varoZrhZ vkns‘k ds fo#) vf/kdkfjrk ds iz;ksx dk fofufnZ"V otZu ugha Fkk] fdarq ;g nksuksa otZu 2005 ds vf/kfu;e esa fofufnZ"Vr% lfUufo"V fd, x, gSa] ftlls nksuksa mica/kksa esa lqfHkUurk gqbZ gSA ¿ iSjk 12 ,oa 13À

       ¼3½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq-226@227 && ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k }kjk vuq-227 ds v/khu dk;Zokgh && ewy dk;Zokgh ugha gSA , vkb vkj 1986 ,l lh 1272 vuqlfjrA

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       ¼4½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq-226@227 && ,dy U;k;k/kh‘k }kjk vuq-227 ds v/khu ‘kfDr;k¡ iz;qDr dh tkus dk funs‘k && rFkkfi bldh tk¡p dh tk ldrh gS fd ;kfpdk vuq- 226 ds v/khu gS vFkok 227 dsA 2004¼1½ ts ,y ts 1 ¼mPpre U;k-½ vuqlfjrA

        ¿ iSjk 14À

       ¼5½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq-226@227 && O;kfIr && mPp U;k;ky; }kjk mRisz"k.k fjV tkjh dh tkuk && i;Zos{k.k vf/kdkfjrk ds iz;ksx esa dk;Z djrk gSA , vkb vkj 1+955 ,l lh 233 rFkk , vkb vkj 1961 ,l lh 1084 vuqlfjrA ¿ iSjk 15À

       ¼6½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq-227 && mPp U;k;ky; }kjk vihy U;k;ky; dk vkns‘k ‘kq) fd;k tkuk && mRisaz"k.k vf/kdkfjrk dk iz;ksx gSA , vkb vkj 2004 ,l lh 3892 vuqlfjrA ¿ iSjk 16À

       ¼7½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq-323d rFkk 227 && mPp U;k;ky; ds vuqdYi dh Hkk¡fr vf/kdj.kksa dk xBu && mPp U;k;ky; ;|fi muds fu.kZ; vfHk[kafMr ugha dj ldrk] rFkkfi muds dk;Z dk i;Zos{k.k tkjh j[kk tkuk pkfg,A , vkb vkj 1996 ,l lh 408 rFkk ¼1997½3 ,l lh lh 261 vuqlfjrA ¿ iSjk 17 ,oa 18À