IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Prem Narayan Singh, J.
Vijendra v. Smt. Rekhabai @ Pappi & Another
Criminal Revision No. 790 of 2019 (Indore): against the judgment dated 28.12.2018 passed by the Principal Judge, Family Court, Dhar in MJCR No. 62/2017; Decided on 15.4.2024
(1) Criminal P.C. 1973 -- S.125 -- Evidence Act, 1872 -- S.41 -- relevant fact -- divorce on basis of adultery -- attained finality -- is relevant to maintenance case as per provisions of S. 41 of Evidence Act. 2015-4-LW 553 (Mad.) relied on. [Paras 8 & 9]
(2) Words and Phrases -- expressions "relevant" and "admissibility" -- their legal implications are distinct and different -- for example, evidence of witness who dies prior to his cross-examination is relevant though evidentiary value will depend upon facts and circumstances of case -- relevant evidence is prima facie admissible unless it is secluded for some other reasons. [Para 11]
(3) Criminal P.C. 1973 -- S.125(4) -- "living in adultery" -- means only continuous and repeated acts of adultery -- on substratum of single instance of living in adultery, wife could not be eschewed from getting maintenance. 2022 Live Law (Del.) 324, 2011 Law Suit (MP) 179 and 2018 ILR (MP) 1571 relied on. 2023 SCC OnLine Kar. 66 referred to. [Para 14]
¼1½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 125 & lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 & èkkjk 41 & lqlaxr rF; & tkjrk ds vk/kkj ij fookg&foPNsn & vafre gks x;k & lk{; vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 41 ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj Hkj.kiks"k.k ds ekeys ds fy, lqlaxr gSA 2015 ¼4½ ,yMCY;w 553 ¼eækl½ voyafcrA ¼iSjk 8 ,oa 9½
¼2½ 'kCn rFkk okD;ka'k & vfHkO;fä;k¡ ^^lqlaxr** rFkk ^^xzkg~krk** & buds fof/kd rkRi;Z lqfHkUu vkSj i`Fkd~ gSa & mnkgj.kkFkZ] ,sls lk{kh dk lk{; lqlaxr gksrk gS ftldh e`R;q mldh çfrijh{kk ds iwoZ gks tkrh gS] rFkkfi mldk lkf{;d ewY; çdj.k ds rF;ksa vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fuHkZj djsxk -- lqlaxr lk{; çFken`"V~;k xzkg~; gksrk gS] tc rd fd mls fdUgha vU; dkj.kksa ls i`Fkd~ ugha dj fn;k tk,A ¼iSjk 11½
¼3½ naM çfØ;k lafgrk] 1973 & /kkjk 125¼4½ & ^^tkjrk esa jguk** & tkjrk ds fujarj vkSj iqujko`Ùk —R; gh vfHkçsr gSa & tkjrk esa jgus dh ,dek= ?kVuk ds vk/kkj ij iRuh dks Hkj.kiks"k.k çkIr djus ls oafpr ugha fd;k tk ldrk FkkA 2022 ykbo y‚ ¼fnYyh½ 324] 2011 y‚ lwV ¼,eih½ 179 rFkk 2018 vkb,yvkj ¼,eih½ 1571 voyafcrA 2023 ,llhlh v‚uykbu dukZ- 66 fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 14½
ORDER
1. This criminal revision has been filed by the petitioner under section 19(4) of the Family Courts Act r/w section 397 of Cr.P.C. being aggrieved by the judgment dated 28.12.2018, passed by learned Principal Judge, Family Court, Dhar M.P., in MJCR No. 62/2017, whereby the learned Principal Judge has allowed the application filed on behalf of the respondents and awarded Rs. 3000/- per month as maintenance in favour respondent No.1 and Rs. 3000/- per month in favour of respondent No.2/daughter from the date of application. Hence, the present petition before this Court for reduction of the maintenance amount.
2. During the course of arguments, learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the the learned trial Court has awarded maintenance @ Rs.6000/- per month on higher side. In this regard, learned counsel for the petitioner submits that divorce decree has been passed by learned family Court on the ground of adultery. Such finding is relevant for deciding the issue of adultery in the present case. it is further submitted that the learned family Court has clearly stated that the respondent of this case surviving her life in adultery. Virtually, on this point, there are overwhelming evidence in this case too.
3. In support of his contention, counsel for the petitioner placed reliance over the judgment passed by Madras High Court in the case of M.Chinna Karuppasamy v. Kanimozhi 2015-4-L.W.553 wherein, the Court has observed that "A divorced wife, who lives in adultery, is disqualified from claiming maintenance under section 125 of Cr.P.C."
4. Counsel for the petitioner further placed reliance over the judgment of Karnataka High Court passed in the case of Shanthakumari v. Thimmegowda [2023 SCC ONLine Kar 66] wherein the Court has observed that "the oral and documentary evidence produced clearly establish that the petitioner is not honest towards husband and she has got extramarital af airs with neighbor Mahesh and all along, she asserted that she used to stay with him. When the petitioner is staying in adultery, the question of she claiming maintenance does not arise at all. the contention of the petitioner that the petitioner is a legally wedded wife and entitled for maintenance cannot be accepted in view of the conduct of petitioner, who is not honest and is leading adulterous life."
5. Per contra, counsel for the respondent/wife admitted that although the respondent has now married, but it cannot be said that she was in adultery and only on the basis of surmises and conjunctures, such type of allegations cannot be leveled regarding involvement of the respondent/wife in adultery. Anyway, even one chance of adultery cannot eschew her from getting maintenance from her husband. Hence, the learned trial Court has rightly considered the evidence available on record and granted maintenance in favour of the respondents. Hence, prays for dismissal of the petition.
6. In support of her contention counsel for the respondent place reliance over the judgment of Delhi High Court passed in the case of Sh. Pradeep Kumar Sharma v. Smt. Deepika Sharma [2022 Live Law (DEl) 324], wherein the Court observed that "only continuous and repeated acts of adultery or cohabitation in adultery would attract the rigours of the provisions under section 125(4) of Cr.P.C."
7. I have heard the counsel for the parties and gone through he record.
8. Certainly, non-application has filed a judgment of ASJ, Shujalpur who has decreed the case of divorce between the parties on the basis of adultery. Certainly, that finding is relevant to this case as per the provisions of section 41 of Evidence Act. In this regard, the law laid down by Madras High Court in M.Chinna Karuppasamy (supra), the Court observed as under :--
"22. In view of section 41 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, if once the decree for divorce is granted on the ground of adultery, such finding is relevant for deciding the issue of adultery in the present case. This Court cannot sit in an appeal
A wife living in adultery is not entitled to maintenance if proven by continuous evidence; mere isolated incidents are insufficient.
The burden of proof for alleging a spouse is living in adultery lies with the husband, who must demonstrate continuous conduct to deny maintenance under Section 125.
The court ruled that a wife disqualified from maintenance under Section 125 due to adultery cannot claim maintenance post-divorce if evidence of past conduct supports the claim.
Proper consideration of the issue of adultery is essential in determining a wife's entitlement to maintenance under section 125(4) of Cr.P.C.
The burden of proof lies with the husband to establish continuous adultery to deny maintenance; isolated incidents are insufficient.
A husband is liable to pay maintenance to his wife and minor children under Section 125 Cr.P.C., even if he alleges that the wife is living in adultery.
The court emphasized the welfare nature of maintenance laws and the need to prevent destitution, holding that grounds of cruelty, adultery, and desertion did not disentitle the respondent from receiv....
The duty of a husband to provide maintenance to the wife exists unless exceptions under Section 125 of the Cr.P.C. are proven. Grounds of cruelty, adultery, and desertion do not disentitle the wife f....
Grant of Maintenance – Provision provided under Section 125 of Cr.P.C. is a measure of social justice extended to protect rights of wife and minor children with object to prevent vagrancy and destitu....
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