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1990 Supreme(MP) 324

1991 JLJ 273
V.D. Gyani, J.
Kaniram and others v. State of M.P.
M.Cr. Case No. 1233 of 1990;
Decided on 30.8.1990.

Advocates:
Jaisingh for applicants; Desai, Panel Lawyer for State.

Headnote:(1) Constitution of India -- Art. 21 -- considerable delay in investigation and trial of criminal case -- is a breach of human right of freedom guaranteed under the Constitution. AIR 1979 SC 1518 followed. [Para 8

        (2) Criminal Practice -- investigation of a criminal case -- should be completed within six months --- trial of a sessions case -- should be completed within six months where charge sheet has been filed. AIR 1979 SC 1518 followed. [Para 9

        (3) Criminal P.C., 1973 --- S. 439 --- conclusion of sessions trial not possible within reasonable time despite co-operation of accused --- undertrial prisoner deserves to be released on bail. Crimes 1986 Vol. 3 -- 429 relied on. [Para 10

        (4) Criminal P.C., 1973 --- S. 439 --- State not providing adequate machinery for dispensing justice quickly --- it has no right to oppose bail application. 1978 JLJ 592 relied on. [Para 13

        (5) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S. 173 -- filing of charge sheet without expert‘s report --- cannot be approved of. [Para 22

        (6) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S. 167 - proviso --- has been inserted with a view to complete investigation quickly. [Para 20

        (7) Criminal P.C., 1973 -- S. 439 --- under trial prisoner of sessions case -- trial not completed within six months after filing charge sheet -- accused is entitled to bail. AIR 1979 SC 1518, AIR 1987 Patna 219, AIR 1979 SC 1360 and AIR 1981 SC 931 discussed. [Para 23

        ¼1½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq- 21 && nkafMd ekeys esa vUos"k.k ,oa fopkj.k esa cgqr foyac && lafo/kku ds v/khu izR;kHkwr ekuo dh Lora=rk ds vf/kdkj dk Hkax gSA , vkb vkj 1979 ,l lh 1518 vuqlfjrA ¿ iSjk 8

        ¼2½ nkafMd izFkk && nkafMd ekeys dk vUos"k.k && nks ekl esa iwjk fd;k tkuk pkfg, && ls‘ku ekeys dk fopkj.k && tc vkjksii= Qkby fd;k tk pqdk gks] Ng ekl esa iwjk fd;k tkuk pkfg,A , vkb vkj 1979 ,l lh 1518 vuqlfjrA ¿ iSjk 9

        ¼3½ naM izfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 && /kkjk 439 && vfHk;qDr ds lg;ksx djus ij Hkh ls‘ku fopkj.k dk lekiu leqfpr le; esa laHko ugha && fopkj.kk/khu dSnh tekur ij NksM+ fn, tkus ;ksX; gSA Økbe 1986 oh-3&429 voyafcrA ¿ iSjk 10

        ¼4½ naM izfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 && /kkjk 439 && ‘kh?kz U;k; iznku fd, tkus gsrq jkT; us i;kZIr ra= dk izca/k ugha fd;k && mls tekur vkosnu dk fojks/k djus dk vf/kdkj ugha gSA 1978 ts ,y ts 592 voyafcrA ¿ iSjk 13

        ¼5½ naM izfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 && /kkjk 173 && fo‘ks"kK dh fjiksVZ ds fcuk vkjksii= Qkby djuk && vuqeksfnr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ¿ iSjk 22

        ¼6½ naM izfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 && /kkjk 167 && ijarqd && vUos"k.k ‘kh?kz iwjk fd, tkus ds n`f"Vdks.k ls var%LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA ¿ iSjk 20

        ¼7½ naM izfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 && /kkjk 439 && ls‘ku ekeys dk fopkj.kk/khu dSnh && vkjksii= Qkby djus ds Ng ekl ds Hkhrj fopkj.k iwjk ugha gqvk && vfHk;qDr tekur dk gdnkj gSA , vkb vkj 1979 ,l lh 1518] , vkb vkj 1987 iVuk 219] , vkb vkj 1979 ,l lh 2360 ,oa , vkb vkj 1981 ,l lh 931 foosfprA ¿ iSjk 23

ORDER

V.D. Gyani. J. -- 1. All these bail petitions u/s. 439 CrPC have a common thread, although they relate to crimes registered at various police stations against different persons. All of them, barring only M.Cr.C. 1200/90 alone, are repeaters, having lost in their bid, to get bail on merits. The common thread that runs through these petitions is the common ground of delay raised in all these petitions, and stressed by all the learned counsel appearing in these cases. Trials in all these cases have been delayed for want of committal orders which in turn have been delayed or deferred for non-production of reports, either from the Chemical Examiners or from the State Forensic Laboratory with the net result that the petitioners undoubtedly accused of serious crimes, like murder and dacoity, are suffering pretrial incarceration. They have a point-when they ask, how long and after all how long they should wait for filing of reports from State Forensic Science Laboratory, the passing of committal orders at times very conveniently and comfortably deferred, by the magistrates, at the behest of some of the sessions judges, putting a self-serving assumptive interpretations of Criminal Court Rules and Orders framed by this Court, issuing administrative instructions to the magistrates not to commit a case to sessions until such reports are filed. (It is no exaggeration but a grim reality emerging from records of this bunch of petitions.) The investigating agency after filing of charge sheet to avoid attracting proviso to section 167(2) CrPC, seldom if ever bothers much less evinces any interest, in producing or filing such reports, in cases where incomplete charge sheets are filed. While this rigmarole goes on, it is the accused, who has to pay for all this delay.

2. Learned counsels appearing for the petitioners expressing their concern and anxiety for expeditious trial, submitted that in view of a considerable number of pending sessions trials, there was no possibility of any early trial in near future even if the case stands committed to sessions for trial.


3. It was with a view to get adequately apprised of the number of cases pending in the Courts of magistrates awaiting committal for want of reports from the State FSL, and the number of pending sessions trials in the concerned Sessions Division, a direction was made seeking information from the Sessions Judges of the concerned Sessions Division. Accordingly reports have been received from Sessions Judges of Indore, Ujjain, Ratlam, Dewas, Jhabua and West Nimar Districts. The Sessions Judge, Indore reports that as on 1.7.90, 533 sessions trials were pending in the Courts. The number of cases awaiting committal for want of chemical examiner's reports were 146. On the basis of information which could be collected in this short span of time the Sessions Judge, Ujjain has reported that 63 sessions trials were pending and the number of cases awaiting committal were 79. There are as many as 31 sessions trials pending in the Court of 1st Addl. Sessions Judge and 15 in Vth Addl. Sessions Judges Court, Ujjain wherein reports from State FSL have not been filed although the cases stood committed. The report received from the Sessions Judge, Jhabua makes a shocking reading, 427 sessions trials were pending on 1.7.90. At Alirajpur alone 126 trials were pending with the Court of IIIrd Addl. Sessions Judge. According to report received from Ratlam, cases awaiting committal were 169, with 130 pending sessions trials.

4. Excluding from consideration the time that has elapsed, which on an average comes to six months, the prospects of a trial, in the context of above noted pendency in the ordinary course, can well be gauged.

5. Shri Desai, learned Panel Lawyer appearing for the State, deserves a word of praise for the fair stand that he had taken on principle there is no dispute, (nor could there be any in face of number of many judgments of the Supreme Court) about the right of an accused to have a




















































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