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IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Rohit Arya, J.
Dharmendra Jatav v. State of M.P. & Others
Writ Petition No. 15591 of 2020 (Indore); Decided on 19.1.2021
¼1½ Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-ç-½ && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ rFkk 158 ¼3½ && Òwfe iV~Vs ij çnku dh xà && iÍsnkj ÒwfeLokeh g¨ x;k && og dysDVj dh iwoZ vuqKk d¢ fcuk varj.k ugÈ djsxkA ¼iSjk 8
¼2½ Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-ç-½ && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ && varj.k dk otZu ;k izfr"ksèk && vfÒçsr && o"kZ 1966&67 esa iV~Vk çnku fd;k x;k && 1-3-1994 d¨ foØ; fd;k x;k && otZu ;k izfr"ksèk varj.k ds fnukad d¢ lanÒZ esa gS] iÍk çnku djus ds fnukad ds ughaA 2002 jk- fu- 250 ¼mPp U;k-½] 2002 jk- fu- 95 ¼mPp U;k-½] 2012 jk- fu- 97 ¼mPp U;k-½] 1996 jk- fu- 175 ¼mPpre U;k-½] 1976 jk- fu- 146 ¼mPp U;k-&iw.kZ U;k;ihB½] 2000 jk-fu- 141 ¼mPpre U;k-½ rFkk ¼2005½ 10 ,l lh lh 124 fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 10
¼3½ laifÙk varj.k vfèkfu;e] 1882 && èkkjk 54 && e-ç- Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ && dysDVj dh iwoZ vuqKk d¢ fcuk foØ; fd;k x;k
&& foØ; foys[k vkjaHk ls 'kwU; gS && U;k;ky; dh d¨Ã Ĩ"k.kk dh vko';drk ugÈA ¼iSjk 10
¼4½ ifjlhek vfèkfu;e] 1963 && èkkjk 5 && e-ç- Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ && ifjlhek dk fook|d && lafgrk dh èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ d¢ vèkhu dysDVj dh iwoZ vuqKk d¢ fcuk varj.k && vkjaHk 'kwU; gS && ,sls laO;ogkj d¢ fo"k; esa ifjlhek dk ç'u mRiUu ugÈ g¨rkA 2010 jk- fu- 409 ¾ 210 ¼3½ ts ,y ts 77 ¼mPp U;k&&iw.kZ U;k;ihB½ fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 10
¼5½ Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-ç-½ && èkkjk 257 ¼p½ rFkk 165 ¼7&[k½
&& vfèkdkfjrk && lafgrk }kjk vkPNkfnr Òwfe dk LokfeRo jkT; esa fufgr gS && dysDVj dh iwoZ vuqKk d¢ fcuk foØ; foys[k fd;k x;k && foØ; foys[k vkjaHk 'kwU; gS && ,sls foØ; foys[k ds vk/kkj ij Øsrk dk ukekarj.k g¨ x;k && 'kwU; laO;ogkj dh tkudkjh g¨us ij vfèkdkj vfÒys[k dh çfof"V && fofèk esa izfrf"k) gks ;k 'kwU; ÑR; }kjk nwf"kr gks rks] lnSo 'kq) dh tk ldrh gS && mi[kaM vfèkdkjh }kjk jktLo vfHkys[k esa ,slh çfof"V Bhd gh jí dh xÃA ¼iSjk 10
¼6½ Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ¼e-ç-½ && èkkjk 111 rFkk 165 ¼7&[k½ && èkkjk 111 dk ykxw g¨uk && dysDVj dh iwoZ vuqKk d¢ fcuk foØ; foys[k && vkjaHk ls 'kwU; gS && flfoy U;k;ky; d¨ n¨ i{kdkj¨a d¢ eè; fookn dk fofu'p;u djus dh vfèkdkfjrk gS] tgk¡ jkT; i{kdkj ugÈ gks && bl çdj.k d¢ rF;¨a ,oa ifjfLFkfr;¨a esa && èkkjk 111 d¢ micaèk ykxw ugÈ g¨rsA ¼iSjk 10
¼7½ laifÙk varj.k vfèkfu;e] 1882 && èkkjk 111 ¼N½ ¼2½ && e-ç- Òw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ && Òwfeghu O;fä dks thou;kiu dk lkèku çnku djus ds fy, iÍk çnku fd;k x;k && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ d¢ vfrØe.k esa varj.k && çR;FkÊ Øekad 5 Øsrk dk ukekarj.k g¨ x;k && ;kph }kjk Lo;a ds Qk;ns ds lekukarj ç;¨tu ls varjLFk gsrq ls f'kdk;r dh xà && çR;FkÊ Øekad 5 d¢ i{k esa çfof"V jí djus ls && ;kph ds Qk;ns ds fy, izo`Ùk ugha gksxk && iêk leigj.k }kjk i;Zolku ;ksX; && ;kph dks lwpuk tkjh djus rFkk dCts ds izR;korZu ds fy, izR;FkhZ Ø-5 ds fo#) dkjZokbZ vkjaHk djus dk jkT; dks funs'kA , vkb vkj 1947 eækl 67] , vkà vkj 1951 ckWEcs 283 rFkk ,-vkb-vkj- 1964 vka- iz- 539 fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 11 ls 15
¼8½ Òkjr dk lafoèkku && vuq- 226 && e-iz- Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 && èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ && vuq- 226 ds v/khu vfèkdkfjrk dh O;kfIr && ;kph foØ; d¢ djkj dk lk{kh && lafgrk dh èkkjk 165 ¼7&[k½ d¢ vèkhu dysDVj dh iwoZ vuqKk d¢ fcuk foØ; && ckn esa ;kph }kjk f'kdk;r dh xà && ;kph dk vkpj.k rFkk O;ogkj && ;g fof/kd lw= vkÑ"V fd dksbZ Hkh O;fDr vius Lo;a d¢ n¨"k dk Qk;nk ugÈ mBk ldrk && lkE;kiw.kZ vfèkdkfjrk dk ç;¨x djrs gq, rFkk U;k;] lkE;k vkSj 'kq) vardj.k dh ladYiuk dk /;ku j[krs gq, ;kph vius Lo;a d¢ n¨"k d¢ ykÒ dk miÒ¨x djus dk gdnkj ugÈ && iÍk lekIr djus dh dk;ZokbZ djus d¢ fy, jkT; funsf'kr && çR;FkÊ Øekad 5 d¢ fo#) dk;ZokbZ vkjaHk djus d¢ fy, Òh funsf'krA ¼iSjk 12 ls 15
(1) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M.P.) -- Ss. 165 (7-B) and 158 (3) -- land granted on lease -- lessee becomes Bhumiswami -- he shall not transfer land without prior permission of Collector. [Para 8
(2) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M.P.) -- S. 165 (7-B) -- bar or prohibition of transfer -- meaning -- lease granted in year 1966-67 sold on 1.3.1994 -- bar or prohibition is in reference to date of transfer, not date of grant of lease. 2002 RN 250 (HC), 2002 RN 95 (HC), 2012 RN 97 (HC), 1996 RN 175 (SC), 1976 RN 146 (HC-FB), 2000 RN 141 (SC) and (2005)10 SCC 124 referred to [Para 10
(3) Transfer of Property Act, 1882 -- S.54 -- M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959 -- S. 165 (7-B) -- sale made without prior permission of Collector -- sale deed is void ab initio -- no declaration required from Court of law. [Para 10
(4) Limitation Act, 1963 -- S.5 -- M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959 -- S.165 (7-B) -- issue of limitation -- transfer without prior permission of Collector under section 165 (7-B) of Code -- is void ab initio -- question of limitation about such transaction does not arise. 2010 RN 409 = 2010 (3) JLJ 77 (HC-FB) referred to. [Para 10
(5) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M.P.) -- Ss. 257 (f) and 165 (7-B) jurisdiction -- ownership of land covered under Code is vests in State -- sale deed made without prior permission of Collector -- sale deed is void ab initio -- mutation of purchaser took place on such sale deed -- on knowledge of void transaction, entry of record of right always can be corrected if prohibited in law or polluted by void act -- such entry in revenue record has rightly cancelled by Sub-Divisional officer. [Para 10
(6) Land Revenue Code, 1959 (M.P.) -- Ss. 111 and 165 (7-B) -- applicability of section 111 -- sale deed without prior permission of Collector -- sale is ab initio void -- civil Court has jurisdiction to decide dispute between two parties, where State is not party -- in the facts and circumstances of instant case, provisions of section 111 has no application. [Para 10
(7) Transfer of Property Act, 1882 -- S. 111 (g) (2) -- M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959 -- S. 165 (7-B) lease granted to landless person for providing means of livelihood -- transfer of land in violation of section 165 (7-B) -- mutation of purchaser respondent No. 5 took place -- complaint made by petitioner with ulterior motive to achieve collateral purpose of entry in favour of respondent No. 5 -- shall not enure benefit to petitioner -- lease liable to determination by forfeiture -- State directed to issue notice to petitioner and initiate action against respondent No.5 for restoration of possession. A I R 1947 Mad. 68, AIR 1951 Bom. 283 and AIR 1964 A.P. 539 referred to. [Para 11 to 15
(8) Constitution of India -- Art. 226 -- M.P. Land Revenue Code, 1959 -- S.165(7-B) -- scope of jurisdiction under Art.226 -- petitioner witness of agreement to sell -- sale without prior permission of Collector under section 165 (7-B) of Code -- later on complaint made by petitioner -- demeanour and conduct of petitioner -- attracts maxim No Man can take advantage of his own wrong -- in exercise of equitable jurisdiction and regard being had to concept of justice, equity and good conscience, petitioner not entitled to enjoy fruit of his own wrong -- State directed to take action for termination of lease -- also directed to initiate action against respondent No. 5. [Para 12 to 15
ORDER
Arya, J., -- 1. The controversy involved in this writ petition under Article 226 / 227 of the Constitution of India revolves around the scope, limit and dimensions of the provision contained under section 165(7-b) of the Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code, 1959 (for short, 'the Code'). For ready reference the provision is quoted below :
“165. Rights of transfer.- (1) subject to the other provisions of this section and the provision of section 168 a bhumiswami may transfer any interest in his land.
… … …
(7-b) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), a person who holds land from the State Government or a person who holds land in bhumiswami rights under sub- section (3) of section 158 or whom right to occupy land is granted by the State Government or the Collector as a Government lessee and who subsequently becomes bhumiswami of such land, shall not transfer such land without the permission of a Revenue Officer, not below the rank of a Collector, given for reasons to be recorded in writing.” (Emphasis supplied)
and collaterally section 158(3) of the Code. The relevant provision is quoted below :
“158. Bhumiswami. (1) Every person who at the time of coming into force of this Code, belongs to any of the following classes shall be called a bhumiswami and shall have all the rights and be subject to all the liabilities conferred or imposed upon a bhumiswami by or under this Code, namely
… … …
(3) Every person-
(i) who is holding land in bhumiswami right by virtue of a lease granted to him by the State Government or the Collector or the Allotment Officer on or before the commencement of the Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code (Amendment) Act, 1992 from the date of such commencement, and
(ii) to whom land is allotted in bhumiswami right by the State Government or the Collector or the Allotment Officer after the commencement of the Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code (Amendment) Act, 1992 from the date of such allotment, shall be deemed to be a bhumiswami in respect of such land and shall be subject to all the rights and liabilities conferred and imposed upon a bhumiswami by or under this Code :
Provided that no such person shall transfer such land within a period of ten years from the date of lease or allotment and thereafter may transfer such land with the permission obtained under sub-section (7-b) of section 165.
Explanation.-In this section, the expression "Ruler" and "Indian State" shall have the same meanings as are assigned to these expressions in clauses (22) and (15) respectively by Article 366 of the Constitution of India.”
2. Agricultural land falling in survey No.465/40 admeasuring 2.023 hectare village Khilchipur, tehsil Khilchipur, District Rajgarh was leased out / patta to late Kishanlal s/o Nathulal Jatav in the year 1966-67 (for short, 'agricultural land') by the State Government. After his demise, the name of his son Narayan Jatav was mutated in the revenue record vide entry No.40/93-94 dated 30.12.1993. The mutation record suggests that on 10.1.1994, bhumiswami rights were conferred upon him. Vide registered sale deed dated 1.3.1994; the agricultural land was transferred by Narayan Jatav in favour of Jai Prakash (respondent No.5). However, the statutory prior permission as contemplated under section 165(7-b) of the Code was not obtained from the Collector.
Pursuant to the aforesaid sale, the name of respondent No.5 was recorded in the revenue record at sl.No.74 on 2.4.1994.
The Collector, Rajgarh had issued an order on 13.1.2012 directing the competent revenue authorities to check and verify such transaction of transfer of agricultural lands without obtaining prior permission under section 165(7-b) of the Code.
3. Petitioner is heir / successor of Narayan Jatav. On 2.11.2012, he submitted a complaint before the Sub Divisional Officer that the mutation / entry dated 2.4.1994 in favour of respondent No.5 be cancelled as the sale deed dated 2.4.1994 was in violation of the provision c
The court affirmed that Bhumiswami rights cannot be transferred without proper permissions as mandated by the Land Revenue Code, and the petitioners failed to establish valid occupancy rights.
Amendments to land revenue legislation confer Bhumiswami rights retrospectively, necessitating compliance for valid land transfers; sales executed without required permissions are null and void.
A land transfer without Collector permission is invalid under statutory provisions, affirming the need for compliance with regulatory frameworks.
The sale deed for the property did not require permission from the Collector, and the suit was maintainable without a declaration of title.
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