1996 Supreme(MP) 189

1996 JLJ 642
R.P. Awasthy and Rajeev Gupta, JJ.
Imratlal Vishwakarma and others v. State of M.P.
Misc. Cr. Case No. 648 of 1995; Decided on 9.2.1996.

Headnote:(1) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S.438 -- first application for anticipatory bail on whatsoever ground rejected -- second application is maintainable if the ground is changed.

       

        Petitioner can, even if the first application filed u/s. 438, CrPC is rejected, file a fresh application u/s. 438, CrPC and obviously, the principle of res judicata would not apply in such a matter. If the application has been filed on the same grounds which had already been considered earlier while rejecting the first bail application, it can be rejected summarily on the ground that the same grounds have been re-agitated in the fresh petition and the petition has not been moved on any new ground. However, it shall have to be considered in each petition on the facts and circumstances of that case that the said aspects had been pressed into service in the previous petition which was rejected and no new ground has been shown to exist for releasing the petitioner on bail under section 438, CrPC. This can be determined only on the facts and circumstances of each case and the Court has to decide as to whether the fresh petition has been filed on the same grounds which were considered and not accepted, or rejected in the previous petition and no new ground has been made out in the second application. In our opinion, to say that the second application filed u/s. 438, CrPC would not be tenable, would be laying down something which is not there in codified and legislated legislation. Misc. Cr. Case No. 4109/92 and 1992 CrLJ 2208 overruled. 1986 CrLJ 279 relied on. [Paras 10 & 11

        (2) Criminal P.C., 1973--S. 438 -- first application dismissed -- no direction to surrender before competent authority can be given -- second application not barred.

        While rejecting the first application there is nothing in law authorising the Court in directing the petitioner to surrender before the competent authority. Conditions can be imposed under sub-section (2) of section 438, CrPC when the Court directs that in the event of arrest, he shall be released on bail. But when the first application is rejected, the law does not envisage that any such condition can be imposed that the accused should surrender before competent authority. In view of the said reasoning, it cannot be inferred that after rejection of the first application, the accused is deliberately absconding. Consequently, the second application cannot be said to be untenable on the said score as well. Misc. Cr. Case No. 4109/92 overruled. [Para 13

        (3) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S.438 -- first application for anticipatory bail -- dismissed on merits -- second application is still maintainable -- not necessary that first application should either be withdrawn or dismissed as not pressed. 1993 JLJ 476 overruled. 1986 CrLJ 279 relied on. [Paras 15 & 16

       

        (4) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S. 438 -- powers under are of extraordinary character -- are not ordinarily resorted to -- should be exercised with due care and circumspection. AIR 1980 SC 1362 followed. [Para 18

        (5) Criminal P.C., 1973 -Ss. 438 and 397 (3) -- provision under S. 438 -does not contain any prohibition as contained in S. 397 (3) -- no new words can be added in a provision which are not there. AIR 1980 SC 1362 followed. [Para 18

        (6) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S.438 -- petition for anticipatory bail rejected by Court of Sessions -- further application before High Court is not barred. 1983 JLJ 30 and AIR 1980 HP 36 (FB) relied on. [Para 19

        ¼1½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 438 & vfxze tekur ds fy, igyk vkosnu fdlh Hkh vk/kkj ij [kkfjt & nwljk vkosnu pykus ;ksX; gksxk ;fn vk/kkj ifjofrZr gks x;k gksA

        Hkys gh naM çfØ;k lafgrk dh /kkjk 438 ds v/khu Qkby fd;k x;k vkosnu [kkfjt gks x;k gks] na-ç-la dh /kkjk 438 ds v/khu vthZnkj u;k vkosnu Qkby dj ldrk gS vkSj çdVr%] ,sls ekeys esa iwoZ U;k; ykxw ugha gksxkA ;fn vkosnu mUgha vk/kkjkas ij Qkby fd;k x;k gS ftu ij tekur dk çFke vkosnu [kkfjt djrs le; iwoZ esa gh fopkj fd;k tk pqdk Fkk] og la{ksir% bl vk/kkj ij [kkfjt fd;k tk ldrk gS fd u, vkosnu esa ogh vk/kkj mBk, x, gSa] vkosnu fdlh u, vk/kkj ij ugha fd;k x;k gSA rFkkfi] çR;sd vthZ esa] ml ekeys ds rF;ksa vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij ls ;g fopkj fd;k tkuk gksxk fd mDr fLFkfr;k¡ iwfoZd vthZ esa çLrqr dh xbZ Fkh tks [kkfjt dh xbZ Fkh na-ç-la- dh /kkjk 438 ds v/khu vthZnkj dks tekur ij NksM+s tkus ds fy, dksbZ u;k vk/kkj nf‘kZr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ;g çR;sd ekeys ds rF;ksa vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij ls gh vo/kkfjr fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj U;k;ky; dks fofuf‘pr djuk gksrk gS fd D;k u;k vkosnu mUgha vk/kkjksa ij Qkby fd;k x;k gS ftu ij iwfoZd vthZ esa fopkj fd;k x;k vkSj eatwj ugha fd, x, Fks vFkok ukeatwj dj fn, x, Fks rFkk nwljs vkosnu esa dksbZ u;k vk/kkj ugha crk;k x;k gSA gekjh jk; esa] ;g dguk fd na-ç-la- dh /kkjk 438 ds v/khu Qkby fd;k x;k nwljk vkosnu xzká ugha gksxk] dqN ,slk vf/kdfFkr djuk gksxk tks lafgrkc) vkSj fo/kkf;r fo/kku esa ugha gSA çdh.kZ nkafMd ekeyk Ø- 4109@92 rFkk 1992 lhvkj ,y ts 2208 myVk x;kA 1986 lhvkj ,y ts 279 voyafcrA ¿iSjk 10 rFkk 11

        ¼2½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 438 & igyk vkosnu [kkfjt & l{ke çkf/kdkjh ds le{k çLrqr gksus dk vkns‘k ugha fn;k tk ldrk & f}rh; vkosnu oftZr ughaA

        Ikgyk vkosnu [kkfjt djrs le; vthZnkj dks l{ke çkf/kdkjh ds le{k çLrqr gksus djus dk funs‘k nsus dks çkf/kÑr djus okyk fof/k esa dqN Hkh ugha gSA U;k;ky; }kjk tc funs‘k nsrk gS fd fxjrkjh dh fLFkfr esa mls tekur ij NksM+ fn;k tk,] na-ç-la- dh /kkjk 438 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu ‘krs± vf/kjksfir dh tk ldrh gSA fdarq tc igyk vkosnu [kkfjt fd;k tkrk gS] fof/k esa ;g ifjdfYir ugha gS fd ,slh dksbZ ‘krZ vf/kjksfir dh tk ldrh gS fd vfHk;qDr l{ke çkf/kdkjh ds l{ke çLrqr gksA mDr rdZ dh n`f"V ls] ;g vuqfer ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd igys vkosnu dh [kkfjth ds i‘pkr~ vfHk;qDr tkucw> dj Qjkj gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] nwljk vkosnu mDr nwljs dkj.k ls Hkh vxzká gksuk ugha dgk tk ldrkA çdh.kZ nkafMd ekeyk Ø- 4109@92 myVk x;kA ¿iSjk 13

        ¼3½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 438 & vfxze tekur ds fy, igyk vkosnu & xq.kkxq.k ij [kkfjt & nwljk vkosnu fQj Hkh pykus ;ksX; gS & ;g vko‘;d ugha gS fd igyk vkosnu ;k rks çR;kâr fd;k x;k gks vFkok vkxzg ugha ds :Ik esa [kkfjt gqvk gksA 1993 ts ,y ts 476 myVk x;kA 1986 lhvkj ,y ts 279 voyafcrA ¿iSjk 15 rFkk 16

        ¼4½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 438 & ‘kfDr;k¡ vlk/kkj.k çÑfr dh gSa & lkekU;r;k vkJ; ;ksX; ugha gSa ≦d~ lko/kkuh rFkk lrdZrk ls ç;qDr dh tkuk pkfg,A , vkb vkj 1980 ,l lh 1362 vuqlfjrA ¿iSjk 18

        ¼5½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 438 rFkk 397 ¼3½ & /kkjk 438 ds v/khu mica/k && /kkjk 397 ¼3½ esa ;Fkklekfo"V dksbZ fu"ks/k lekfo"V ugha gSa & fdlh mica/k esa dksbZ u, ‘‘kCn ugha tksM+s tk ldrs tks mlesa ugha gSaA , vkb vkj 1980 ,l lh 1362 vuqlfjrA ¿iSjk 18

        ¼6½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 438 & vfxze tekur ds fy, vthZ ls‘ku U;k;ky; }kjk [kkfjt & mPp U;k;ky; ds le{k vkSj vkosnu oftZr ugha gSaA 1983 ts ,y ts 30 rFkk , vkb vkj 1980 fg-ç- 36 ¼iw.kZ U;k;ihB½ voyafcrA ¿iSjk 19